Rainwater Harvesting System And Sensor Validation for Real-Time Water Quality Monitoring
Rainwater harvesting system, savings, water security, urban environment and alternative sensors
Urban problems related to flooding, flash floods, landslides and the intermittent water supply are increasingly frequent factors. The use of rainwater collection and utilization systems is an alternative used to mitigate surface runoff and assist with water scarcity. These systems also help to reduce the water demand on the utility company and lower water costs. Therefore, the objective of the work was to develop a rainwater harvesting system, evaluating different storage methods (Rippl, Brazilian empirical or Azevedo Neto's method, British empirical, Australian practical), with the intention of using it for potable purposes. A treatment system was proposed and installed to collect, divert the first millimeter and make rainwater potable in an enterprise in the urban area of Recife, a city in the state of Pernambuco, providing a total saving of R$ 15,177.73 per year with a payback time of 3.39 years. The water quality of the enterprise was monitored to guarantee the effectiveness of the system, which showed good quality in the samples collected after treatment at all collection spots, as required by the Brazilian legislation. Sensors of pH, temperature and total dissolved solids were developed and validated using statistical tests to monitor the quality of rainwater, in order to provide the consumer water security for the use of rainwater as a supply source. These sensors have demonstrated good functioning within the designated range for rainwater.