Photojournalism in the scenario of platformization, AI and post-mass photojournalism.
Photojournalism, platformization, individuation of photojournalism
The pivotal milestone chosen for the early stages of the research is the photograph "Death of a Loyalist Soldier" by Robert Capa (1936), which serves to present the historical, technological, aesthetic, and deontological landscape of the period. Assuming this image as the midpoint of press photography practice, we invoke McLuhan's (1964) concept that "the technical instrument is an extension of the body", and Barthes" (1980) reflection that "this was" to justify the consolidation of photography as an instrument in the service of journalism. In the course of the research, we examined the second and third revolutions of photojournalism, not with the aim of stablishing a historiography of this language but rather, guided by Deleuze and Guattari (2010) and Gilbert Simondon (2020), to explore an identity, an individuation, for photojournalism along the static timeline and to find a central image, like a timeless arrow, that pervades all phases of news photography. Furthermore, drawing on the works of Afonso Júnior (2021) and Jenkins (2006 and 2014), we discuss the context of widespread connectivity combined with news photography embedded in digital platforms and the existing arrangements in this scenario. Additionally, we consider Nicholas Mirzoeff's thoughts on the selfie culture (2016) and how this mode of producing, preserving, distributing and accessing photographs may be influencing the consumption and production of news images. Finally, the argument is presented by observing how and if Artificial Intelligence (AI) penetrates news images and how this may impact a horizon where the beginning of photojournalism, where photography served as the basis for illustration, is bounced.