What a pity that the flowers falls so quickly: memory and melancholy in S. Bernardo
Keywords: S. Bernardo; Graciliano Ramos; Psychoanalysis; Regionalism.
In this work, I analyze existential problems that provide a singular view to the written memories of Paulo Honório. I argue, based on reflections made by Freud (2011) and Kristeva about the fundamental void that constitutes modern subject, that melancholy is a literary device which gives a form and a shape to the narrative of S. Bernardo. To prove my hypothesis, I describe a fictional game that is basilar to the book created by the existence of three different “people” implicated in its construction: 1) Graciliano Ramos, empirical author, who signs the cover; 2) Paulo Honório, the fictional memorialist; 3) the other Paulo Honório, the one who truly lived the moments recreated by the memorialist. That device allows the lector to put under suspect the discourse presented on the book and to agree or disagree with the conclusions of the narrator. Because of that, I affirm that it is impossible to avoid the subjective elements contained in the novel; and that impossibility it is a cosmopolite feature of Graciliano Ramos’ fiction. Still in this perspective, I see motivation to consider Paulo Honório a very more complex character than most critics do. And I also reconsider the relation between the farmer and his wife, Madalena: he is not only moved by financial interests, but by complex human feelings (which he also cannot fully understand). I conclude that it is not possible to restrict the meanings of S. Bernardo to social, collective, regional or national problems.