Disertación/Tesis

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2024
Disertaciones
1
  • JONATHAN JUSTINO APOS CASSIMIRO
  • Computational Efficiency Analysis of Reliability-Based Robust Multi-Objective Design Optimization Applied oo a Reinforced Concrete Plane Frame

  • Líder : RENATO DE SIQUEIRA MOTTA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • PAULO MARCELO VIEIRA RIBEIRO
  • JULIANA VON SCHMALZ TORRES
  • PAULO FERNANDO SILVA SOUSA
  • Data: 30-ene-2024


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Traditionally, concrete structure designs employ semi-probabilistic methods that apply safety factors to compensate for uncertainties, increasing loads and reducing resistances. While this ensures safety and reliability, probabilistic methods offer a more comprehensive approach by quantifying the probability of failure for a structure. This study applied Reliability-Based Design Optimization (RBDO) and Robust Reliability-Based Multi-objective Design Optimization (RBRMDO) to a reinforced concrete linear plane frame. The study compared efficiency among procedures, considering accuracy, processing time, iterations, number of function evaluations, and Pareto point distribution quality. The main contribution lies in investigating various algorithm combinations to identify the most efficient and robust procedure for multi-objective optimization under uncertainties in concrete structure designs. The numerical methods Reliability Index Approach (RIA), Performance Measure Approach (PMA), Single-Loop Approach (SLA), and Sequential Optimization and Reliability Assessment (SORA) were coupled with Weighted Sum (WS) and Normal-Boundary Intersection (NBI) methods to build the Pareto frontier. The optimization used the Sequential Quadratic Programming (SQP) through the Scipy library. The structural analysis employed the Finite Element Method (FEM) through the CasPy package. The reliability analysis employed the First-Order Reliability Method (FORM) for RIA and PMA through the Pystra package. SLA and SORA used a FORM routine we implemented. HL-RF algorithm assessed the Most Probable Point (MPP), and the finite differences method calculated numerical derivatives. Four examples were tested before the main application. SLA and SORA showed excellent results, with SLA being the most efficient algorithm. RIA and PMA underperformed in processing time and the number of limit state function evaluations. NBI outperformed in the Pareto point distribution quality compared to WS.
2
  • TALLYS CELSO MINEIRO
  • Numerical Analysis of the Effect of Reservoir Temperature on CO2 Plume Formation from Different Injection Methods


  • Líder : IGOR FERNANDES GOMES
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • JOSE ANTONIO BARBOSA
  • DEBORA CRISTINA ALMEIDA DE ASSIS
  • MARCOS ALLYSON FELIPE RODRIGUES
  • Data: 16-feb-2024


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • In recognition of the problems created due to massive volume of GHG emissions, such as CO2, into the atmosphere, sustainable projects to capture and retain these types of gases have been sought in recent decades in order to lower their concentration. As part of solution, Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) technologies arose, which involve the sequestration of CO2 in geological formations. Furthermore, various CO2 injection techniques, such as supercritical CO2, WAG-CO2, or dissolved, can be used for this purpose, which provide a variety of CO2 plume dynamic and risk assessment for the projects. Likewise, depending on the injection process and reservoir temperature, different proportions of structural or stratigraphic, dissolved and residual trapping mechanisms can be achieved. Therefore, by modeling a layered heterogeneous deep saline aquifer and simulating various injection scenarios, this work intends to assess the influence of reservoir temperature regarding three injection methods, supercritical, WAG- CO2 and co-injection. Furthermore, variations in vertical permeability were considered to test the influence involving lithology and permeability variations and fractured cap rocks. The results reveal that as the reservoir temperature rises, so does the CO2 plume mobility inducing a modal lateral expansion growth of 10%, having a significant impact on its dynamics. Regarding the water injection methodologies, the plume diffusion occurs more effectively in the bed bottoms, WAG-CO2 provides utmost results in plume maximum extension and minimum gas saturation, and co-injection improves outstandingly the trapping mechanism in earlier periods of time, knowing that the supercritical mobile phase decreases under these injection conditions.

3
  • GRACIELLE GONÇALVES FERREIRA DE ARAUJO
  • Freight Transport, e-Commerce and Access to Goods: An Analysis Based on the Consumer Perspective

  • Líder : LEISE KELLI DE OLIVEIRA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • MARIA LEONOR ALVES MAIA
  • ANA MARGARITA LARRAÑAGA URIARTE
  • BRUNO VIEIRA BERTONCINI
  • Data: 19-feb-2024


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The growth of e-commerce has raised several discussion regarding the externalities caused by urban delivery. However, little has been discussed about the benefits that are generated. As it is an online retail channel, where there are countless stores available to consumers, e-commerce promotes benefits such as a greater variety of products; opportunity for easy comparison of products and prices; convenience of not needing to travel and the stores are always open; opportunity to purchase products that may not be available close to the consumer; and, opportunity to choose how the delivery will be made. Considering that equity is defined as the fair and adequate distribution of benefits and burdens in a society, it is hypothesized that electronic commerce can be a provider of equity by giving people the opportunity to access goods and resources, based on choices that are adapt to their living conditions. Therefore, the objective of this work is to explore the factors that contribute to equity in e-commerce, with a focus on the logistics process. To this end, a conceptual model was developed on the equity of urban delivery, depending on the capabilities of individuals using the Capabilities Approach Theory. From the literature review, it was determined that the main factors that contribute to the equity of e-commerce from the  perspective of individuals are variety and price of products, convenience, access to physical stores, time, cost and location of delivery. Additionally, consumer preferences were evaluated using the Best-Worst method to rank the importance of factors in the decision to buy online. The results indicate that the most relevant factor for the consumer during the purchasing decision process is the price of the product, followed by the cost of delivery; delivery time and convenience come in third place. It is therefore concluded that electronic commerce can promote equal access to the opportunity to purchase goods, especially for people in situations of economic vulnerability, with mobility restrictions (such as people with disabilities and the elderly, for example), with time and with location restrictions. However, delivery characteristics, especially in relation to cost and deadline, may make access to these benefits unfeasible.
4
  • VICTORIA FARÇAL ROCHA DA COSTA
  • Experimental Analysis of the Influence of Carbonate Rock Acidification on Geomechanical and Petrophysical Parameters

  • Líder : LEONARDO JOSE DO NASCIMENTO GUIMARAES
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • JOSE ANTONIO BARBOSA
  • ANALICE FRANCA LIMA AMORIM
  • JEFFERSON TAVARES CRUZ OLIVEIRA
  • Data: 19-feb-2024


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The different phases of oil well construction and exploration can cause damage to the rock formation near the well, reducing its permeability and, consequently, oil production. Well stimulation techniques seek to circumvent these unwanted phenomena. Matrix acidizing in carbonates is a stimulation technique that consists of injecting a reactive fluid to dissolve carbonate minerals in the well rock matrix, creating channels for the flow of oil. Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is the most commonly used acid for this technique, but its high reaction rate with the carbonate can reduce its penetration into the formation. Therefore, in order to optimize acid consumption and increase the depth of the wormholes, it is necessary to develop stimulation fluids containing additives that reduce the rate of dissolution of the rock matrix by the acid. The aim of this work was to evaluate and understand the influence of stimulation fluids, under different injection flow rates, on the petrophysical and geomechanical properties of the rock. Computed microtomography (μTC), a 3D reconstruction technique, was used to analyze the wormhole patterns formed. To this end, characterizations of the reactive fluids and carbonate rock samples, porosity and permeability tests, geomechanical tests, flow tests in porous media and x-ray computed microtomography were carried out. The result was that the acid treatment reduced the porosity of the acidified samples, but significantly increased the permeability. The results also showed that the mechanical properties (Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio) showed a weakening of the rock after acid treatment. The samples acidified with 15% HCl showed Young's modulus values around 96% lower than those of the intact samples. In addition, the samples acidified with 15% HCl plus additives showed 22% lower values. On the other hand, the group acidified with 15% HCl had a Poisson's ratio 39% higher than the intact group. The group acidified with 15% HCl and additives had a 15% higher coefficient. In addition, computed microtomography visually confirmed that acid treatment effectively creates a path for fluid flow through the core.
5
  • FERNANDA CATARINA RIBEIRO DA LUZ
  • Use of the BIM System in the Quantification of Waste Generated in Civil Construction: Use of Python and Dynamo Programming Languages Combined with Revit 

  • Líder : RACHEL PEREZ PALHA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ANISIO BRASILEIRO DE FREITAS DOURADO
  • JOAQUIM JOSE GUILHERME DE ARAGAO
  • MAURICIO OLIVEIRA DE ANDRADE
  • Data: 19-feb-2024


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The construction industry, although essential for economic development, is responsible for significant waste production that impacts the environment and natural resources. In this context, this study proposes the integration of Building Information Modeling (BIM) using Revit software, the visual programming interface Dynamo, and the Python programming language to quantify construction waste in a detailed and effective manner. The highlight lies in the development of an algorithm that covers all construction elements, both in the construction and demolition phases. Automation and adaptability enhance efficiency and accuracy, providing the algorithm with the flexibility needed to adapt to different contexts in the construction industry. The results reveal benefits such as time savings, reduction of manual errors, and customization for specific requirements. By integrating theoretical knowledge, technology, and automation, this study represents a significant step towards effective and sustainable management of construction waste. The study not only enriches the academic environment but also inspires the industry to adopt innovative methods, promoting more sustainable and efficient practices. As a suggestion to overcome possible challenges, complete automation of the process and exploration of emerging technologies are proposed for future research.
6
  • JONAS FELIPE SANTOS DE SOUZA
  • Use of SAR and Optical Images from the Satellite Sentinel for Reservoir Monitoring in the Semiarid and Atlantic Forest Regions

  • Líder : ALFREDO RIBEIRO NETO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • JOSE ROBERTO GONCALVES DE AZEVEDO
  • GERALD NORBERT SOUZA DA SILVA
  • WENDSON DE OLIVEIRA SOUZA
  • Data: 21-feb-2024


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • This work analyzes the application of remote sensing using radar and optical images from the Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 satellites, respectively, for mapping and monitoring the extent of surface water in reservoirs in the state of Pernambuco. Furthermore, a methodology for bias correction of water area data obtained by satellite using Artificial Neural Networks was also proposed and applied. In the first approach, using Sentinel-1 products, six reservoirs were selected in Mata Norte and the Metropolitan Region of Recife for the application and evaluation of a water detection algorithm based on Random Forest and three thresholding methods, these being the predefined threshold method, Otsu method and Kittler-Illingworth method. In the second approach, using Sentinel-2 products, three reservoirs were selected in the Sertão region for the application and evaluation of an unsupervised and non-parametric automatic water detection algorithm. After generating the water masks and calculating the surface water areas in both approaches, the results were compared with two datasets: in situ monitoring and MapBiomas. For the methodology adopted in the first approach, the algorithm based on Random Forest presented the best results, with the area values obtained satisfactorily reflecting the trends of the historical series of in situ monitoring, but with limitations in water detection, with underestimation maximum area values and problems in complex environments. For the methodology adopted in the second approach, the applied algorithm did not achieve satisfactory results in water detection, with the calculated area values underestimating the values obtained from in situ observations. Furthermore, several water masks generated by the algorithm presented gaps in the pixel classification, compromising the final result. The use of MapBiomas as a reference database presented limitations regarding the temporal scale, the classification of water bodies and the underestimation of minimum values of surface water area. Finally, the applied bias correction method proved to be efficient for situations with a sufficient test sample size for training and calibration the Artificial Neural Network model.

7
  • EMANUEL JOAQUIM DANIEL JÚNIOR
  • Impacts of Roughness Variation on Velocity Profiles in Low-Gradient Fluvial Channels Using CFD

  • Líder : JAIME JOAQUIM DA SILVA PEREIRA CABRAL
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • EDNA MARIA DE FARIA VIANA
  • JOSE ROBERTO GONCALVES DE AZEVEDO
  • ROBERTA DE MELO GUEDES ALCOFORADO
  • Data: 22-feb-2024


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Until the end of the 20th century, the concept of urban drainage was limited to the simple management of precipitation, seeking only to reduce locally the impacts generated by floods. In the 21st century, this management started to encompass several areas, adopting a position that evolved from being merely corrective but began to encompass the premises of sustainability and coexistence in tune with nature, understanding that the Projects must reconcile with water ecosystems. In this sense, channel designs can still evolve and better incorporate such concepts, especially in terms of understanding the impact of the roughness coefficient in a three-dimensional view of the flow. At the same time, it was found that computational numerical calculation techniques that involve the use of CFD are very common in the literature for analyzing phenomena of hydraulic structures and free surfaces. Within this perspective, this work aims to deepen knowledge regarding the formation of velocity profiles, for different roughness, in an open channel with a small slope, using as a basis the prototype channel existing in the Hydraulics, Computational Hydraulics and Hydrology Laboratory at UFPE. An experimental test was carried out to obtain the boundary conditions of the modeled computational domain, as well as a CFD simulation project under the most current best practices in the literature. To do the verification, mesh and time step tests were carried out, in addition to observing excellent behavior of the scalars as expected from the assigned equational models. The results found were satisfactory, observing qualitatively, that the isotactic profiles behaved as expected, mainly when correlating the different materials with the graph that represents the relationship between Manning’s coefficient and Nikuradse’s sand equivalent roughness. It was verified that acrylic and concrete coatings have similar behavior, which differ exponentially when changing to a laterite coating, but which once again presents a certain homogeneity compared to gabion or natural soil coatings. Quantitatively, it was observed that the variation in velocity is only significant up to the point 0.0833 m on the Z axis and 0.0544 m on the Y axis, observing, for the Z axis, a variation in the center of the flow of 0.0045 m/s of velocity, and, for the Y axis, of 0.0033 m/s. Therefore, it is concluded that CFD techniques were justified as a good tool to assist in the studies of hydraulic phenomena, obtaining results within a physics coherent with the defined equational models, as well as being harmonious with other studies carried out in the same area.

