VARIABILIDADE DO INDICE TROFICO E SUAS IMPLICACOES SOBRE A PRODUTIVIDADE, DIVERSIDADE E EFICIENCIA NO USO DE RECURSOS PELO FITOPLANCTON EM UM ESTUARIO DA COSTA AMAZONICA
Grupos funcionais; diversidade beta; fitoplâncton estuarino
Estuarine ecosystems subject to macrotidal regimes experience rapid environmental fluctuations that influence plankton dynamics. Understanding short-term responses in community structure and functional composition is essential for assessing ecological variability and resilience in these systems. This study investigated how daily tidal oscillations influence the structure and functional diversity of plankton communities in the São Marcos Estuarine Complex (Brazilian Amazon coast), a Ramsar-listed tropical estuary. We conducted high-frequency sampling across spring and neap tides, as well ebb and flood tides, collecting environmental data and plankton (phytoplankton and zooplankton) samples. Functional traits were compiled to calculate metrics of richness, dispersion, and redundancy. Correlation analyses and Random Forest models were used to identify key environmental drivers. Plankton communities exhibited significant short-term shifts in both taxonomic and functional composition between tidal phases. Phytoplankton showed higher functional redundancy during spring tides, while zooplankton diversity increased under neap conditions. Key environmental variables influencing community dynamics included turbidity, salinity, nutrient availability, and light conditions. The study highlights the sensitivity of plankton communities to macrotidal oscillations and supports the use of functional diversity metrics as valuable tools for detecting rapid ecological responses in tropical estuaries. These findings offer new insights into planktonic community functioning under natural hydrodynamic variability.