Reevaluation of the bryozoan Aptonella violacea Canu & Bassler, 1928 (Bryozoa, Cheilostomatida), with taxonomic notes on the Gigantoporidae from Brazil
Bitectiporidae. Consciniopsis. Cycloperiella. Gigantopora. Morphology. New species. Taxonomy.
Gigantoporidae is a cheilostome bryozoan family comprising five genera, including Cosciniopsis Canu & Bassler, 1927, considered a senior synonym of Aptonella Canu & Bassler, 1928. The taxonomy of Aptonella has historically been considered confusing due the colored zooecia, which suggests an affinity with other genera such the stomachetosellid genus Cycloperiella Canu & Bassler, 1923. Here, the type species of the genus Aptonella, Aptonella violacea Canu & Bassler, 1928, is reevaluated and compared with other Gigantoporidae. For the reassessment of Gigantoporidae, the type species of Gigantopora Ridley, 1881, Gigantopora lyncoides Ridley, 1881 is redescribed, and a new species of Cosciniopsis, Cosciniopsis viridis n. sp. is described from Brazil. The characteristics of Aptonella violacea, including a double calcified ooecium (lepralieliform type) and the acleithral-type aperture in ovicelled zooids, are distinct from other Gigantoporidae. This distinction allows for the synonymization of Aptonella with Cycloperiella, which is here transferred to the Family Bitectiporidae MacGillivray, 1895.