8
  • CAMILA OLIVEIRA DE BRITTO SALGUEIRO
  • Analysis of Urban Drainage in a Hill Area: Case Study in Recife

  • Líder : SYLVANA MELO DOS SANTOS
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ANDERSON LUIZ RIBEIRO DE PAIVA
  • SUZANA MARIA GICO LIMA MONTENEGRO
  • ROCHELE SHEILA VASCONCELOS
  • Data: 28-feb-2024


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The intensification of the urbanization process in large urban centers has increased the demand for
    infrastructure, sanitation and housing. In this way, the result is transformations in the earth's surface,
    mainly with regard to changes from vegetated surfaces, considered permeable, to urbanized surfaces, considered impermeable. Meireles (2023) cited a series of environmental, social and economic problems as a consequence of urbanization, highlighting the need for greater urban planning for the balanced and sustainable growth of urban centers. Song et al. (2018) highlighted that changes in land use and cover considerably alter the dynamics of the Earth's functioning and its biochemical cycles, contributing to climate change and affecting the properties of the Earth's surface. As a result, there is the occurrence of natural disasters, which, combined with extreme precipitation events, can generate risky situations and cause a series of losses for society. This work aims to analyze the surface drainage system of a hill area located in the municipality of Recife-PE, which presented great vulnerability to the impacts resulting from high precipitation in the extreme precipitation event that occurred on May 28, 2022, which caused a series of negative impacts on the municipality. Therefore, the work will be focused on the study and hydraulic evaluation of surface drainage devices, as well as possible suggestions for greater system efficiency. Two main types of microdrainage devices were evaluated: 3 gutters, based on the difference between the admissible flow (Izzard Equation) and design flow (Rational Method) and 4 water drops, using the SISCCOH software – System for Water Calculations. Hydraulic Components. For gutters, problems were found in relation to the capacity of gutter S2, in which the design flow (generated by the extreme event) was higher than the allowable flow (flow that the device is capable of supporting). It should be noted that this situation is mainly linked to the impact of the external contribution to thedevice, since the inclusion of this area substantially increases the relative design flow (0.189 m³/s). The AHP methodology was applied to determine the best compensatory technique in the gutter contribution area to be adopted with a view to reducing the water flow coming from the urbanized contribution areas of the hill, three alternatives being evaluated: (1) green roofs with vegetation; (2) storage of rainwater in a reservoir (water tank); and (3) low-cost green roofs. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used to assist in decision making, carrying out joint analysis with data collection from the Google Forms platform and evaluation of alternatives based on qualitative and quantitative analyzes carried out in studies previous ones. It was concluded that Alternative 2 (implementation of water tanks) is considered the most appropriate alternative based on the application of the AHP analysis, as it presented a higher final score than the other alternatives (2.18) and consequently the highest-ranking order. In relation to waterfalls, the results pointed to the Nappe Flow regime, with a subregime of partial development of the hydraulic rebound. It is noteworthy that the devices presented jet drop lengths with very close values, which causes air pockets to be formed on each step, with successive drops in which a hydraulic jump may or may not be generated on each step.
9
  • KÉZIA BRASILINO DE SOUZA
  • Systematic Review of Post-Fire Reinforcement of Reinforced Concrete Beams Using Carbon Fiber Laminates

  • Líder : TIAGO ANCELMO DE CARVALHO PIRES DE OLIVEIRA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ANTONIO ACACIO DE MELO NETO
  • NAILDE DE AMORIM COELHO
  • PAULO MARCELO VIEIRA RIBEIRO
  • Data: 29-feb-2024


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Fire in reinforced concrete (RC) structures reduces their mechanical properties. As a result, CA elements require post-fire rehabilitation in order to fully perform their initial functions established at the design stage. The main objective of this systematic review study is to identify the main mechanical performance responses of CA beams after they have been damaged by heating and then reinforced using carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) laminates. The PRISMA methodology (Transparent Reporting of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) was used to carry out the systematic review, with searches in the databases of the journal portals: Engineering Village, CAPES Portal, Science Direct, Scopus and Web of Science. Selection criteria were adopted to filter out experimental studies on reinforced concrete beams after heating and reinforced with CFRP laminates, published between 1990 and 2023 (up to September of this year). A total of 1,413 studies were found, of which only 28 were read in full, resulting in the selection of 11 articles for analysis. Therefore, it was observed that the use of CFRP laminate repair after fire damage to AC beams increases the mechanical performance of the parts. However, there is still a gap in knowledge on the subject, with only one paper studying the behavior of beams with post-fire reinforcement, considering the furnace in the transient temperature state. Among the papers, a large part is aimed at flexural reinforcement (82%), with only two studies on shear reinforcement (18%), and no paper taking into account the influence of the NSM CFRP flexural reinforcement rate, with a heating regime according to the ISO 834 fire curve. From the review of the system, it can be concluded that it was possible to recover the load-bearing capacity of the CA beams, after the fire and reinforced in bending with CFRP laminates, up to a temperature of 800 °C (115%), and for the shear reinforcement up to the damage of more than 1000 °C (125%), in relation to the intact reference beam. However, for both scenarios, stiffness was not restored. In view of the parameters shown, temperature damage, the EBR/NSM reinforcement technique and reinforcement rate are, in that order, the most influential on the performance results of the CA beams.

10
  • MARCOS DAVID DOS SANTOS
  • Systematic Literature Review with Meta-Analysis on Sludgefrom Water Treatment Plants with Life Cycle Assessment in Ceramic Blocks

  • Líder : ARNALDO MANOEL PEREIRA CARNEIRO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ARNALDO MANOEL PEREIRA CARNEIRO
  • ADOLPHO GUIDO DE ARAÚJO
  • HOLMER SAVASTANO JUNIOR
  • JOÃO LUIZ CALMON NOGUEIRA DA GAMA
  • Data: 01-mar-2024


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Waste management from water treatment plants and the impacts arising from their irregular disposal present current challenges that necessitate alternatives for their proper reuse and disposal. Water treatment plant sludge (WTS), commonly referred to as WTS, poses significant environmental risks when improperly disposed of in riverbeds or watercourses near treatment facilities. Consequently, exploring alternatives to reintegrate this waste into the production chain, thereby enhancing its value, emerges as a critical area of inquiry. Given the substantial volumes of waste generated daily by water treatment plants, the construction industry emerges as a promising sector for utilizing these by-products as raw materials for producing new materials. In this context, this study aims to provide a comprehensive review of the various applications and uses of WTS, outlining its potential contributions across different industries. To achieve this, an extensive search was conducted in the Scopus database to identify relevant scientific literature on the subject. Following the literature review, a rigorous analysis was undertaken to assess both the quantitative and qualitative aspects of the identified documents. Leveraging VOSviewer software, patterns and connections within the literature were explored, providing valuable insights into the current state of research on WTS utilization. Additionally, to contribute to the existing body of knowledge, a simplified life cycle assessment (LCA) was conducted for one of the key by-products within the construction industry. Subsequently, the data obtained were subjected to thorough statistical analysis using Jamovi 2.3.21 and Statistica 10 software, enabling a deeper understanding of the implications and potential applications of WTS in construction. The findings revealed a range of viable solutions for incorporating WTS into construction materials, including composites, supplementary cementitious materials, aggregates, ceramics, geopolymers, and geotechnical applications. Overall, the study underscores the diverse opportunities for leveraging WTS in the construction industry to develop innovative products while addressing considerations of safety, durability, and cost-effectiveness. By promoting proper waste disposal practices and fostering the development of sustainable construction materials, it becomes possible to mitigate adverse environmental impacts and foster economic growth in the construction sector.

11
  • MARIA ISABEL FERREIRA DOS SANTOS
  • Evaluation of Geotechnical Characteristics and Stability in Unsaturated Conditions of a Slope in the Northern Area of Recife/PE 

  • Líder : ROBERTO QUENTAL COUTINHO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • IGOR FERNANDES GOMES
  • MAURICIO EHRLICH
  • SAUL BARBOSA GUEDES
  • Data: 06-mar-2024


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Landslides are often associated with human, economic, and environmental losses, mainly affecting vulnerable populations residing in high-risk areas without adequate basic infrastructure. The city of Recife has a high population density living in landslide prone areas, with several landslide disasters recorded in recent years, mainly influenced by extreme weather events. In light of this, the present study aims to evaluate the geotechnical characteristics of a slope located in the Dois Unidos neighborhood, North Zone of Recife, and assess its stability through flow and stability analyses, using the current topography of the area, as well as understanding the slope failure that occurred in May 2022. Geological-geotechnical field and laboratory investigation campaigns were carried out, including planimetric surveys, SPT borehole tests, disturbed and undisturbed sampling, in-situ permeability testing with the Guelph permeameter, physical characterization tests, soil strength, suction, and compressibility tests. The geotechnical parameters obtained from these tests were input into flow and stability analyses, performed using Slope/W and Seep/W software. In stability analyses considering the pre-failure section, it was observed that the rainfall in May 2022 acted as a triggering factor for the landslide, considering its joint action with other predisposing factors. Considering the current topography of the area and the probability of rainfall conditions similar to those in May 2022, the analyses conducted show that the values of the safety factors (FS) can approach unity, indicating that the slope is susceptible to new landslides. Finally, it is concluded that the study area is densely occupied, in an inadequate manner, undergoing constant changes in its landscape, which can directly affect the value of safety factors in the area, and consequently, lead to landslides.
12
  • BEATRIZ DA COSTA FERNANDES
  • Numerical Procedure for Evaluating Stresses Serviceability in Orthogonal Reinforcement of Reinforced Concrete Shells

  • Líder : BERNARDO HOROWITZ
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • LUIS FILIPE ALMEIDA BERNARDO
  • FERNANDO ARTUR NOGUEIRA SILVA
  • RENATO DE SIQUEIRA MOTTA
  • Data: 19-mar-2024


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Shell elements are present in important engineering works such as reservoirs and bridge deck slabs. In service, the performance of these structures may be compromised due to cracking of the concrete, putting at risk, for example, watertightness and the fatigue limit state. These problems have a dependence on the stress in the reinforcement. Thus, it is at the crack that the greatest stress fluctuations are observed, therefore greater deformations of the reinforcement, which translates into crack opening. Therefore, it is evident that there is a need to understand these stresses to guarantee the functionality and durability of structures. In light of this, this work presents a computational routine implemented in Python called Cracked Shell Model (CSM), capable of calculating the stresses in orthogonal reinforcement in reinforced concrete shell elements. To this end, the thickness of the shell is discretized into layers subject to a plane state of stress. The reinforcements are evaluated using the Cracked Membrane Model (CMM), which considers the effect of tension stiffening via the Tension Chord Model (TCM). Furthermore, an implementation of the CMM was also developed using optimization techniques to solve the system of equations. Validation of the CMM and CSM was carried out using experimental and numerical results from panels available in the literature, where good accuracy and low computational cost were observed. Additionally, a study was conducted on the effect of compressive membranes on bridge deck slabs, which increases the resistance of these slabs. The study demonstrated that models based on Kirchhoff's theory, such as the CSM, cannot capture the efforts arising from this effect, leading to an ultimate load lower than that observed in tests.

13
  • JULLIUS CESAR FERREIRA BARROS
  • Assessment of Water Suply in Socially Disadvantaged Commnunities in the City of Recife - PE

  • Líder : JOSE ROBERTO GONCALVES DE AZEVEDO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • LEIDJANE MARIA MACIEL DE OLIVEIRA
  • SAULO DE TARSO MARQUES BEZERRA
  • DIEGO CEZAR DOS SANTOS ARAÚJO
  • Data: 22-mar-2024


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Access to water and sanitation is essential for the quality of life and development ofany society. With the uncontrolled growth of populations, ensuring this access hasbecome a significant challenge, resulting in the establishment of highly robust andcomplex networks. Additionally, the primary issue encountered in water supplysystems is excessive water loss, which has been increasing in recent years. In thiscontext, the relevance of efficient water resource management is extensivelydiscussed, emphasizing the importance of technological approaches to addresscontemporary challenges. Hydraulic modeling emerges as a powerful tool to optimizewater distribution systems, employing advanced simulations to consolidateinformation from existing systems and facilitate decision-making. Building upon thisprinciple, this study aims to model the existing system of a socially disadvantagedcommunity, generating a diagnostic analysis and proposing structural improvementsto universalize access while enhancing its operation and maintenance. Multiple fieldvisits, including door-to-door interviews, were conducted to comprehend the system'sfunctioning from the population's perspective. Additionally, a system registry fromCOMPESA, the local water company, was obtained. With the input data in hand,modeling was performed, revealing that the existing system could not meet the entirecommunity's demand. Consequently, existing pipelines were removed, and a newnetwork was designed, yielding satisfactory hydraulic results. The projected networkincurred a cost of approximately R$ 294.00 per inhabitant, within the standard rangefor such projects. Furthermore, through sectorization and the transformation of thecommunity into a district for measurement and control, the proposed improvementsare expected to generate potential water tariff revenue for COMPESA ranging fromR$ 1,464,754.50 to R$ 27,905,049.60, demonstrating a promising investment.

Tesis
1
  • MARINESIO PINHEIRO DE LIMA
  • Numerical Modeling in Finite Elements of the Influence of Time on the Stability of Stopesin un Underground Mine

  • Líder : LEONARDO JOSE DO NASCIMENTO GUIMARAES
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • JOSE ANTONIO BARBOSA
  • ARTUR ANGELO ALCANTARA DE ASSIS
  • DEBORA CRISTINA ALMEIDA DE ASSIS
  • MARCIO LUIZ DE SIQUEIRA CAMPOS BARROS
  • ROBSON RIBEIRO LIMA
  • Data: 26-ene-2024


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • This thesis has the general objective of quantitatively analyzing the effect of time on the instability and unplanned dilution of the stopes from the underground mining method of openings by sublevels, using numerical modeling, via the finite element method. The Sublevel Open Stope underground mining method is one of the most widespread in underground mining, where unplanned dilution is one of the most important parameters to be considered in ore recovery. The unplanned dilution is directly linked to the stability of the excavations, requiring good management and control for an adequate design of the stopes. The prediction of unplanned dilution consists of numerically determining the post-dismantling displacements that occurred on the walls of the stopes during the time they remain exposed without applying any type of support. The numerical approach adopted here consists of applying an elasto viscoplastic model with formulation for the finite element method, with the ability to simulate the behavior of the rock mass dependent on time, around of the stopes. In the simulation, the finite element code CODE BRIGTH with Mohr-Coulomb plastification criterion and associated type plasticity and the bilinear law of softening were used, where cohesion and effective friction angle are reduced linearly with the occurrence of deviating plastic deformations. The viscoplastic model is Perzyna's, with a structure based on plasticity theory and viscous effects only in the plastic regime. To assess the applicability of the model, a synthetic case and two real cases were analyzed, totaling 22 simulation scenarios. The models represent two-dimensional sections perpendicular to the openings, located in the center of the stope, where displacements were obtained through wall instabilities indicators. The synthetic case was elaborated to understand the behavior of the instability indicators over time, in which the evolution of the indicators was observed as a function of the input parameters of the model, noting that it can be easily calibrated to known rheological conditions of the rock mass. The second case was elaborated from a real situation of displacement that occurred on the roof of an stope of the Zinc Mine of Nexa, with a record of the evolution of displacements carried out by mining in a period of seven months. Its simulation showed some limits of applicability of the model. The third case concerns the opening of the stope of block 9140 located at elevation 420 of the Vazante mine, 268.5 meters from the surface, with a measured dilution of 43.3% on the hangingwall the stope. The results obtained by the simulation were quite coherent with the actual dilution data occurred in the stope. Two instability indicators were analyzed, the regions of low confinement and the horizontal displacements, presenting dilution values very close to the real values, with an increase in the unplanned dilution of 2.2% for each month of exposure. According to the results of the simulations, the elasto-viscoplastic model used proved to be consistent in the proposal to capture the deformations over time in the underground mining stopes, with easy adaptation of the parameters, coherence with real data and theories of the rheological behavior of the rocks. Being a good tool in evaluating the stability of the stope walls over time
2
  • RAQUEL OLIVEIRA LIMA
  • Evaluation of Parameters that Impact Flow Simulations Partially Coupled to Geomechanics: Study of a Brazilian Siliciclastic Reservoir 

  • Líder : LEONARDO JOSE DO NASCIMENTO GUIMARAES
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • MARCOS VITOR BARBOSA MACHADO
  • LUIS CARLOS DE SOUSA JUNIOR
  • FLÁVIA DE OLIVEIRA LIMA FALCÃO
  • IGOR FERNANDES GOMES
  • LICIA MOUTA DA COSTA
  • Data: 31-ene-2024


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • This work uses flow simulation coupled with geomechanics to quantify rock deformation due to production in oil reservoirs. The module for coupled simulations uses the commercial software Imex® as a flow simulator and a finite element mechanical simulator in Matlab®, employing one-way, two-way partial coupling and pseudo-coupling schemes. The flow and mechanical problems are coupled by changing pressure, pore compressibility, absolute permeability, and porosity. The simulations were conducted for Campo de Namorado (Campos Basin, Brazil) to evaluate aspects that impact the partial coupling procedure, such as mesh refinement, coupling frequency and variables, and rock and fluid properties. The objective is to evaluate the influence of the reservoir's mechanical behavior on production predictions and how to reduce the computational cost of coupled simulations. Simulations using non-coincident meshes for flow and mechanical problems showed that reducing the refinement of the mechanical mesh only in the vertical direction presented results very close to those when the meshes are coincident, with significant reduction in computational cost. In the two-way coupled simulations, pore compressibility was the coupling parameter that demonstrated the most significant influence on the pressure variation of the reservoir under study. The choice of coupling formulation is very important for production forecast. It was observed that a high coupling frequency might not result in significant differences in production predictions and displacements, and this coupling frequency should be defined dynamically depending on the variation of some of the coupling parameters to reduce the computational cost. Coupled simulationspredicted greater oil recovery than the flow simulation. The pseudocoupling scheme, in which the multiplier tables were generated through two-way coupled simulations, was attractive to quantify changes in porosity and permeability of the reservoir under study with computational cost similar to that of traditional flow simulation. It was possible to explain the positive contribution of pore volume variation to increase oil production and decrease free gas production by statistical analysis of principal components, through 60 simulation scenarios varying both the oil properties and the elastic parameters of the rocks.

