Banca de DEFESA: CARLOS FABRICIO ASSUNCAO DA SILVA

Uma banca de DEFESA de DOUTORADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.
STUDENT : CARLOS FABRICIO ASSUNCAO DA SILVA
DATE: 11/05/2023
TIME: 09:00
LOCAL: Pós-Graduação Engenharia Civil
TITLE:

Spatial Analysis of the Environmental Impacts Generated by Official and Unofficial Roads Whitin Indigenous Land of the Amazon Biome

KEY WORDS:

Amazon Biome. Road Network. Deforestation. Active Fire. Indigenous lands. Spatial Analysis. 

PAGES: 133
BIG AREA: Engenharias
AREA: Engenharia Civil
SUMMARY:

The thesis document consists of two articles, which analyze the influence of the road network on Indigenous Lands (TIs) located in the Amazon Biome. Thus, the main objective is to carry out a spatial analysis of the environmental impacts generated by the construction and operation of official and unofficial roads within and around (10 km buffer) of the Indigenous Lands. The hypothesis of this research is that, as official and unofficial roads cross or are close to Indigenous Lands, there is a tendency to increase the deforested area and the number of active hot spots. For Article 1, the methodology was implemented in a Geographic Information System and applied the methods: Gaussian Mixture Model, Weighted Least Squares Regression (WLS), and Generalized Linear Models (GLM). In the second article, regression by ordinary least squares and the Kernel Density Estimator was used. The main results of the first article revealed six clusters. Some ILs suffer direct impacts from the roads, while others are better preserved. Regression models revealed that active hot spots, illegal mining, and unofficial roads within ILs are the drivers of deforestation. The overall results indicated that for every 1km of unofficial road, deforestation increases by 0.036 km². However, when analyzing regression models for clusters, we conclude that only 45% of the land is currently affected by road infrastructure. The results for the second article reveal that, in total, 16 to 46% of fires occurred within ILs in most states, while the 10 km buffer was the region most affected by the fire. It was confirmed that in the last three years, there was a significant increase in the number of active fires, representing anomalies in the occurrence of fires over the period studied. The main conclusions of this thesis confirm the hypothesis that the official and unofficial road network, directly and indirectly, influences deforestation and the increase in hot spots inside and outside indigenous lands in the Amazon Biome. This implies the exposure of communities, putting their physical and cultural survival at risk, and the expropriation of natural resources in areas of Indigenous Lands. In this way, the Thesis can support responsible institutions by subsidizing strategies to combat the revealed scenarios and conflicts. Thus, more effective inspection and management actions are suggested to preserve the socio-biodiversity of Indigenous Lands.

COMMITTEE MEMBERS:
Externa à Instituição - FABRIZIA GIOPPO NUNES - UFG
Externo à Instituição - ALEX MOTA DOS SANTOS
Interno - 1130728 - ANISIO BRASILEIRO DE FREITAS DOURADO
Externa ao Programa - 1193649 - SIMONE SAYURI SATO - nullPresidente - 1054052 - VIVIANE ADRIANO FALCAO