THE MULTIPLE DIMENSIONS OF SOCIOSPATIAL FRAGMENTATION:
Socio-spatial differentiation of Special Zones of Social Interest.
ZEIS, socio-spatial differentiation, urban fragmentation.
The growing presence of human settlements with precarious living conditions has become increasingly common in the most populous cities around the world. Furthermore, the socio-spatial fragmentation of the urban fabric has added considerable complexity to facing this challenge. In this context, this research seeks to analyze the socio-spatial differentiation and fragmentation in ZEIS, based on the relationship between their internal characteristics and those of the city that surrounds them. The methodological construction process included the city of Campina Grande, and later, the method was replicated in João Pessoa, considered the most populous cities in the state of Paraíba. The analysis introduces methodological contributions that combine the obtaining and systematization of spatial data, geoprocessing tools and discriminant analysis, in order to identify which variables have the greatest weight in differentiating the ZEIS from their respective surroundings, through an index of socio-spatial differentiation. The interpretation of the results of this index contributed to the analysis of socio-spatial fragmentation in these territories, and the possible segregation of their residents in the city where they live. In this process, we were faced with diversity in socio-spatial differentiation in central and peripheral areas, however, there was a superior differentiation considering the ZEIS of Campina Grande-PB. The relevance of this work lies in the systematization of several contributions into a methodology that allows the classification of ZEIS, fundamental in the process of understanding different aspects of socio-spatial fragmentation, in addition to supporting planning and management policies that aim to promote a more harmonious integration with the surroundings.