3
  • CARINE ARAGÃO DE MELLO
  • Motorcycle: Use and Ownership in Reaching Socioeconomic Opportunities

  • Líder : MARIA LEONOR ALVES MAIA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • CINTIA MACHADO DE OLIVEIRA
  • ILCE MARILIA DANTAS PINTO
  • ISABELLE YRUSKA DE LUCENA GOMES BRAGA
  • LEONARDO HERSZON MEIRA
  • LIGIA RABAY MANGUEIRA ARAÚJO
  • Data: 05-feb-2024


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The motorcycle exhibits advantages over other modes of transportation, such as accessibility and speed, in addition to its low acquisition and maintenance costs. These advantages may outweigh the risks associated with this mode of transportation, particularly those linked to motorcycle involvement in traffic incidents. It is discernible that various factors influence motorcycle ownership and usage, making it imperative to investigate how users perceive this mode of transportation. As the motorcycle generates income and facilitates access to employment, education, healthcare, shopping, and leisure, concurrently enabling travel to destinations inaccessible by other means, it fosters urban development and social inclusion. The primary objective of this thesis is to comprehend how motorcycle ownership and usage as a mode of transportation expand access to socio-economic opportunities offered by cities. The hypothesized factors, including income, lack of alternative transportation choices, acquisition and maintenance costs, and the agility of motorcycles, are posited as the main attributes leading users to employ motorcycles for their daily commutes. These factors contribute to the intensified travel for various reasons, including the pursuit of opportunities and activities, as well as exploration of new destinations, thereby broadening the scope of access to opportunities and activities. Collectively, these factors contribute to the social inclusion of motorcycle users, in terms of accessibility and mobility to various activities and territories. To achieve this understanding, a field survey was conducted with motorcycle users who, through a questionnaire, assessed the key factors influencing motorcycle usage and ownership. The structural equation model, utilizing partial least squares estimation (PLS-SEM), was employed to identify socio-economic factors and opportunities attained through motorcycle usage. The results indicate that sociodemographic, economic, urban space-related, psychological, safety-related, travel pattern, and risk perception factors associated with motorcycle use influence motorcycle ownership and usage. These factors contribute to intensified travel for various reasons, expanding the radius of access to opportunities and activities. The motorcycle contributes to social inclusion by catering to a segment of the population with very-low to middle-low income, serving as a practical and agile vehicle that facilitates mobility and provides access to opportunities in urban centers. Due to its vulnerable nature, the motorcycle exposes its users to a higher risk of incidents, pollution exposure, and adverse weather conditions. This situation is associated with poverty and exclusion in transportation. Therefore, the motorcycle simultaneously acts in social inclusion and exclusion, a duality recognized in the analyses.
4
  • ANDERSONN MAGALHÃES DE OLIVEIRA
  • Methodology for Analyzing the Relationships between Land Use Regulation, Real Estate Prices and Urban Mobility

  • Líder : MAURICIO OLIVEIRA DE ANDRADE
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • MARIA LEONOR ALVES MAIA
  • ANISIO BRASILEIRO DE FREITAS DOURADO
  • LIGIA ALBUQUERQUE DE ALCANTARA FERREIRA
  • YARA CRISTINA LABRONICI BAIARDI
  • MÁRCIA REJANE OLIVEIRA BARROS
  • Data: 06-feb-2024


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Urban development, characterized by challenges such as congestion, high building densities, and pollution, demands the implementation of sustainable principles. Integrating transportation infrastructure and urban development, focusing on sustainable mobility, becomes essential (CERVERO, 2013). In Recife, the Law of the Twelve Neighborhoods aimed to control verticalization and congestion, indirectly impacting mobility (LACERDA, 2018). Two decades later, examining its effects on density and benefits for sustainable mobility is relevant. This thesis aims to analyze the impact of land-use regulation policies on mobility and real estate values, developing a methodology to measure the importance attributed by society to sustainable mobility. The methodology involves generating mobility variables through geoprocessing, collecting relevant literature variables, exploratory analysis with graphs and maps, followed by bivariate analysis and regression modeling, initially with traditional variables and then with the inclusion of sustainable mobility variables. The results indicated that the regulatory policy positively impacted land use diversity, but not uniformly. There were isolated increases in the preference for public transportation; however, the policy did not reduce motorized trips nor significantly boost active transportation. The regression model captured some mobility variables as significant in explaining price variation, although it yielded unexpected results, such as devaluation near bus stops. In summary, the Twelve Neighborhoods policy had limitations in achieving its goals efficiently and uniformly but induced changes in mobility and land use. Finally, this thesis innovates by incorporating sustainable mobility variables generated by GIS, despite limitations in generalization and specificity of certain variables. It is recommended that the geographical scope be broadened and more variables included to enhance the model in future studies. This thesis fills gaps by addressing the lack of tools for land-use regulation policies and their influence on sustainable mobility and real estate values.
5
  • FERNANDO GOMES MONTEIRO NETO
  • Corporate Solid Waste Management Index Aimed at Sustainable Logistics Plan in Public Institutions: Case Study in the Brazilian Air Force


  • Líder : MAURICIO ALVES DA MOTTA SOBRINHO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • MARIA ODETE HOLANDA MARIANO
  • DEROVIL ANTONIO DOS SANTOS FILHO
  • MARCELA CONCEIÇÃO DO NASCIMENTO
  • MARISETE DANTAS DE AQUINO
  • RODRIGO CANDIDO PASSOS DA SILVA
  • Data: 26-feb-2024


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  •  Undoubtedly, over the years, the generation of solid waste has been a significant issue both in Brazil and worldwide. Due to certain peculiarities that encompass characteristics of both developing and developed countries, Brazil has faced challenges in the integrated management of solid waste and, consequently, in final disposal, leading to an increasing burden on associated costs. Given the inherent nature of these wastes and the roles commonly assigned to federal agencies, integrated management and the development of methodologies to reduce generation and improve waste reuse have emerged as alternatives to mitigate costs and associated impacts. In this context, the Federal Government established, through Article 16 of Decree 7,746/2012, a planning tool aimed at implementing sustainability practices and rationalizing expenses and processes related to Public Administration, known as the Sustainable Logistics Plan (SLP). This plan includes a specific item for solid waste management. With a focus on full compliance with relevant legislation, environmental conservation, and the application of best practices to reduce costs and improve the quality of life for its personnel, the Brazilian Air Force (FAB) has mandated the development and execution of the SLP throughout the organization. However, as this is a recent process within the institution, monitoring and control mechanisms are necessary for the correct and comprehensive addressing of the subject. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to structure an index for corporate solid waste management based on SLP indicators in public institutions. A military base of the Brazilian Air Force under the Ministry of National Defense was chosen as a pilot unit for the case study. The analysis considered technological routes through gravimetry and the processes generating solid waste, taking into account international guidelines established from the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) and national legislation. The study considered the concepts of the 5Rs outlined in the National Solid Waste Policy, along with the following criteria: i) efficiency; ii) efficacy; iii) effectiveness; iv) cost-effectiveness; v) potential impact; vi) socio-environmental responsibility; and vii) legality. The ultimate expected outcome is the creation of a model for integrated solid waste management regulations that covers the entire organization, standardizing and mandating the use of the presented model in all Military Organizations (MO) within the FAB.

6
  • ALICE JADNEIZA GUILHERME DE ALBUQUERQUE ALMEIDA
  • Application of Biochar From Açaí and Wood Waste in Sanitary Landfill Coverage Layers to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions

  • Líder : JOSE FERNANDO THOME JUCA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • FERNANDO ANTONIO MEDEIROS MARINHO
  • FRANCISCO SUETONIO BASTOS MOTA
  • GUSTAVO FERREIRA SIMOES
  • LEONARDO JOSE DO NASCIMENTO GUIMARAES
  • MARCOS GOMES GHISLANDI
  • Data: 27-feb-2024


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The uncontrolled emission of gases from landfills is a constant concern, which affects local and global levels, since the release of biogas (essentially composed of carbon dioxide-45% and methane-65%) into the atmosphere is one of the main factors that contribute to the greenhouse effect. As a way to minimize environmental impacts, the application of technologies and processes can improve waste disposal methods, allow the use of these gases, as well as reduce the amount of biomass deposited in landfills. In this context, the present work proposes to present an alternative for controlling fugitive emissions in landfills, using waste from açaí processing and pruning wood residues resulting from maintenance activities in urban centers, in order to minimize environmental impacts. and add value to waste. In this way, biochar was produced with these biomasses that would be discarded, for application in soil mixtures, and its subsequent use in final covering layers of landfills to retain biogas. To analyze the relevance of the topic and the novelty of biochar applications in the final covering layers of landfills, a bibliometric study was initially carried out on the topic over the last 10 years across the world. In practical and laboratory terms, biochar was produced from açaí seeds and wood waste, using a gasifier. These biochars (3% mass/mass ratio) were mixed with soil. The testing program was carried out through: physical characterization of natural soil samples and mixtures with biochars (granulometry, real specific mass of grains, consistency limits); microstructural characterization of biochars (Microscopy, SEM, Infrared and XRD Diffraction) and geotechnical characterization of natural soil and mixtures (compaction, shear resistance, water and gas permeability and suction characteristic curve). After the geotechnical tests, three columns were assembled, one with pure soil and the other two with soil mixtures with different biochars, and their behavior was observed when subjected to a flow of methane gas. The application of biochar to the soil provided the material with an increase in the void content and, consequently, an increase in its porosity. This factor meant that samples with biochars showed greater water retention, with air and water permeability of the order of 10-8 m/s. This increase in water retention capacity, provided by biochars, is in turn a favorable point for landfills, as it can contribute to reducing the occurrence of cracks in the covering layers and, consequently, reducing fugitive emissions, a relevant factor mainly in landfills located in arid areas, where there is low rainfall. The insertion of biochars into the soil did not present a considerable change in geotechnical properties, which is a relevant point for their application in landfills. As for the column tests, the insertion of açaí biochar into the natural soil guaranteed an efficiency of 96,8% in methane retention, while biochar from wood waste showed an efficiency of 98,5% in methane retention, with biochar from waste made of wood, which presented the best performance in gas adsorption. Given these results, the application of soil mixtures with biochars suggests an alternative for solving these two urgent problems, the energy use of biomass and the control of fugitive emissions in landfills.

7
  • JESCE JOHN DA SILVA BORGES
  • Collapsible and Expansive Soils in Brazil: Multidisciplinary Approach with an Emphasis on Susceptibility Cartography, Interactive Applications and Artificial Intelligence

  • Líder : SILVIO ROMERO DE MELO FERREIRA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • LEONARDO JOSE DO NASCIMENTO GUIMARAES
  • JOSE FERNANDO THOME JUCA
  • ALEXANDRE DUARTE GUSMAO
  • KATIA VANESSA BICALHO
  • OLAVO FRANCISCO DOS SANTOS JUNIOR
  • Data: 04-mar-2024


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Collapse and expansion soils are responsible for pathologies in various engineering works, leading to financial losses, delays in the schedule, and dissatisfaction among residents. The identification and analysis of the behavior of collapsible and expansive soils aims to establish guiding measures regarding the use and occupation of the soil, as well as preventive measures regarding the planning stages of an enterprise. Technological advances have contributed to the emergence of tools that facilitate the establishment of these measures, such as: Geographic Information System (GIS), Business Intelligence (BI) and Cloud Computing (CN). Based on these technologies, the outlined objectives encompass the  construction of the Special Soils Database (BANDASE) using Google Sheets, the elaboration of susceptibility maps through the QGIS program, the creation of Business Intelligence (BI) dashboards using Google Looker Studio, and the development of applications through Google Earth Engine. The geotechnical data repository resulted in 267 records of collapsible soils and 259 records of expansive soils. In both soil types, the predominance of this data occurred in the Northeast Region, especially in the state of Pernambuco. Based on climatological, pedological and geological conditions, the application of Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) resulted in interpretative maps. Regarding collapsible soils, the results showed high susceptibility in 27.8%, medium in 3.4% and low in 16.8% of the national territory. The absence of collapsible behavior is equivalent to 49.4%. Regarding expansive soils, high susceptibility was found in 35.9%, medium in 9.8% and low in 3.7%. The absence of expansive behavior represents 48.0%. In both soils, water bodies and urban areas correspond to the percentage of 2.6%. The application of BI technology made it possible to transform the large volume of data into relevant information relevant to climatology, pedology, susceptibilities and geotechnical data. Web applications provide agility, practicality and utility due to the speed of processing, the friendly interface and the option of consulting tools in the preliminary stage of engineering projects. This resulted in easy access to information on susceptibility to collapse and expansion to different locations in the Brazilian territory.

8
  • OTHON FIALHO DE OLIVEIRA
  • Challenges of Governance in the Implementation of the Public Policy on Dam Safety: The Case of the Jucazinho Dam in Pernambuco

  • Líder : SUZANA MARIA GICO LIMA MONTENEGRO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • MELISSA CRISTINA PEREIRA GRACIOSA
  • ARTUR PAIVA COUTINHO
  • JOSE ALMIR CIRILO
  • SIMONE ROSA DA SILVA
  • YVONILDE DANTAS PINTO MEDEIROS
  • Data: 15-mar-2024


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The National Dam Safety Policy (PNSB), established by Law No. 12,334/2010, marks a significant milestone in legislation. It sets forth actions to ensure dam safety. However, the implementation of the PNSB faces challenges, particularly in terms of its effectiveness when applied to small-scale and public dam owners, mainly due to maintenance shortcomings. Notable tragedies such as those in Cocal/PI in 2009, Mariana/MG in 2015, and Brumadinho/MG in 2019 spurred improvements in legislation to prevent future accidents. Since then, two evaluations of the PNSB have been conducted: one by the National Water Agency in 2015 and another by the Ministry of Regional Development in 2021, providing insights into the progress of the PNSB and recommendations for enhancement. The evaluations focused on federal institutions, but there is a disparity in policy implementation at federal and state levels, due to different regulations, dam characteristics, and regional hydrological conditions. This research hypothesizes that it is possible to identify enhancements for the national policy through a relevant case study, encompassing: validation of the national evaluation of PNSB in the State; organizational assessments of the dam owner and the regulatory authority; participatory evaluation by the population in the area potentially affected by the dam break; and surveillance campaigns to monitor the conservation status. The selected case study was the Jucazinho Dam, which is the tallest dam in Brazil not used for mining waste containment that is simultaneously classified in the “high” risk category and “high” potential associated damage category. Despite its strategic role in water supply and flood control, the dam remained in an “alert” state for nearly seventeen years due to structural issues. Jucazinho is managed by the National Department of Works Against Droughts (Dnocs), which manages the largest number of dams in Brazil. Regarding the results, in terms of validating the evaluation of the PNSB by Apac/PE, it was found that there is considerable agreement with the diagnosis and proposed initiatives, satisfaction with the outcomes, but the effectiveness of the policy framework and the quality of governance were considered to be average. Additionally, risk management was identified as a critical issue. Organizational assessments revealed limitations faced by the regulatory authority, such as lack of resources to cover all regulated dams, necessitating prioritization of actions. For the dam owner, it was found that Dnocs dams in the State of Pernambuco are generally in poor condition due to inconsistent management, lack of workforce replacement, and insufficient resources for maintenance and recovery. As alternatives, it is advisable to seek further involvement from the ministry to which the DNOCS is linked and to look for new funding sources to cover the operation and maintenance of the infrastructure. From the population's perspective, the main issues concerning water resources are pollution, floods, and dam safety, highlighting the need to improve communication and environmental education. Finally, the importance of an interinstitutional, integrated, collaborative, and participatory approach is emphasized to enhance the effectiveness of the PNSB and to raise public awareness of the risks.

