Banca de DEFESA: AMANDA RODRIGUES SANTOS COSTA

Uma banca de DEFESA de DOUTORADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.
STUDENT : AMANDA RODRIGUES SANTOS COSTA
DATE: 27/04/2023
TIME: 09:00
LOCAL: Pós-Graduação Engenharia Civil
TITLE:

Life Cycle Sustainability Analysis of urban waste management systems: the case of the city of Paulista/PE, Brazil

KEY WORDS:

Solid waste management; Sustainability; Life Cycle Assessment; Life Cycle Cost

PAGES: 216
BIG AREA: Engenharias
AREA: Engenharia Civil
SUMMARY:

The management of urban solid waste is a challenge for municipalities due to its complexity and related costs. The National Solid Waste Policy established integrated management as a principle, with a clear and systemic approach, considering the life cycle. The Sustainability Life Cycle Analysis includes, in addition to the environmental analysis, Life Cycle Costing and Social Life Cycle Assessment. Thus, this study aims to use this methodology to analyze the economic, social and environmental performance of urban solid waste management systems as a support for structuring guidelines and public policies. For that, a case study was developed in the city of Paulista, Pernambuco, Brazil. The application of the Life Cycle Sustainability Analysis methodology followed the guidelines of the ABNT NBR ISO 14040 standard. The analysis of the solid household waste management system of the municipality allowed the identification of environmental impacts, verifying that the stage of common collection and landfilling of waste in a landfill without energy recovery are the processes that contribute most to the impact categories analyzed. The life cycle cost demonstrates that there is no financial sustainability, as there is a relevant commitment of the municipal budget and there is no financial self-sufficiency, due to the low collection with the fees charged for the services. The Social Life Cycle Assessment made it possible to verify that the current system of the municipality partially complies with the principles of the legislation, requiring improvements in the communication mechanism with the population and the commitment of the public power with sustainability actions. In view of the analysis of the city's current system, waste management scenarios were proposed based on different recovery percentages of the dry fraction (with selective collection, sorting and recycling) and the wet fraction (through composting) and the final disposal in sanitary landfill with energy recovery. It was observed that the highest material recovery rates resulted in improvement of all impact categories, with the exception of terrestrial acidification, which, due to composting, presented high values. Recycling was the main activity responsible for offsetting negative environmental impacts in all scenarios. The scenario in which there is a recovery target of 20% of the dry fraction and 30% of the organic waste is the scenario with the lowest net cost, showing a reduction of almost 34% in costs. The scenario with the highest waste recovery rates did not present the best net cost, as composting represents a high operation and maintenance value and larger volumes sent to this unit represent higher costs, even with the generation of a by-product that can be sold. However, in no scenario is there financial sustainability, evidencing the adjustment in the collection rate. As for social aspects, the insertion of recyclable material collectors, greater investments in actions to recover materials involving the population, as well as demanding greater participation from the public authorities, represent an improvement. In general, aggregation of the methods into a single index is not indicated, but it is possible to infer that scenarios with higher rates of waste recovery have a tendency to be more sustainable, but the limit at which composting is efficient in reducing impacts and minimizing costs must be observed.

COMMITTEE MEMBERS:
Externo à Instituição - BERTRAND SAMPAIO DE ALENCAR
Externa à Instituição - CLAUDIA COUTINHO NOBREGA - UFPB
Externo à Instituição - GERALDO ANTONIO REICHERT
Externa à Instituição - LUCIANA DE FIGUEIRÊDO LOPES LUCENA - UFRN
Presidente - 3199298 - MAURICIO ALVES DA MOTTA SOBRINHO