Characterization of synthetic carbonate rock based on laminated limestone powder from analogous outcrops
Synthetic carbonate rock; Epoxy; Geomechanics; Petrophysics; Petrography; Laminated Limestone
Synthetic carbonate rocks have been used for the analysis of mechanical, hydraulic, chemical and thermal behavior as an alternative to natural carbonate rocks found in oil and gas reservoirs around the world. Such natural rocks are very heterogeneous and have a high extraction cost, making access for further research difficult. Characteristics such as porosity, permeability and resistance are essential in the construction of synthetic rocks for greater similarity to natural rock, which can be especially achieved by adopting carbonate rock powder in its composition. One option considered for the carbonate matrix comes from mining tailings of laminated limestone in the Crato Formation, located in northeastern Brazil. These limestone rocks are considered to be analogous to carbonate reservoirs in terms of physical, faciological and age nature. In this sense, a synthetic rock was produced by mixing rock powder from laminated limestone and epoxy, obtaining petrophysical, petrographic and geomechanical characteristics. The petrography was done through the observation of thin sheets of samples of the synthesized plugs and, as well as the SEM, it showed good representation in relation to natural rock. The porosity of synthetic carbonate rock, measured by computed tomography, was around 10%. The maximum uniaxial strength and elastic modulus of synthetic rocks ranged from 64.5-101.8 MPa and 7-10.3 GPa, respectively. The diametral compression test showed expected results in the order of 10% of the uniaxial strength value. The synthetic carbonate rock produced, therefore, proved to be representative from a geomechanical and petrophysical point of view in relation to natural rock, whose manufacturing protocol is consolidated and in a position to allow the incorporation of mechanical heterogeneities that exist in carbonate reservoirs such as fractures. and concretions.