9
  • ANTONIO ITALCY DE OLIVEIRA JUNIOR
  • Study of the Geotechnical Behavior and Bioremediation of a Sandy Clay Soil Contaminated by Diesel Oil

  • Líder : JOSE FERNANDO THOME JUCA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • MAURICIO ALVES DA MOTTA SOBRINHO
  • ANTONIO THOMÉ
  • KARLA SALVAGNI HEINECK
  • KATIA VANESSA BICALHO
  • SANDRO LEMOS MACHADO
  • Data: 22-mar-2024


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Fuel contamination in soil can cause changes in physical, chemical and geotechnical characteristics, requiring remediation. However, few studies have been carried out with tropical soils in Brazil, especially soils from the interior of the Northeast. The objective of the work is to analyze the behavior of soil in Caruaru-PE due to contamination by diesel oil and propose bioremediation. Contaminations with 0, 2, 4 and 8% diesel oil were analyzed. Physical characterization (granulometry, real grain density and Atterberg limits), chemical characterization (pH, organic matter content and FRX), and evaluation of hydromechanical behavior (compaction, direct shear and oedometric compression in flooded and non-flooded conditions) were carried out. saturated hydraulic conductivity, characteristic curve and collapse potential). For bioremediation, the biopile technique was used using 5% and 10% of organic compound and biosolids from WWTP, alone, as structuring materials. The presence of the contaminant made the soil texture coarser, reduced the plasticity index and pH, the organic matter content increased, the shearresistance parameters reduced considerably (up to 100% in cohesion and 40,6% in the friction angle) , the compressibility increased (up to 42.1% in the compression index and 76.6% in the decompression index), the collapse potential also increased (up to 5.09%), the hydraulic conductivity reduced and, the matrix suction reduced. The biopile technique promoted the removal of up to 91% of total petroleum hydrocarbons using 10% organic compound as structuring material, in 180 days of treatment. Therefore, it is concluded that the contamination had adverse effects on the soil from a geotechnical point of view and that the treatment proposal using biopiles proved to be a viable alternative for soil remediation.

10
  • ALINE CATIA DA SILVA
  • Hydromechanical, Tensile, Desiccation Cracking Behavior and Application of Fracture Mechanics in an Expansive Soil Reinforced with PET Fibers

  • Líder : SILVIO ROMERO DE MELO FERREIRA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • LEONARDO JOSE DO NASCIMENTO GUIMARAES
  • JOAQUIM TEODORO ROMAO DE OLIVEIRA
  • MICHELE DAL TOE CASAGRANDE
  • SANDRO LEMOS MACHADO
  • STELA FUCALE SUKAR
  • Data: 25-mar-2024


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The soils are the essential support raw material for Civil Construction, however they can present problematic characteristics when subject to moinsture variations, such as expansive clays that expand or contract. On the other hand, growing industrialization results in increased waste production, especially plastics such as Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET), which are often disposed of inadequately. The use of PET materials by recycling programs is limited, and it is an option to incorporate them into Civil Construction through soil reinforcement. The present study investigates the hydromechanical, traction and cracking behavior of an expansive soil compacted and mixed with fibers from the manufacture of PET, in the percentages of 0,25%, 0,5%, 0,75%, 1% and 2% dry weight and lengths of 12 mm. In addition, we seek to apply the concepts of fracture mechanics and understand the effect reinforcement PET fibers on expansive soil. The higher contents of PET fibers incorporated into the soil reduce the maximum dry specific weight and optimum moinsture, cause increases in “free” expansion and reduce the expansion stress. The yield stresses and stiffening stresses soil in the squeeze-flow tests and the resistances to simple compression and diametrical compression are increased by the incorporation of PET fibers, however these have little effect on the hydraulic conductivity of the soil. The process of formation and propagation of cracks in drying the expansive soil was analyzed, and a reduction in the development of cracks was obtained as the fiber content increased. Equipment was designed, adapted and built in the laboratory to evaluate direct traction and fracture toughness. In direct tensile tests, the PET fibers prolong the time to failure, develop residual tensile stresses after failure, and increase the direct tensile strength of the soil. The method used in fracture toughness tests allows estimating fracture mechanics parameters on the soil and the fracture load increases with the reduction of the initial length of already existing cracks from 30 mm to 15 mm. The PET fibers increase the fracture load capacity of the expansive soil, confirming the good soil-fiber interaction and the benefits of reinforcement.

2023
Disertaciones
1
  • PEDRO AUGUSTO ALVES PRADO
  • Use of Remote Sensing for Zoning Areas Susceptible to the Occurrence of Land Subsidence and Landslides

  • Líder : SYLVANA MELO DOS SANTOS
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ANDERSON LUIZ RIBEIRO DE PAIVA
  • DIEGO CEZAR DOS SANTOS ARAÚJO
  • JAIME JOAQUIM DA SILVA PEREIRA CABRAL
  • Data: 30-ene-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The increase in population and urbanization in a disorderly way result in several problems in the urban environment and in the environment, which causes the occurrence of phenomena such as land subsidence and landslides, which can cause serious damage to property and lives. The use of effective tools to determine the areas most susceptible to the occurrence of such phenomena makes it easier for the government to allocate resources more assertively. The methodology employed in this research seeks, through the use of open access databases, geoprocessing and remote sensing tools, the simplified and quick elaboration of maps that point out the areas most susceptible to the phenomena. The research was carried out considering the area of the city of Recife - PE, considering that in the planning areas the susceptibility to the occurrence of the land subsidence phenomenon was pointed out and in the hill  areas, the susceptibility to landslides. For the plain areas, three parameters were checked: land use and occupation, concentration of wells in each neighborhood and tendency towards lowering or recovery of aquifer levels. In the hill areas, three parameters were also analyzed, the use and occupation of the land, the slope of the land and the number of residences that dispose of wastewater without using pipes in each of the neighborhoods. To obtain such data, information from the BDE, HIDROREC III, and images from the Sentinel-2A satellite and the Topodata project were used. Maps were generated determining the susceptibility of the areas for each of the criteria and later, to obtainthe patch maps, the map algebra method was used, which consists of assigning weights to each of the analyzed criteria and superimposing the different themes. As a result, two patch maps were obtained, one that determines the areas most susceptible to the phenomenon of land subsidence (map 1) and another for landslides (map 2). To validate maps 1 and 2, scientific productions and information recorded in the local media were used. For the plain areas, the neighborhoods of Casa Forte, Parnamirim, Tamarineira, Aflitos, Graças, Espinheiro, Derby, Paissandu and Soledade were the ones with the highest concentration of susceptibility indicators for the phenomenon, with a weight of 6 in the map classification. In the hill areas, the neighborhoods with the highest degree of susceptibility were: Brejo da Guabiraba, Córrego do Jenipapo, Nova Descoberta, Vasco da Gama, Alto José Bonifácio, Morro da Conceição, Alto José do Pinho, Alto Santa Terezinha, Linha do Tiro, Beberibe and Jordan. The low number of scientific productions and the absence of journalistic articles referring to the occurrence of subsidence in the city of Recife made it difficult to validate the patch map for subsidence. Hence, it was only possible to certify the occurrence of soil subsidence in the neighborhoods of Arruda and Campo Grande, identified as weight 4 on map 1. For map 2 (landslide) it was possible to find journalistic articles in the period between 2017 and 2022 for all neighborhoods classified with a weight of 6. In academia, it was also possible to identify great similarity when compared to more recent scientific productions. In view of the low cost of elaboration and the ease of obtaining data, the use of SR and GIS techniques, aligned with the use of open access databases, indicated that it is a good technology for the elaboration of susceptibility maps.

2
  • IGOR VASCONCELOS DE LACERDA
  • Numerical Simulation of Compositional Flow in Petroleum Reservoirs Using a Fully Implicit Formulation

  • Líder : PAULO ROBERTO MACIEL LYRA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • FERNANDO RAUL LICAPA CONTRERAS
  • MÁRCIO RODRIGO DE ARAÚJO SOUZA
  • RAMIRO BRITO WILLMERSDORF
  • Data: 30-ene-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • In the oil industry, the numerical simulation of reservoirs is a widely used tool to investigate the effect of different injection or production strategies, optimization of field production and evaluation of uncertainties, since the equations that govern the mathematical model of a reservoir cannot be solved by analytical methods for general problems. Of the most adopted fluid models, Black-Oil and compositional stand out. The Black-Oil model is widely used in the reservoir simulation due to its relative ease of implementation and relatively low computation-al cost. However, for the simulation of more complex problems, such as the application of Enhanced Oil Recovery techniques, volatile oil reservoirs (example of the Brazilian pre-salt) or condensate gas, it is necessary to apply the compositional model to achieve results more accurate and physically adequate. The solution of the compositional model involves a complex system of equations whose solution represents, until today, a great challenge from the computational point of view. Several solution algorithms arise from the combination of different primary variable selections and decoupling techniques. In this work, we present a Fully Implicit (FI) formulation using Cartesian meshes for the compositional simulation with the use of Equations of State (EOS) for modeling the phases behavior. We adopt the following assumptions: isothermal flow; there are up to three phases in the reservoir (water, oil and gas); there is no mass exchange between the water and hydrocarbon phases; capillary pressure and physical dispersion are neglected. For the diffusive terms of the equations describing the mathematical model, we discretize using the Finite Volume Method with the Two-Point Flux Approxima-tion (TPFA), while for the advective terms we apply the first-order upstream weighting. This simulator was created in an integrated environment together with other projects developed by members of the PADMEC group at UFPE. The Python language was used in the implementation, resorting to the vectorization of operations in the search for better computational performance. In this environment, two sequential formulations have already been elaborated (one IMPEC and one IMPSAT), and as a contribution to this work, a Totally Implicit formulation was added. Our formulation is evaluated by solving 1-D and 2-D problems found in literature and the results are promising, providing a basis for future implementation of more complex models, such as an expansion to non-isothermal formulation and suitability for implementation using unstructured meshes.

3
  • MARILIA MARQUES VELLOSO DA SILVEIRA
  • Study of Co-digestion of Glycerol, vinasse, and Microalgae Applying Simplex Ccentroid Design

  • Líder : MARIO TAKAYUKI KATO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • CAMILA APARECIDA DE MENEZES
  • LUCIANO MATOS QUEIROZ
  • MAURICIO ALVES DA MOTTA SOBRINHO
  • Data: 31-ene-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • In recent decades, waste production from biofuel industries and sewage treatment plants has increased significantly with the world's energy demand and population increase in many countries. In this scenario, the sustainable management of large amounts of waste also becomes increasingly challenging. In the present study, experiments were carried out with 300-mL anaerobic reactors for the co-digestion of glycerol (G), sugarcane vinasse (V), and microalgae biomass (M) in a single batch. The objective was to evaluate its potential for use in the production of products with added value, treating organic waste, and avoiding environmental pollution if disposed off improperly. The conditions for the mixtures were chosen through the centroid simplex experimental design, and all mixtures' metabolite concentrations were determined by liquid chromatography. Analysis of the concentration data resulted in two response surface models that describe the effect of substrate mix ratio on overall yield and concentration, respectively, of 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PDO) and acetic acid. The models obtained revealed that the yield of 1,3-PDO (mol 1,3-PDO.mol-1 gly) was influenced in different ways by varying the mixing proportions: test 4 (50%G; 50%V) (0.63); test 5 (50%G; 50%M) (0.47), and test 7 (33%G; 33%V; 33%M) (0.60). Practically, all tests had yields superior to test 1 (100%G) (0.42). An important occurrence was the elongation of the chain for valeric and caproic acids in tests 1, 2 (100%V), and 4. Although the binary and ternary mixtures were not synergistic, the concentration of acetic acid was higher mainly in the mixtures with the presence of glycerol and vinasse, tests 8 (66%G; 17%V; 17%M); 9 (17%G; 66%V; 17%M) and 5. This indicates that G, V, and M can be co-digested without compromising the overall yield of 1,3-PDO, making the application of co-digestion more flexible. Genera such as Actinobaculum, Clostridium, Parabacteroides, and Sporanaerobacter were predominant in the tests. Overall results suggest that anaerobic co-digestion is a viable means for the simultaneous treatment and recovery of mixtures of G, V, and M, which are important organic wastes.

4
  • ANDERSON MATHEUS DE SOUSA LIMA
  • Safety Assessment and Computational Modeling in Pernambuco Dams

  • Líder : ARTUR PAIVA COUTINHO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ALFREDO RIBEIRO NETO
  • MARIA ISABELA MARQUES DA CUNHA VIEIRA BELLO
  • SAULO DE TARSO MARQUES BEZERRA
  • Data: 01-feb-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Dams are infrastructures that, in general, serve the multiple uses of water resources, in which their implementation requires appropriate planning, compliance with legal requirements and a specially designed safety limit plan. In this sense, the objectives of this research were based on verifying the effect of different resolutions of digital terrain models (SRTM, PE3D 5m and PE3D 30m) in the flood spots of the hypothetical rupture of the Serra dos Cavalos and Guilherme Azevedo dams. In addition, analyze the security level in these and in other 36 (thirty-six) buses. In this context, a methodological path was followed that consisted in determining the rupture hydrographs of the Serra dos Cavalos dam and Guilherme Azevedo dam, whose entrepreneur is the Departamento Nacional de Obras Contra a Seca – DNOCS, observing the propagation of the flood wave that occurred after of the ruptures of these dams, mapping the potentially floodable places and, thus, comparing the flood spots produced through the digital models of the terrain. Modeling was performed using the HEC-RAS software. The second analysis regarding dam safety was focused on the application of the Dam Safety Index - ISB, proposed by Zuffo's methodology (2005), in dams under the jurisdiction of DNOCS in the state of Pernambuco, made possible through documents of the Agreement between this body and the Federal University of Pernambuco – UFPE, in 2021. In this way, the research found that because the Serra dos Cavalos dam is made of earth, the rupture of the breach takes time to happen, in relation to the Guilherme Azevedo Dam, in which the rupture of the breach occurs more quickly, since the final structure is made of concrete. (existence of another dam downstream). One can see the dimension of the impact on life that the floodplain can help to prevent, the most refined coming from the digital land model PE3D 5m, which indicates the smaller number of homes affected, possibly because it is more accurate in its resolution. Finally, with the application of the ISB, it was verified that more than half of the evaluated dams exhibited “unsatisfactory condition” in relation to safety, while the rest presented “deficient condition”. This work, then, verified that in the case of study of dam rupture for the elaboration of the PAE, a spatial resolution of 5 m is suggested for MDT's acquired through aerial surveys with LiDAR laser. Also, there is a warning about the dams analyzed, since the evaluation placed them between unsatisfactory and deficient conditions.

5
  • PEDRO VICTOR PAIXÃO ALBUQUERQUE
  • Finite Volume Method with Muiltipoint Flux and Stress Approximations Using Harmonic Points for Solving Poroelasticity Problems

  • Líder : DARLAN KARLO ELISIARIO DE CARVALHO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ALESSANDRO ROMARIO ECHEVARRIA ANTUNES
  • IGOR FERNANDES GOMES
  • LEONARDO JOSE DO NASCIMENTO GUIMARAES
  • Data: 03-feb-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Modeling physical phenomena and how they interact with each another is at the core of Science and Engineering. In the present work, the phenomenon of interest is the so called Poroelasticy, which is a field of science that studies the relationship between fluid flow and solid deformation within a porous media. This theory have several applications such as in Geotechnical and Petroleum Engineering, Hydrogeology and even in Medicine and Biology, to name a few. In the context of Petroleum Reservoir Engineering, until recently, the reservoir rocks mechanical response was neglected, to reduce simulations costs, since the main phenomena of interest was how the fluid flows inside the reservoir. The presence of a freely moving fluid in a porous rock modifies its mechanical response and, in return, this mechanical response influences the fluid flow inside the pore. The mathematical modeling of the aforementioned physical phenomena results in a set of partial differential equations which only have proper analytical solutions in simple, non-realistic cases. However, with the development of numerical and computational tools, approximate solutions can be obtained, thus allowing the understanding and prediction of the behavior of such physical phenomena.  The mathematical model used in the present work is based on Biot's theory of poroelasticity with the following assumptions for the solid phase: Quasi-static loading; Plane Strain; Infinitesimal Strain; Isotropic Linear Elasticity; Compressible Solid Matrix and; Isothermal Deformation; and the following assumptions for the fluid phase: Single Phase Fluid; Slightly Compressible Fluid; Newtonian Fluid; Isothermal flow and; No gravitational effects. The set of Differential Equations were approximated via a unified finite volume framework, using a Multipoint Flux Approximation using Harmonic Points for both the fluid and solid equations, with a co-located variable arrangement and the Rhie-Chow interpolation, along with a Backwards Euler Scheme for temporal integration. The coupling between pressure and displacement was done via the fixed-strain split. The numerical modeling described in the present work is verified using benchmark problems found in the Poroelasticiy Literature. The results presented shows the numerical model is capable of producing robust and accurate approximated solutions, with both structured and unstructured meshes.

6
  • DANIELA DOS SANTOS SANTANA
  • The Simplex Method for Substrate-Inoculum Design for Optimizing Biomethane Production fron Fruit and Vegetable Waste

  • Líder : MARIA ODETE HOLANDA MARIANO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • MARIA ODETE HOLANDA MARIANO
  • ALESSANDRA LEE BARBOSA FIRMO
  • LAIS ROBERTA GALDINO DE OLIVEIRA
  • LILIANA ANDRÉA DOS SANTOS
  • Data: 09-feb-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Anaerobic digestion (AD) is one of the most widely used bioconversion technologies for the production of renewable energy from organic waste due to its ability to convert organic carbon into CH4 and CO2. Therefore, the aim of the present work was to quantitatively investigate the influence of inocula mixing on the digestion of fruit and vegetable waste (FVW) for enhanced biomethane production. The inocula mixture consisted of digestate from an anaerobic digester inoculated with anaerobic sludge from an AD plant, liquid biofertilizer, cattle rumen content and anaerobic sludge. The results show that digestion of FVW with an inoculum ratio of 25 %:75 % liquid biofertilizer and rumen fluid respectively, is an optimum for enhancement of biomethane production (453.12 Nml/gSV), while digestion with a ratio of 25 %:75 % liquid biofertilizer and digestate from a AD plant resulted in the lowest biomethane production (256.7 Nml/gSV). The overall results indicate that the presence of rumen fluid in the inocula mixture had a significant effect, a synergy between biofertilizer and rumen, on increasing biomethane production and anaerobic biodegradability of FVW and thus may contribute to higher efficiency in AD. While the presence of digestate in the inocula mixture had a negative effect, an antagonism between biofertilizer and digestate.

7
  • MARCO ANTONIO FIGUEIROA DA SILVA CABRAL
  • A methodology for Assessing the Integrity of Corroded Pipelines Based on a Database

  • Líder : RAMIRO BRITO WILLMERSDORF
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • RENATO DE SIQUEIRA MOTTA
  • JOSE MARIA ANDRADE BARBOSA
  • JOSE ANGELO PEIXOTO DA COSTA
  • Data: 13-feb-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Pipelines are one of the safest and cheapest means of transporting large amounts of oil and gas, making pipelines important to the industry. Corrosion is among the main causes of leaks in pipelines. This makes the structural integrity analysis of pipelines with corrosion defects of great importance for the industry. Among the forms of integrity evaluation are the semi-empirical methods, which have a low computational cost but have conservative results, and the numerical methods, which provide results close to the experimental ones but have a high computational and skilled labor cost. As an option to these methods, there are metamodels, which offer a low cost of evaluation and results close to those obtained experimentally. One problem in creating metamodels is the scarcity of quality data, such as finite element analysis results and experimental tests. In this context, the objective of this research is the development of a failure pressure prediction technology for corroded pipelines based on the results of numerical simulations stored in a database. A set of models was defined, with an idealized, simple, dimensions, and material curve. Finite element analysis was used to evaluate the models and the analysis results, along with model data, were stored in a database. Such a database can be accessed remotely through an API. These data can be used to estimate the failure pressure of new models that dimensionsare within the range of design variables. The finite element models were validated with experimental results found in the literature. The data present in the system were used to generate metamodels and the failure pressure prediction results were compared with results obtained through finite element analysis and semi-empirical methods. Furthermore, reliability analyzes were carried out, the results were compared against results obtained through standards and a study was realized to determine the influence of design variables in the computation of failure pressure. The results obtained through metamodels are more precise than those derived from semi-empirical methods and less expensive than those using finite elements.

8
  • ANNY VIRGÍNIA SOUZA DE LIMA
  • Application of Machine Learning Techniques and Sensitivity Analysis of Injection Pressure in Reactivation of Geological Fault Zones Scenar

  • Líder : LEONARDO JOSE DO NASCIMENTO GUIMARAES
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • BERNARDO HOROWITZ
  • JONATHAN DA CUNHA TEIXEIRA
  • MANOEL PORFIRIO CORDAO NETO
  • Data: 15-feb-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Geological faults are common structures in oil reservoirs that can act as channels facilitating flow or as sealing barriers. During hydrocarbon exploration, the pressure within the reservoir varies, causing a mechanical response in the medium that can lead to the phenomenon of fault reactivation. This occurs when rock deformations re-open the fault, increasing its permeability and allowing fluid flow. In this work, a sensitivity analysis was carried out to study the influence of different injection scenarios on deformation, shear stress, permeability, liquid pressure and fluid flow in geological fault zones. To do this, the CODE_BRIGHT software was used, a simulator based on the finite element method, where the hydromechanical coupling is done in an implicit way and the elastoplastic model used to represent the mechanical behavior of the fault was the Drucker Prager model. In addition, it was possible to implement machine learning algorithms such as Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) using the Mohr Coulomb analytical model to classify scenarios of reactivation of geological faults. These models were implemented in Python programming language with libraries already established in the literature for the mentioned methods. The results of the sensitivity analysis showed that increases in injection pressure are responsible for fault reactivation, associated with increasing plastic deformations and the development of pore pressure and fluid flow in the length of the fault. A limit was found for this injection pressure, which would not reactivate the fault. Higher injection pressures can turn the fault into a conduit that can lead to fluid loss and reservoir depressurization, among other problems related to fault reactivation. The fault reactivation classification models had excellent performance for both LDA and ANN and can be a preliminary approach to evaluate reactivation scenarios. They can also incorporate numerical solutions and laboratory data on geomechanical characterization to increase the complexity and generality of these techniques.

9
  • DANIELA MARIA FERNANDES TAVARES
  • Performance Analysis of a Hydrological Model to Land Use Input Data Obtained through Vegetation Index for the Pajeú River Hydrographic Basin

  • Líder : SUZANA MARIA GICO LIMA MONTENEGRO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ALFREDO RIBEIRO NETO
  • JOSICLEDA DOMICIANO GALVINCIO
  • RICHARDE MARQUES DA SILVA
  • Data: 15-feb-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The understanding and creation of land use data are fundamental for the integrated analysis and proposition of improvements of water management tools in a hydrographic basin. Distinguishing different land use patterns and how sensitive this factor is in hydrological models is extremely important to understand water dynamics, guarantee security and access to water. Thus, this work aimed to analyze land use products in the performance of simulations of surface flows in the area of the watershed of the Pajeú river, in the State of Pernambuco. To obtain land use maps for the years 2002 and 2015, a remote sensing technique was used, the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). For hydrological modeling of the basin, the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model was used for two stages: (i) simulation without parameter adjustment and (ii) simulation with adjusted parameters. For the first stage, two simulations were carried out, one for each land use map, and then it was analyzed which map had the best performance in simulating flow when compared to the observed data set (in situ). In the second stage, the parameter adjustment procedure was carried out in the SWAT-CUP, where the land use map that previously obtained the best performance was used, and finally the flow values were compared to the observed data set and the flow values obtained by the simulation of the SUPer. The results indicated that in relation to changes in land use, there was an increase in the area of exposed soil classes (2.83%) and undergrowth (12.96%) and a decrease in areas of shrubby vegetation (12.43%) and arboreal (3.12%) when comparing the 2002 and 2015 maps. The analysis of the model performance without parameter adjustment showed that the simulation with the input of land use from 2002 provided positive results for the five fluviometric stations (NS, PBIAS and R2). As for the 2015 land use map, the performance was not satisfactory, obtaining negative values for the fluviometric stations. The comparison between the SUPer simulation, the simulation for the 2002 land use map and the observed data (in situ) showed that for the five fluviometric stations the values obtained followed the same graphic behavior, however with statistical parameters varying downwards. The parameter adjustments step demonstrated that the model without calibration obtained positive responses for flow even with the variation of the land use input data. In general, the changes resulting from land use in the Pajeú river basin indicated an increase in areas with less dense vegetation, which may be an indication of biome degradation in the Pajeú river basin. In this context, it can be said that the use of vegetation indices as input for land use in the SWAT model showed a favorable behavior when compared to the observed data.

10
  • AGNES ADAM DUARTE PINHEIRO
  • Anaerobic Codigestion of Algae Biomass and Vinasse for Methane Production

  • Líder : WANDERLI ROGERIO MOREIRA LEITE
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • JORGE MANUEL RODRIGUES TAVARES
  • FABRICIO MOTTERAN
  • MARIA DO CARMO MARTINS SOBRAL
  • Data: 23-feb-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Microalgae are a promising substrate for energy recovery through methane production via anaerobic digestion. However, the resistance to hydrolysis due to the composition of the cell wall, and consequently the low carbon ratio (C/N) is considered one of the main limiting factors of its biodegradability. In this sense, to improve the C/N ratio and the biodegradability of algal biomass (BA), sugarcane vinasse (V) as a cosubstrate for anaerobic codigestion, aiming at an increase in methane (CH4) yield. Thus, tests of the biochemical methane potential (BMP) were carried out, designed to verify whether the mixture provided better stability and yield conditions. The co-digestion of the substrates provided a 120% increase in the CH4 yield and a 12% increase in the synergistic effect in relation to that obtained in the anaerobic digestion of algal biomass. From the BMP tests, the scaling of the co-digestion process was tested in a two-stage reactor system, an acidogenic reactor (RA) that had HRT and OLR of 4 days and 5.26 kg. m-3. d-1, and a methanogenic reactor with HRT and OLR of 22 days and 0.26 kg. m-3. d-1, respectively. In the two-stage reactors, three distinct phases were analyzed in an operational period of 270 days, anaerobic digestion of vinasse (Phase I), anaerobic co-digestion of V and BA (Phase II) and anaerobic co-digestion of V and pre-treated BA (Phase III). The addition of algal biomass, Phase II, provided an average VFA production of 4858.38 mg. L-1, higher concentrations achieved between the three phases. Biomass pre-treatment resulted in higher methane production in the RM during Phase III, with maximum values of 342 NmL CH4.gCOD-1ad, and average yield of 178 ± 66 NmL CH4.gCOD-1ad. Co-digestion with vinasse provided greater nutritional balance, and phase separation favored the formation of VFA and its conversion to methane. The pre-treatment of the biomass boosted the methanogenic reactions since the highest methane productions were obtained in this situation.

11
  • JAILSON SILVA ALVES
  • Analysis of SAR Interferometry in Geotechnical Monitoring: Potentialities and Limitations

  • Líder : ROBERTO QUENTAL COUTINHO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • IGOR FERNANDES GOMES
  • SAUL BARBOSA GUEDES
  • WENDSON DE OLIVEIRA SOUZA
  • Data: 23-feb-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Interferometry is a SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar) radar image processing technique that allows obtaining Digital Elevation Models, surface displacement measurements and assistance for monitoring large areas and/or engineering constructions. In this sense, this paper aims to present and discuss the contributions of SAR interferometry (InSAR) for monitoring and geotechnical follow-up, highlighting its potentialities and limitations through the technical literature. In order to do that, literary research was carried out in a hybrid format, with a systematic review on the proposed theme, choosing concepts, formulations and aspects related to the operation of the technique and a bibliometric survey through the SCOPUS platform on InSAR applications with emphasis on monitoring geotechnical, choosing case studies from the literature in the areas of subsidence, slopes and dams. As a result, theoretical aspects of the operation of SAR radars are addressed, including their characteristics, orbital and terrestrial systems, types of imaging geometry and principles of image processing using interferometry. The analysis through the bibliometric review presents an overview of the publications in the last five years, showing the number of publications, the list of the most cited authors, as well as a technical approach to the current state of dissemination of the InSAR theme in geotechnics. Case studies in the literature with an emphasis on geotechnical applications allowed exploring the potential of InSAR, evidencing its capabilities for observing large areas, time series of long-term displacement, aptitude for composing monitoring programs, directing the implementation of instruments in situ and association of interferometric data with other types of data, such as weather. In addition to InSAR's capabilities, this paper also addresses some precautions when using the technology, highlighting its advantages, limitations and the tool's evolution prospects for geotechnics and other areas. From the study approach, it was possible to highlight technical aspects, as well as explore the field of possibilities of InSAR technology for traditional areas of study of geotechnics. In this way, the paper contributes to the understanding and dissemination of this knowledge, aiming to highlight InSAR characteristics for geotechnical monitoring systems.

12
  • ÁTALA REBECA DA SILVA ÁVILA
  • Use of the Nutrients Contained in Treated Wastewater and Sludge for the Production of Essential Oils

  • Líder : MARIO TAKAYUKI KATO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • BRUNA SCANDOLARA MAGNUS
  • KENIA KELLY BARROS DA SILVA
  • RONALDO STEFANUTTI
  • Data: 23-feb-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Prolonged drought events and the need to reduce the use of mineral fertilizers have led farmers to seek more sustainable alternative cultivation techniques, among which is the use of treated wastewater and sanitized sludge in fertigation and organic fertilization, respectively, of crops. Aromatic herbs produce essential oils that are widely used in the industrial sector, in food, and in therapeutic treatments. Basil (Ocimum basilicum) is a world-renowned herb belonging to the Lamiaceae family. Basil leaves are employed in folk medicine as a remedy for various ailments, such as diarrhea, nausea, pain, and bronchitis. In addition, the essential oil extracted from basil contains active constituents with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties. Brazil is the leader in the exportation ranking of essential oil in volume. The objective of this research was to analyze the influence of the cultivation of basil limoncino in poorly fertile soil irrigated with treated wastewater and fertilized with sanitized sludge, in relation to the production and chemical composition of its essential oil. The experimental design was in randomized blocks and the planting took place in a greenhouse. A nutrient-poor soil was used and traditional chemical fertilization was performed for a control treatment and fertilization with sanitized sludge (biosolids). Irrigation management was done by checking soil moisture by matricial potential, using puncture tensiometers, using treated sewage and water supply. The plants were harvested 91 days after sowing, and the essential oil was extracted from the basil leaves by hydrodistillation using a Clevenger apparatus. From the analysis of the results of nutritional composition, morphology, health, yield and composition of the essential oil of basil leaves, it can be said that the use of treated wastewater and biosolids are a way to reduce spending on chemical fertilizers and contribute to sustainable agricultural management, since part of the parameters studied remained linear while others improved compared to traditional basil cultivation.

13
  • HANNA BARRETO DE ARAÚJO FALCÃO MOREIRA
  • GNSS Positioning in Geotechnical Monitoring: Applications, Advantages, Limitations and Trends

  • Líder : ROBERTO QUENTAL COUTINHO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • IGOR FERNANDES GOMES
  • SAUL BARBOSA GUEDES
  • WENDSON DE OLIVEIRA SOUZA
  • Data: 24-feb-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The positioning method with GNSS is shown to be a viable alternative for monitoring displacements on the Earth's surface. Therefore, the objective of this work was to present the functioning and operation of this monitoring technique, as well as its applicability in the geotechnical monitoring program, to be used on slopes, subsidence areas and dams. The research was developed through the analysis of technical publications, in a hybrid way, that is, a literature consultation to establish important concepts, highlighting the functioning and operation of the positioning method with GNSS, as well as a bibliometric review in the database of the Scopus, with scientific articles on its application for monitoring slopes, subsidence and dams. Initially, theoretical concepts about GNSS are presented, in particular about the types of existing constellations, the associated errors, the positioning methods, in order to establish a foundation for the applications. The bibliometric review presented, in a quantitative way, the articles that were published in the last five years, the institutions involved, and the related journals, among others. From then on, there is an analysis of the publications, and it is possible to highlight that the positioning method with GNSS allows the measurement of surface displacements in a remote, automated and real-time way, providing readings for the three directions in short time intervals and with high precision, being able to be integrated with other instruments (rain gauge) and with a control and warning system. This work also presents some contributions with regard to care for the use of the technique, advantages and limitations, and trends in advance to improve positioning and accuracy methods. Therefore, this work seeks to add knowledge of the GNSS positioning technique, also demonstrating the applications in the geotechnical environment.

14
  • HITALO JOSÉ TAVARES DE ARAÚJO
  • Influence of the Use of Tire Fibers on Hydromechanical Behavior and Mitigation of Crack Propagation in Expansive Soil

  • Líder : SILVIO ROMERO DE MELO FERREIRA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • JOAQUIM TEODORO ROMAO DE OLIVEIRA
  • MARIA ISABELA MARQUES DA CUNHA VIEIRA BELLO
  • MARIA ODETE HOLANDA MARIANO
  • Data: 24-feb-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Expansive soils stand out as some of the most problematic soils due to the great possibility of causing pathologies in constructions due to their nature of volumetric change with the variation of their humidity. The use of soil stabilization techniques to change their unwanted geotechnical characteristics is necessary. The incorporation of tire fiber in the soil has proved to be an interesting option as it makes it possible to reuse tires improperly discarded in nature. The aim, therefore, in this work, is to analyze the mitigation capacity of the volumetric changes and deleterious cracks that can appear in an expansive soil of Paulista-PE with the insertion of tire fibers with mixtures of 0.25%, 0.5%, 1% and 2% in relation to the dry soil weight. The research program included the preparation, physical characterization and investigation of the hydromechanical behavior of natural soil samples and mixtures with tire fibers, verifying changes in soil properties. Comparing with natural soil, all tire fiber contents maintained the same order of magnitude of 10-8 cm/s for hydraulic conductivity. In the squeeze-flow test, at the liquid limit humidity, the yield stress and initial stiffening stress, with the 2% content, obtained the highest values: 7.75 and 3.67 times above. At the plasticity limit humidity, the highest value of the initial stiffening stress occurred with 1%: 2.37 times greater. The “free” expansion had the lowest value in the 2% content samples: a reduction of 23.56%. The expansion stress had the lowest value with a content of 1%: 19.53% lower. The unconfined compressive strength had a higher value with 1%: an increase of 19.46%. For tensile strength, the 2% content had the highest value: 31.32% above. The 2% content obtained the highest shear strengths for all normal stresses. For 200 kPa, it increased by 7.23%. Mixtures with fibers, in general, retained more water than the natural soil for the same suction value. In the drying cracking tests, the 1% sample resulted in a greater reduction in the cracking intensity factor (CIF): 21.16% lower. Therefore, the inclusion of tire fibers promoted improvements in important geotechnical characteristics of the expansive soil, as well as a significant reduction in soil cracking.

15
  • SILVÂNIO DA SILVA SOUSA SEGUNDO
  • Evaluation of Contamination in the Maceió River (Pitimbu/PB)

  • Líder : MAURICIO ALVES DA MOTTA SOBRINHO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • JAIME JOAQUIM DA SILVA PEREIRA CABRAL
  • CLAUDIA DE OLIVEIRA CUNHA
  • MARISETE DANTAS DE AQUINO
  • Data: 24-feb-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • In this work, the analysis of the conditions of the physical-chemical parameters of the waters of the Maceió River, Pitimbu/PB, an important watercourse that crosses the city and its main points, will be carried out, as well as the presence of microplastics will be analyzed, with their due characterization, in the sands of the beach of the municipality, adjacent to the mentioned river. The indices of color, turbidity, oxygen demand (BOD), pH, conductivity, among others, will be analyzed. The municipality lacks basic sanitation services, in addition to disposing of its solid waste in an old dump, its waters are constantly polluted by the local population, which discards all kinds of material in the watercourse, from organic materials to appliances and furniture. The strong population and urban growth, linked to the increase in seasonal tourism, especially in the summer months, registered in the region, call attention to the need to characterize and treat this body of water and to control pollution by micropollutants on the city's beaches.

     

16
  • BARBARA VIANA BEZERRA NOBRE
  • Hydrological Modeling Applied to the Evaluation of Water Synergy in Castanhão Reservoir

  • Líder : JOSE ALMIR CIRILO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ANDERSON LUIZ RIBEIRO DE PAIVA
  • ARTUR PAIVA COUTINHO
  • SAULO DE TARSO MARQUES BEZERRA
  • Data: 24-feb-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • This research applies the CAWM IV hydrological model to forecast the input of flows in key reservoirs in the state of Ceará, Brazil, inserted almost entirely in the Polygon of Droughts, as defined by SUDENE. Based on its proven performance for arid and semi-arid regions, and already used in several researches and projects developed for the Brazilian Northeast, this model was considered prominent for the purposes of this study. The aim is to determine the volume of natural flows that rush into reservoirs, such as Atalho, Orós and Castanhão reservoir system, to, in sequence, apply the model of reservoirs operation CAROS, in order to calculate the water synergy resulting from the volumetric contribution of exogenous waters from the watershed basin of São Francisco River. For this purpose, eight hydrographic sub-basins of the state of Ceará were modeled, covering the transposition of the waters of the São Francisco up to the Metropolitan Region of Fortaleza (RMF). The results obtained with the CAWM IV were satisfactory, with emphasis on medium and high flows. Although the calculation of water synergy corresponds only up to Castanhão reservoir, it can be extended to the system of reservoirs that supply the RMF in an integrated manner. The simulations showed a synergistic gain between 700 and 850 hm³ per year, as well as an increase in the regularized average flow, corresponding to results previously found by other authors. The evaluation of the modeling results took place through statistical coefficients that related the observed and calculated flows, such as the determination coefficient (R²), Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient (NSE), trend percentage (Pbias) and error indexes (RMSE , MAE and RSR). Through the analysis of the Castanhão reservoir, this research aims to demonstrate the synergistic gain of the transfer of the waters of the São Francisco in the regularized flows, resulting from the reduction of the spilled and evaporated volumes.

     

17
  • JÉSSICA CAMILA DO NASCIMENTO ROCHA
  • Disinfection of Aanaerobic Ssanitary Wastewater with Chlorine: Trihalomethane Formation and Microbial Inactivation

  • Líder : MARIA DE LOURDES FLORENCIO DOS SANTOS
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • BRUNA SCANDOLARA MAGNUS
  • JOSE ROBERTO SANTO DE CARVALHO
  • MIGUEL MANSUR AISSE
  • Data: 27-feb-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Chlorine is one of the most used chemical agents during the disinfection process. However, the disinfection ofsewage is not yet a Brazilian reality. Low investments in basic sanitation combined with centralized treatment systemscontribute to the non-universalization of sewage services in Brazil. Therefore, the search for innovative andcompetitive technologies with conventional methods constitutes an important step to spread disinfection in WWTPs.In this sense, electroactivated water (EAW), produced by electrolysis of a brine, has emerged as a suitable alternativefor this purpose. This oxidizing solution is composed of sodium hypochlorite, hydrogen peroxide and ozone. Inaddition to the high efficiency in microbial inactivation, EAW does not have additional costs with transport and storageof chemical products, as it is produced at the place of use and the only necessary inputs are water, salt and energy. However, chlorination triggers the formation of DBPs, compounds formed from the interaction of halogens (chlorine,iodine or bromine) with organic matter. These compounds have carcinogenic, genotoxic and mutagenic potential.Thus, this work aimed to study the feasibility of applying this sanitizer in domestic sewage. For this, ideal operatingconditions were optimized in jar tests to determine the effects of sanitizer type and dosage and contact time. Theformation of DBPs, microbial inactivation and physical-chemical characteristics were monitored during the disinfectionprocess. The redox potential increased in almost all assays. Conductivity increased after chlorination, except whenusing EAW. The turbidity reduced significantly. TS raised specifically for EAW. As for the TSS, the values suffered asignificant drop compared to the initial state. For COD, it is possible to perceive differences between twoquantification methodologies used: in one, there was an increase in COD, while in the other it remained stable ordecreased. For ammoniacal nitrogen, it was possible to notice that there was consumption of the same by chlorine,forming chloramines. As for chlorides, there was a great discrepancy in the use of EAW compared to other oxidants.As for THM, it was possible to observe that all disinfectant agents presented the formation of the main THMs reportedin the literature. TCM was the by-product generated in greater quantity. As for microbial inactivation, all three oxidantsshowed satisfactory results. In short, EAW proved to be a very competitive chemical oxidant with commerciallyavailable chemical agents.

18
  • KLEYTON MICHELL NUNES DE SOUZA
  • Evaluation Model of BIM Maturity in Public Education Institutions

  • Líder : RACHEL PEREZ PALHA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ANALICE FRANCA LIMA AMORIM
  • CRISTIANA MARIA SOBRAL GRIZ
  • REGINA COELI RUSCHEL
  • Data: 28-feb-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Building information modeling (BIM) strengthens the competitivity and efficiency of users. Owing to it benefits and following international tendencies, the Brazilian government has regulated the implementation of BIM in the federal public administration, including federal education institutions. Therefore, an evaluation of the level of BIM use in institutions is necessary to optimize the distribution of implementation efforts; in this regard, BIM maturity models are a viable solution to elaborate an institutional planning on BIM implementation. However, the models found in the literature do not holistically evaluate teaching institutions, which are responsible for the academic formation as well as development of internal projects; such activities are often similar to those of companies that focus on projects, monitoring, and building maintenance. The present study was conducted based on a design thinking approach, and aimed to develop a tool to measure BIM maturity in teaching institutions, contributing to BIM implementation and improvement of BIM maturity evaluation. The model was applied in two teaching institutions for validation and the results indicated it is a practical and advantageous tool for the strategic development of BIM implementation.

19
  • MARIA EDUARDA BEZERRA LEITE DE QUEIROZ
  • Autogenous and Drying Shrinkage in High Strength Mortars with Activated Slag and Polypropylene Microfibers

  • Líder : ANTONIO ACACIO DE MELO NETO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ROMILDE ALMEIDA DE OLIVEIRA
  • ROMILDO MORANT DE HOLANDA
  • YÊDA VIEIRA PÓVOAS
  • Data: 17-mar-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Alkali-activated binders have been increasingly studied because they have similar mechanical performance and emit less carbon dioxide compared to Portland cement. However, there are still some barriers to enable the use of activated slag on a large scale, such as its intense shrinkage. In this context, the present work was based on the analysis of the mechanical behavior of slag mortars activated by sodium silicate, using addition of polypropylene fiber (PP). Different contents of polypropylene fiber (0.1%, 0.2% and 0.3%) were tested for each water/binder ratio (0.40, 0.48 and 0.56). The study of drying and autogenous shrinkage for 56 days stands out, the latter with little exploration in the literature. In addition, tensile and compressive strength tests were carried out at 1 day, 3 days, 7 days and 28 days with specimens in submerged cure, and scanning electron microscopy tests on samples tested at 28 days of cure. The results showed that the insertion of polypropylene microfibers caused a decrease in autogenous and drying shrinkage in mortars. Regarding the water/binder ratio, it was also observed that the higher this ratio, the greater the autogenous and drying shrinkage. On the other hand, conflicting results were observed in tensile strength, where the influence of the fibers was not clear. In compressive strength, no improvement was observed as the fiber content increased. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the fibers ruptured without detaching the alkali-activated matrix and that they may have been slightly degraded by the high alkalinity of the mortar. Finally, it could be concluded that the use of polypropylene microfibers in mortars with activated slag led to a mitigation of autogenous and drying shrinkage for water/binder ratio 0.40 and 0.48, showing low performance for water/binder ratio 0.56.  Even so, the use of microfibers to combat shrinkage proved to be a viable way to make alkali-activated mixtures viable for large-scale applications.

20
  • IGOR VIEIRA FERNANDES
  • Evaluation of the Pozolanicity of the Sludge Coming From the Textile Industry Effluent Treatment Station for Use as a Supplementary Cementitious Material

  • Líder : ANTONIO ACACIO DE MELO NETO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • MAURO MITSUUCHI TASHIMA
  • ANA MARIA GONÇALVES DUARTE MENDONÇA
  • ALINE FIGUEIREDO DA NÓBREGA
  • ANTONIO ACACIO DE MELO NETO
  • Data: 21-mar-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The environmental impact caused by the Local Productive Arrangement (APL) of the Confection of the State of Pernambuco in the generation of solid waste is the main problem that motivated this study. Most laundries located in the APL do not correctly dispose of the waste generated, with textile sludge (LOTex) commonly dumped in landfills without any kind of treatment. This research aims to evaluate the pozzolanicity of LOTex for its use in the partial replacement of cement. This possible solution could contribute to reducing the storage of this waste and, consequently, reducing carbon dioxide emissions resulting from the manufacturing process of Portland cement. The sludge was collected at the APL in Pernambuco and submitted to processing through grinding and calcination. A part of the collected ma- terial was not submitted to calcination, being denominated as in nature , and another part was calcined at temperatures of 600, 700, and 800oC. For analysis of the specific area, the in nature and calcined samples were subjected to milling and classified according to the fineness range: unmilled, 600, 900, and 1200 m2/kg. According to the results of the pozzolanic activity index with hydrated lime (NBR 5751), only the samples calcined at 600oC with Blaine finenesses of 900 m2/kg and 1200 m2/kg obtained com- pressive strength above 6 MPa, which can be considered as a material with pozzolanic potential. In the pozzolanic activity index test with Portland cement (NBR 5752), all calcined samples with Blaine fine- nesses of 900 m2/kg and 1200 m2/kg demonstrated pozzolanic potential by obtaining indices above 90% of the reference strength obtained only with Portland cement. In both pozzolanicity indexes, it was observed that this property was favored with the calcination and with the increase of the specific surface of the samples. Corroborating the results obtained in the indices, the X-ray diffraction (DRX) and ther- mogravimetry (TG) tests confirm the increase in calcium hydroxide (CH) consumption, which charac- terizes a pozzolanic reaction. In the analysis of the intensity of its characteristic peaks (18° and 24°2Ɵ) in the XRD test, the results demonstrate the increase in calcium hydroxide (CH) consumption through the decrease in the intensity of its characteristic peaks and the formation of compounds hydrated. In the TG, analogous to the results of the XRD, the consumption of CH was observed through the reduc- tion of the peak in the range of 400 to 600oC. According to XRD and TG results, the best performance was obtained in samples calcined at 600oC. The correlation between the direct methods (NBR 5751 and NBR 5752) was less evident than the direct methods, possibly due to the filler effect observed in NBR 5752. The correlation between the direct methods (XRD and TG) was evident since both are direct measures of calcium hydroxide consumption. Within the limitations of this research, it demonstrates the viability of LOTex as an alternative material to be used as an addition to Portland cement with proper heat treatment and adequate grinding.

21
  • BARBARA CONCEICAO DA ROCHA ANDRADE
  • "Análise da Aceitação Pública sobre as Principais Barreiras à Implantação de Pedágio Urbano para Melhoria da Mobilidade no Brasil"

  • Líder : LEONARDO HERSZON MEIRA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • MAURICIO OLIVEIRA DE ANDRADE
  • ANISIO BRASILEIRO DE FREITAS DOURADO
  • DANNUBIA RIBEIRO PIRES
  • Data: 31-mar-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • O congestionamento do tráfego em decorrência do alto índice de motorização tem causado prejuízos ambientais,econômicos e sociais em grandes cidades. Conforme a população urbana cresce, torna-se mais urgente encontrarsoluções sustentáveis para esse problema. Uma vez que o espaço físico é limitado, a expansão da infraestruturaviária não consegue mais suprir a demanda de viagens. São necessárias medidas de gerenciamento de tráfego que ao mesmo tempo desencoraje o uso do transporte individual motorizado e incentive a utilização dos modos detransporte ativos e públicos. O pedágio urbano é uma alternativa econômica para o gerenciamento do tráfego eredução de congestionamentos. Essa medida consiste no pagamento para acessar uma área ou passar por umtrecho da cidade congestionado. No entanto, mesmo com os exemplos bem-sucedidos em Singapura, Londres eEstocolmo, o pedágio urbano ainda é uma medida difícil de ser implementada pela rejeição pública e políticaimposta. Por isso, o objetivo desta dissertação é avaliar a opinião pública sobre a implementação do pedágio urbanono Brasil e analisar quais fatores podem ser considerados barreiras à implementação dessa política no país. Paraalcançar o objetivo, foi elaborado um questionário online destinado a moradores de cidades grandes, acima de 500 mil habitantes, ou regiões metropolitanas brasileiras. Após a coleta dos dados, foram realizadas umaanálise descritiva e uma análise de regressão logística binária no Software R. A amostra analisada pode sercaracterizada majoritariamente como usuária de carro. Mesmo assim, a maioria dos respondentes, cerca de 79%,afirmou que deixaria sim de utilizar o carro para enfrentar menos congestionamentos. E, mais ainda, 89%declararam que utilizaria com maior frequência o transporte público, caso o serviço melhorasse. Sendo assim, investimentos emelhorias nos serviços de transporte público podem ser considerados um primeiro passo para iniciar o debatepúblico sobre a implementação do pedágio urbano no Brasil. Quanto à disposição ou não em pagar para enfrentarmenos congestionamentos, por meio do modelo de regressão logística binária, foram identificados duas variáveisestatisticamente significativas. A percepção positiva do pedágio urbano e a consciência de responsabilidade pelapoluição que produzimos foram os dois fatores mais influentes. Ou seja, a probabilidade de alguém estar disposto apagar para enfrentar menos congestionamentos é maior quando a pessoa percebe a medida como eficaz e acreditaque é justo nos responsabilizar financeiramente pela poluição que produzimos diariamente. Com isso, destacou-se acomunicação e a transparência como pontos fundamentais para um processo de implementação bem-sucedido depedágio urbano no Brasil.

22
  • PLINIO CAMPOS DE ASSIS NETO
  • Use of Vermiculite in the composition of the inert fraction of Mortars: Study of the anhydrous, fresh,hardened and thermal properties of Mortars

  • Líder : ARNALDO MANOEL PEREIRA CARNEIRO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ARNALDO MANOEL PEREIRA CARNEIRO
  • ERIKA PINTO MARINHO
  • KAROLINE ALVES DE MELO MORAES
  • JOSE GETULIO GOMES DE SOUSA
  • Data: 27-abr-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The climate changes caused by industrial activities have been generating thermal discomfort in the world population, thus the search for air conditioners is increasing steadily. However, the use of these devices leads to higher energy consumption in buildings. Therefore, public policies have been created to establish minimum parameters to improve the thermal performance of buildings, such as Law No. 10.295 and NBR 15.575/2013. The construction industry constantly seeks solutions to meet the requirements of these laws, one of the possibilities is the use of cementitious composites with low specific weight, such as thermal mortars, which reduce the heat flow of a sealing element between two environments, this allows reducing the use of cooling equipment.  Studies on thermal mortars suggest the use of vermiculite in mortars as a solution to reduce heat flow in walls, however vermiculite is a lightweight aggregate with high water absorption, the use of it in coating mortars causes a loss of workability compared to traditional mortars. Given this, this study sought to analyze the particle size composition of the inert fraction of mortars produced with vermiculite and the influence of this parameter on the anhydrous, fresh, hardened and thermal properties. Through the state of the art study, the basic trait of this research and the percentages of vermiculite used were determined, thus the mortars produced in this study presented a trait 1:1:6 (cement: lime: aggregate) in volume and the sand was partially replaced by vermiculite in the proportions of 20%, 40% and 60%, and the influence of particle size and hydration state of the lightweight aggregate was evaluated, for this purpose vermiculites with fine and super fine particle size grading were used, and in the dry and wet state. Based on the properties of the materials used, the consumption in mass for each component of the mortars was found, and the amount of water was determined from the spread obtained on the consistency table. In the fresh state the water consumption required to obtain a 260 ± 5 mm spread, incorporated air content, density in the fresh state, and water retention were studied. In the hardened state, mechanical resistance, water absorption by capillarity, bulk density, void index, thermal conductivity, heat transfer rate and thermal transmittance were evaluated. Based on the results collected, the mortar with 60% super fine dry vermiculite stands out as having the most satisfactory thermomechanical performance.

     

23
  • SOFIA XIMENES LOPES
  • Evaluation of Alkali-activated Mortars with Incorporation of Expanded Vermiculite

  • Líder : ANTONIO ACACIO DE MELO NETO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ANTONIO ACACIO DE MELO NETO
  • JOAO MANOEL DE FREITAS MOTA
  • ROMILDO MORANT DE HOLANDA
  • YÊDA VIEIRA PÓVOAS
  • Data: 28-abr-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The considerable increase in CO2 emissions and the high consumption of natural resources have motivated the search for sustainable processes and materials. In particular, the construction industry has been focus of several studies because of its high energy consumption and significant CO2 emissions. Several materials have been evaluated to totally or partially replace cement, such as blast-furnace slag, an industrial byproduct. The use of slag in cement can be a sustainable alternative to the disposal of this material, and lead to reductions in clinker demand and CO2 emissions. The use of alternative aggregates is another approach frequently adopted to reduce the consumption of natural and energy resources. In this regard, vermiculite is an option owing to its availability and excellent acoustic and thermal insulation properties. Despite the advantages of using slag, systems containing this material exhibit high shrinkage, which may favor the ingress of aggressive agents. Therefore, this phenomenon must be studied to enable the widespread use of slag as a binder. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of vermiculite partially replacing fine aggregate in alkali-activated slag mortars, particularly focusing on shrinkage. Tests in fresh and hardened states were performed to quantify the influence of vermiculite in different mixtures. The results indicated that the use of vermiculite for the same water/binder ratio of 0.48 resulted in a reduction of the consistency index of mixtures, reduction of density in fresh state of up to 2.86%, increase of the incorporated air content (up to 91%), increase of the capillary absorption of 40.88%, and reduction of the compressive strength of up to 34.73%. Considering shrinkage results, a considerable reduction of autogenous shrinkage was observed; as for the drying shrinkage, an increase was obtained for mixtures in which dry vermiculite was used, directly proportional to the percentage adopted, whereas a decrease was observed for mixtures in which vermiculite in saturated condition was used. From the results obtained, the viability of using vermiculite as a reducing agent of the shrinkage phenomenon in alkali-activated slag mortars was confirmed.

     

24
  • MARTHA MARIA BEZERRA SANTOS
  • Influence of the Insertion of the Cocoa Almond Hull in the Hydraulic, Mechanical Behavior and in the Fissuration Process of an Expansive Soil

  • Líder : SILVIO ROMERO DE MELO FERREIRA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • JOAQUIM TEODORO ROMAO DE OLIVEIRA
  • MARIA ISABELA MARQUES DA CUNHA VIEIRA BELLO
  • SILVIO ROMERO DE MELO FERREIRA
  • SÉRGIO CARVALHO DE PAIVA
  • Data: 07-jun-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The main residues generated by the cocoa agro-industry consist mainly of the fruit husk (six tons for each ton of almonds) and the almond husk (between 8,000 and 12,000 tons per year). Bahia is a major producer of cocoa and the volume of this residue tends to increase. Furthermore, the state presents the occurrence of expansive soils, such as massapê. Thus, we seek to analyze the possibility of stabilizing an expansive soil that, for the purposes of the study, was used in the soil of Paulista-PE, with the shell of the cocoa bean. Laboratory tests were performed on compacted samples of natural soil, and mixtures of soil with bark, in weight proportions of 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, 10% and 12.5%. Tests of: particle size, grain density, consistency limits, compaction, hydraulic conductivity, free expansion, expansion stress, squeeze flow, simple and diametral compression, direct shear, formation and propagation of cracks and suction by drying were carried out. The hydraulic conductivity reduces from the order of 10-9 cm/s to the order of 10-11 cm/s with the mixtures of 7.5%, 10% and 12.5%. The mixture of soil + 10% bark presents the best result, reducing the “free” expansion of the natural soil from 12.50% to 8.90% and reducing the expansion stress by 71.36%. The cocoa bean shell in the soil does not improve the resistance to simple compression and tensile by diametral compression. Cohesion decreases and the friction angle of mixtures also decreases. The addition of bark to the soil causes the cracking process to occur faster, decreases the final cracked area (80.55% for the soil mixture + 12.5%) and increases the suction of air and moisture intake of saturation. The inclusion of cocoa bean husk in the high expansion compacted soil of Paulista-PE reduces “free” expansion (29%) and expansion stress (80%). As the addition reduces the permeability coefficient by about 100 times, increases the humidity of the air inlet, reduces the cracked area, a viable application is covering a sanitary landfill.

25
  • RAFAELLA DE MOURA MEDEIROS
  • Influence of the Use of Organic Compound on Geotechnical Properties for Application in Coverage Layers of Final Disposal of Solid Waste

  • Líder : JOSE FERNANDO THOME JUCA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • MAURICIO ALVES DA MOTTA SOBRINHO
  • FERNANDO ANTONIO MEDEIROS MARINHO
  • MARIA DO SOCORRO COSTA SÃO MATEUS
  • Data: 14-jun-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Brazil is among the countries that emit the most GHG, and part of these come from MSW; thus, the final disposal sites contribute to these emissions due to the decomposition of the biodegradable fraction of the waste. In general, emissions occur through the cover layer and the drains, and, to mitigate these emissions, the oxidative layers (mixture of soil and organic compost) present themselves as an attractive proposal. Thus, the study of such layers is important, mainly for developing regions that need sustainable and effective technologies. To evaluate the characteristics that the incorporation of organic compounds confers on the cover system, three organic compounds and two types of soil were used (Camaragibe and CTR-PE), which resulted in 11 materials; it should be noted that the mixtures between soil and organic compost were carried out in a 1:1 ratio. Geotechnical and physical-chemical characterization tests were carried out, and through these, it was observed that changes occurred in soil textures, where there was an increase in the coarse fraction; the reduction of the values of the maximum apparent dry specific mass of the order of 16.48% and 20.83% for the mixtures of soils from Camaragibe and CTR-PE, respectively; and the increase in optimum moisture, ranging up to 28.89% and 73.77% for the soil mixtures from Camaragibe and CTR-PE, respectively. And, as organic compost is a granular material, higher void rates were generated through the mixtures with variations between 35.37 and 132.62% and 15.92 and 99.98%, when comparing pure soils and mixtures with the soil of Camaragibe and CTR-PE, respectively. It was also verified that such mixtures promoted the addition of organic matter to the system, reaching a neutral pH, between 7.40 and 7.80; in addition to the favorable C/N ratio for the development of microorganisms, and the increase in CEC. With the performance of permeability tests to water and air, it was observed that the incorporation of the compost to the soil of Camaragibe provided, in the respective optimal humidities, higher values of water flux (reduction of 10-1 m.s-1) and airflow (reduction of 10-2 m.s-1) when compared to pure soil; as well as provided greater moisture retention.

26
  • ANA IACY DOMINGOS PONTES
  • Rainwater Harvesting System And Sensor Validation for Real-Time Water Quality Monitoring

  • Líder : SAVIA GAVAZZA DOS SANTOS
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • NELIA HENRIQUES CALLADO
  • SHYRLANE TORRES SOARES VERAS
  • SYLVANA MELO DOS SANTOS
  • Data: 21-jun-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Urban problems related to flooding, flash floods, landslides and the intermittent water supply are increasingly frequent factors. The use of rainwater collection and utilization systems is an alternative used to mitigate surface runoff and assist with water scarcity. These systems also help to reduce the water demand on the utility company and lower water costs. Therefore, the objective of the work was to develop a rainwater harvesting system, evaluating different storage methods (Rippl, Brazilian empirical or Azevedo Neto's method, British empirical, Australian practical), with the intention of using it for potable purposes. A treatment system was proposed and installed to collect, divert the first millimeter and make rainwater potable in an enterprise in the urban area of Recife, a city in the state of Pernambuco, providing a total saving of R$ 15,177.73 per year with a payback time of 3.39 years. The water quality of the enterprise was monitored to guarantee the effectiveness of the system, which showed good quality in the samples collected after treatment at all collection spots, as required by the Brazilian legislation. Sensors of pH, temperature and total dissolved solids were developed and validated using statistical tests to monitor the quality of rainwater, in order to provide the consumer water security for the use of rainwater as a supply source. These sensors have demonstrated good functioning within the designated range for rainwater.

     

27
  • DHIEGO HENRIQUE FERREIRA REVOREDO
  • Alcali-Silica Reaction in Concrete: A Systematic Review od the Evolution of Predictive Mathematical Models of the Reaction

  • Líder : ARNALDO MANOEL PEREIRA CARNEIRO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ADOLPHO GUIDO DE ARAÚJO
  • ALINE FIGUEIREDO DA NÓBREGA
  • ARNALDO MANOEL PEREIRA CARNEIRO
  • MARCOS ALYSSANDRO SOARES DOS ANJOS
  • Data: 28-jun-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Alkali-silica reaction (ASR) is a degradation mechanism that has a complex chemistry, which causes the deterioration of concrete structure over the years. One of the factors that contribute to the concrete degradation process is the late identification and the lack of technological control in the dosage, due to the use of reactive materials. Due to the need for more durable and better performing structural elements, the best way to avoid this reaction is being sought. Global evaluations comprise the potential reactivity between aggregates and cement alkalis, as well as the identification of the reaction installed in a concrete structure with its current damage, cracks and fissures. Thus, predictive mathematical models have been proposed for ASR. The prediction of concrete degradation and its effects on mechanical properties allows reducing costs and maintenance, ensuring greater durability of the structure. This paper presents a critical analysis of predictive models, interrelating them with the state of the art matured through a systematic literature review. From the systematic review proposed in this research and an overview of the mathematical models, it was possible to analyze the gaps that still exist due to the complexity of the reaction and the possible future trends in the modeling of ASR. The research also highlights: a) the importance of the methodological approach of the literature review to provide a comprehensive and chronological overview of the evolution of ASR; b) the experimental programs, which provide the necessary input data for future models; and c) the need for greater interaction in the modeling process between the areas of materials and structures.

28
  • MARIA CECÍLIA PAIVA NÓBREGA
  • Water Characteristics of Shallow Wells Along the Banks of the Capibaribe River in the Recife Lowlands

  • Líder : JAIME JOAQUIM DA SILVA PEREIRA CABRAL
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ANDERSON LUIZ RIBEIRO DE PAIVA
  • ANDREA SHIRLEY XAVIER DA SILVA
  • RICARDO DE ARAGAO
  • Data: 11-jul-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The increase in consumption of chemical products, motivated by population growth and processes such as industrialization and urbanization, has generated great concern regarding the pollution of water bodies, as it causes a generation of effluents rich in various types of contaminants, some of which are difficult to remove. Such contaminants are present in water bodies due to improper disposal of solid waste and the low efficiency of conventional processes carried out by Water Treatment Plants, which may compromise the quality of the population's water supply and damage aquatic ecosystems. In this sense, it becomes increasingly necessary to use alternative treatment processes that are effective in removing different types of contaminants. Thus, Riverbank Filtration (RBF) appears as a natural, low- cost, and easy-to-use treatment technique. Based on this problem, the present study aimed to monitor the water quality of shallow wells and analyze the river-aquifer interaction in a stretch along the banks of the Capibaribe River, Metropolitan Region of Recife-PE, Brazil. Three sampling campaigns were carried out during December 2022, January 2023, and February 2023 at five different points along the Capibaribe River. To verify the quality of the shallow wells with the quality of the river water, physical, chemical, and bacteriological data were carried out on samples of surface water from the Capibaribe River and the shallow wells located along its margin. After analyzing the data, satisfactory results were obtained, as the samples from the shallow wells showed a significant improvement in comparison to the waters of the Capibaribe River for the vast majority of parameters. In addition, in samples from shallow wells, the parameters pH, nitrite, nitrate, chlorides, and total dissolved solids showed values within the range allowed by the Brazilian Potability Standard. Concerning chlorophyll a, there was a significant reduction in the samples from the wells, with total removal in 30% of the samples and presenting a reduction rate above 94.3% for all points analyzed. Dissolved oxygen levels increased between the river and well samples, which was not expected according to other research on the subject. Regarding the bacteriological analyses, there was a significant removal between the values found in the river and the shallow wells, showing a reduction of 96.6% and 99.9%. The influence of the distance between the wells and the river on the results obtained was not verified, requiring a deeper investigation and a longer period on this variable. Therefore, it is possible to conclude that the use of the RBF technique as a preliminary treatment of water along the banks of the Capibaribe River is possible, requiring only some care and additional processes, considering the high level of pollution found in the river.

29
  • SILVANDRO FERREIRA DE SIQUEIRA JÚNIOR
  • Exploratory Study of the Properties of Lime Pastes with Metakaolin and Construction and Demolition Waste

  • Líder : ARNALDO MANOEL PEREIRA CARNEIRO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • WESLEI MONTEIRO AMBROS
  • ANA CECILIA VIEIRA DA NOBREGA
  • ARNALDO MANOEL PEREIRA CARNEIRO
  • MARYLINDA SANTOS DE FRANCA
  • Data: 20-jul-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • In view of the current need to reduce CO2 emissions during the production process of construction materials, in addition to the reuse of construction and demolition waste (CDW) in these materials in order to reduce the environmental impact generated by their improper disposal in nature, it’s necessary to create new alternatives for sustainable materials that gradually replace those that cause greater damage to the environment, which must meet performance, durability and compatibility criteria. In order to contribute to this demand, the present research aimed to explore the properties of pastes composed of lime with metakaolin and construction and demolition waste in order to enable a future application of this new product in the production of mortars for the restoration of historical constructions and other applications, contributing to the reduction of CO2 emissions on the planet and the inappropriate disposal of construction and demolition waste in the environment. Bearing in mind that compatibility isone of the most relevant criteria when carrying out the conservation and restoration of historic constructions, four mixtures were compared throughout the research, one being a reference (50% lime and 50% metakaolin) and three containing mass replacements of lime with metakaolin (MK) by 10, 20 and 30% of CDW. All pastes were produced with W/B = 0,8 and comparative analysis between mixtures containing CDW and the reference occurred in anhydrous, fresh and hardened states. In the anhydrous state, the materials and mixtures were characterized in terms of their physical, chemical and mineralogical properties. In the fresh state, the mini-slump and rheology tests were performed. In the hardened state, the following tests were performed at 14, 28, 56 and 90 days: x-ray diffraction (XRD); differential thermal analysis (DTA) combined with thermogravimetry (TG); infrared spectroscopy (IR); compressive strength; and mass variation over the 90 days. The results indicate a slight physical chemical and mineralogical modification between the pastes containing 10% CDW and the reference one, which may be an indication of compatibility and enable the use of conservation and restoration materials containing proportions of CDW in historic constructions carried out with lime and pozzolans. Furthermore, according to a mechanical performance criterion, specifically compressive strength, all mixes containing CDW meet compatibility requirements for use as mortar for restoring historic constructions. Consequently, some mixtures obtained suitable results with those recommended for use in historic heritage conservation and restoration works. Thus, they may be the subject of further research that evaluates other compatibility parameters not analyzed in this study, enabling a better comparison between original historic mortars and the mortars containing the addition of construction and demolition waste.
30
  • FILIPE ANTÔNIO CUMARU SILVA ALVES
  • A Multiscale Control Volume Framework Using 3D Unstructured Grids for the Simulation of Single Phase Flow in Anisotropic and Heterogeneous Porous Media

  • Líder : PAULO ROBERTO MACIEL LYRA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • RAMIRO BRITO WILLMERSDORF
  • HERMÍNIO TASINAFO HONÓRIO
  • MARCIO ARAB MURAD
  • Data: 24-jul-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The level of detail on modern geological models requires higher resolution grids that may render the simulation of multiphase flow in porous media intractable. Moreover, these models may comprise highly heterogeneous media with phenomena taking place in different scales. The Multiscale Finite Volume (MsFV) method can tackle such issues by constructing a set of numerical operators that map quantities from the fine-scale domain to a coarser one where the initial problem can be solved at a lower computational cost and the solution mapped back to the original scale. However, the MsFV formulation is limited to k-orthogonal grids since it uses a Two-point Flux Approximation (TPFA) method and employs an algorithm to generate the coarse meshes that is not capable of handling general geometries. The Multiscale Restriction Smoothed-Basis method (MsRSB) improves on the MsFV by introducing a new iterative procedure to find the multiscale operators and modifying the algorithm for the generation of the multiscale geometric entities to accommodate unstructured coarse grids, but is still limited to structured fine grids due to the TPFA discretization. Meanwhile, the Multiscale Control Volume method (MsCV) replaces the TPFA by the Multipoint Flux Approximation with a Diamond stencil (MPFA-D) scheme on the fine-scale while further enhancing the generation of the geometric entities to allow truly unstructured grids on the fine and coarse scales for two-dimensional simulation. In this work we propose an extension to three-dimensional geometries of both the MsCV and the algorithm to obtain the multiscale geometric entities based on the concept of background grid. We also modify the MPFA-D to use the very robust Generalised Least Squares (GLS) interpolation technique to obtain the required auxiliary nodal unknowns and incorporate to the MsCV the enhanced MsRSB to enforce M-matrix properties and guarantee convergence. We show that the 3-D MsCV method produces good results employing true unstructured grids on both scales to handle the simulation of the single-phase flow in anisotropic and heterogeneous porous media.
31
  • DÉBORA RODRIGUES SOARES
  • Space-Temporal Dynamics of Water and Plant Coverage by Remote Sensing in Brígida River Basin

  • Líder : LEIDJANE MARIA MACIEL DE OLIVEIRA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ANDERSON LUIZ RIBEIRO DE PAIVA
  • ROCHELE SHEILA VASCONCELOS
  • DIEGO CEZAR DOS SANTOS ARAÚJO
  • Data: 24-jul-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The study and analysis of the space-time dynamics of a region provides data on the level of changes that occur in a specific location over time. This information on changes benefits the decision-making and supports local management on how to deal with difficulties that may arise, and the method that helps to generate this data is the remote sensing. The present work involves the use of remote sensors on board of the Landsat 5 – TM and Landsat 8 – OLI satellites, which provide spectral bands that will be processed to generate the spectral indices: Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI), Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) and Modified Normalized Difference Water Index (MNDWI). The indices will provide information on the space-time dynamics of the vegetation and water areas of three reservoirs in the Brígida River Basin, located in Pernambuco, as well as the Chapada do Araripe region insert in the basin, in eight satellite images on different dates, which are from June 16, 1990, November 1994, September 23, 1997, July 6, 2003, November 27, 2009, September 9, 2013, July 15, 2018 and October 30, 2022. The results of this dissertation observed a decrease in the amount of vegetation vigor in the basin and wetland in the studied reservoirs, over the dates, highlighting the image of the date of September 9, 2013, which showed the lowest values in the vegetation and water indices.
32
  • JOÃO VICTOR BEZERRA CHAVES
  • Hydrological and Hydrodynamic Modeling with Generation of Flood Hazard Maps in the Tapacurá Basin

  • Líder : LEIDJANE MARIA MACIEL DE OLIVEIRA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ANDERSON LUIZ RIBEIRO DE PAIVA
  • DIEGO CEZAR DOS SANTOS ARAÚJO
  • LARISSA FERREIRA DAVID ROMAO BATISTA
  • Data: 26-jul-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Uncontrolled and unplanned urbanization, combined with projections of climate change, point to a scenario of increased vulnerability of people and infrastructure to urban flooding. In this context, the city of Vitória de Santo Antão, in the Zona da Mata region of the state of Pernambuco, stands out. It has grown around the Tapacurá River, occupying its floodplain. This city has already suffered from catastrophic flood events in the past, with notable events occurring in 2005, 2010, and 2011, affecting an estimated 3.26 million people, resulting in 162 deaths, and causing costs in the order of R$13.52 million. The aim of this study was to conduct 2D hydrological and hydrodynamic modeling using Remote Sensing techniques and a high-resolution digital terrain model to geospatially analyze the occurrence of floods and obtain maps with indicators and danger indexes for the urban center of Vitória de Santo Antão. The digital terrain model was obtained through laser profiling and made available by the Pernambuco Tridimensional project. The hydrological and hydrodynamic models were implemented using the freely accessible software HEC-HMS and HEC-RAS, respectively. The calibration and validation of the hydrological model were performed using available flow data, and a real event that occurred in May 2011 was simulated. The calibration achieved a Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient of 0.940. The simulations successfully reproduced the flood extent throughout the municipality, covering an area of 2,993 km² and reaching water depths of up to 5.65 m. With the simulation results, it was possible to create maps with hazard indicators and indices. It is expected that the information produced here can contribute to the decision-making process of the managing authorities, enabling the adoption of structural and/or non-structural measures to prevent or mitigate the monetary and life losses associated with flooding.
33
  • GABRIEL VICTOR DE LIMA
  • Taxonomic Evaluation of Different Microbial Cultures Adapted to Anaerobic Degradation of Aniline

  • Líder : SAVIA GAVAZZA DOS SANTOS
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • JOSE ROBERTO SANTO DE CARVALHO
  • MARCIA HELENA RISSATO ZAMARIOLLI DAMIANOVIC
  • WANDERLI ROGERIO MOREIRA LEITE
  • Data: 31-jul-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Aniline is a molecule composed of a benzoic group linked to an amino group. Although aniline is an important raw material to produce pharmaceuticals, dyes, pigments, and other economically valuable products, its toxicity and carcinogenic activity to animals and plants make it a potential environmental contaminant. Aniline can act both as a precursor molecule and as a byproduct released during the aerobic or anaerobic degradation of various chemical compounds. The disposal of waste containing this substance can pose a risk to the environment and public health. While anaerobic degradation of aniline is possible, and some possible steps in the degradation pathway have been elucidated, there are still gaps that require investigation, especially regarding the use of mixed cultures. This study evaluated the taxonomic composition of three distinct mixed cultures adapted to anaerobic degradation of aniline using 16S rRNA sequencing. The degradation kinetics of aniline and the formation of byproducts were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography. The degradation kinetics of aniline increased with successive feedings, reaching 0.99 μM/day of aniline. Different concentrations of the byproducts benzoic acid and 4-aminobenzoic acid were recorded. It was possible to observe that despite the different origins of the microbiotas, the microbial core of the microcosms with sediment from a river, a textile reactor, and a petrochemical source were selected in a similar manner. The common groups that stood out the most were Methanosaeta, Aminicenantes, and Geobacter.

34
  • MARCOS ARAÚJO DE SOUZA CELESTINO
  • Business Models Analysis Applicable to Regional Airports in Pernambuco

  • Líder : VIVIANE ADRIANO FALCAO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • MAURICIO OLIVEIRA DE ANDRADE
  • FRANCISCO GILDEMIR FERREIRA DA SILVA
  • MARIA DO ROSÁRIO MAURICIO RIBEIRO MACÁRIO
  • Data: 08-ago-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The change in the airport's perspective from being merely a social infrastructure to becoming a financial tool has brought about significant changes in the aviation sector. The sector's growth and market liberalization have strengthened the view of airports as businesses. Therefore, the use of a business model becomes essential to understand and enhance airport operations, making them more financially sustainable and attractive.However, within the industry, regional airports have faced challenges due to the lack of interest from airlines, which have shifted operations to larger urban centers. This has led to financial difficulties for these airports, directly affecting the connectivity of the population living away from major urban hubs. To mitigate this financial and social impact, initiatives like the Programa de Desenvolvimento da Aviação Regional (PDAR) in Brazil have been introduced to ensure regular operations at regional airports.Given this context, studying the business model of airports, specifically those in Pernambuco, is crucial for understanding the situation and establishing future guidelines. Based on business models found in the literature, certain variables that characterize the model were identified. A sample of 185 regional airports was chosen following the classification of the Plano Aeroviário Nacional (PAN).To narrow down the analysis and compare airports with similar characteristics, the K-means clustering method was employed, resulting in three groups. Additionally, the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) was used to find the most efficient airports to serve as references for the business model of Pernambuco's airports.The cluster analysis allowed for a reduced scope of analysis and comparison of Pernambuco's regional airports with other groups. Overall, Pernambuco's airports showed significant economic and social potential, and measures for their development were recommended. These measures include the operation of new airlines, the addition of new routes, and the establishment of official websites and social media presence for the airports. Considering the prevailing trends in larger airports and recent rounds of airport concessions in Brazil, these regional airports can be grouped together for future concession rounds.

35
  • MAYARA SILVA DE OLIVEIRA
  • Evaluation of Changes in Terrestrial Water Stocks in Northeast Brazil using GLDAS 2.2 Products
  • Líder : ALFREDO RIBEIRO NETO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ANDERSON LUIZ RIBEIRO DE PAIVA
  • LUIZ ANTÔNIO CÂNDIDO
  • DIEGO CEZAR DOS SANTOS ARAÚJO
  • Data: 10-ago-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Terrestrial Water Storage (TWS), consisting of water stored in the soil, groundwater, surface reservoirs, in the canopy, and water equivalent of ice and snow, is an important state of the Earth system. Its components influence water and energy flows and represent important renewable freshwater reserves. In semi-arid lands, understanding the dynamics of variations in these water stocks and planning for long-term sustainable use is essential for local populations. Therefore, this work aims to evaluate the behavior of the TWS and its components for the Northeast Region of Brazil and the north of the state of Minas Gerais, during the period from February 2003 to March 2021, using data from the GLDAS 2.2. Soil moisture anomaly (SMA) series from the ESA CCI SM were validated against in situ stations. Then series of SMA, anomalies of groundwater (GWSA) and terrestrial water storage (TWSA) from GLDAS 2.2 were validated using ESA CCI SM data, in situ monitoring wells and products from GRACE mission, respectively. Validations were performed by analyzing Pearson’s correlation and Willmott’s d index. After validation, the GLDAS 2.2 series were used to calculate the drought indices of soil moisture, groundwater and continental water storage: SMI, GWI and WSDI, respectively. The SMI and GWI indices were compared with the SPI index for different time scales, and their periodic structures were analyzed using the continuous wavelet transform. Soil moisture and TWS validations showed that the studied sources have well correlated data. As for groundwater, the GWSA of the GLDAS and the wells had a very weak to strong correlation, with the main divergences occurring when the GLDAS simulated wetter trends than those demonstrated by the wells. Drought indices showed that, for most hydrographic regions, the second decade of the 21st century was drier than the first. The greater correlation of SMI and GWI with SPI 3 and SPI 12, respectively, in addition to the periodic structures revealed by wavelet analysis suggest reliability of the GWSA and SMA obtained from the GLDAS 2.2 data.

36
  • GUSTAVO FERREIRA COSTA
  • Attributes that Influence E-commerce Consumers in Choosing Sustainable Last-mile Deliveries

  • Líder : MARIA LEONOR ALVES MAIA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • CINTIA MACHADO DE OLIVEIRA
  • LEISE KELLI DE OLIVEIRA
  • LEONARDO HERSZON MEIRA
  • Data: 16-ago-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Recently, the e-commerce sector has experienced significant growth, leading to an increased demand for last-mile delivery services. This results in considerable environmental impacts, such as congestion, greenhouse gas emissions, and increased traffic. In this context, this dissertation aims to analyze the delivery attributes that influence Brazilian e-commerce consumers in choosing sustainable last-mile delivery options, and how these choices can impact the environmental sustainability of freight transportation. The methodology employed involved questionnaire surveys and statistical analysis of the collected data using a multinomial logistic regression model. The results revealed that financial attributes, such as freight cost and product price, are considered the most relevant by consumers. On the other hand, attributes related to environmental sustainability are deemed less important and decisive in the choice of delivery options. Regarding the use of lockers, consumers value the convenience of this option. Additionally, they have shown a willingness to be flexible with delivery timelines in exchange for environmental benefits. The importance attributed to attributes such as delivery options and product integrity also plays a crucial role in the adoption of non-domiciliary delivery modes. Consequently, it can be concluded that strategies aimed at implementing more sustainable delivery modes should take into account the preferences and social characteristics of consumers, considering the significance given to financial and convenience aspects.

37
  • JOÃO LUCAS AUSTREGÉSILO NEPOMUCENO
  • Computational Investigation of the Nepo Factor for Failure Pressure Prediction of Curved Pipelines with Internal Corrosion Defects

  • Líder : RENATO DE SIQUEIRA MOTTA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • JOSE MARIA ANDRADE BARBOSA
  • JULIO TENORIO PIMENTEL
  • TIAGO ANCELMO DE CARVALHO PIRES DE OLIVEIRA
  • Data: 23-ago-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • In this research, the variation of failure pressures of curved and straight pipelines with corrosion defects was investigated, considering their geometric parameters. The application of curved pipes is extensive, mainly in logistic solutions when facing physical obstacles. Some studies have already been conducted comparing failure pressure results obtained through the Finite Element Method (FEM) with those obtained by the Lorenz Coefficient (LC), and the findings indicated potential improvements to the factor. Modeling and analysis were performed using FEM through the PIPEFLAW software, developed by the PadMec group at UFPE, which was modified to automate the pipe bending process, and the modeling and analysis of multiple cases in sequence. Parametric studies were conducted, considering the external diameter of the cross-section, length, depth and width of the defect, aiming to find an interrelation with the Target Factor (TF), which indicates the ratio between failure pressures of curved and straight pipes. Initially, 40 discretized cases were modeled, 10 for each evaluated variable, providing initial indications of relevant parameters. Additional 120 random cases were generated for linear and logarithmic regressions, which indicated that the defect depth (d) was the most relevant parameter for predicting the TF for Intrados cases. Subsequently, 100 discretized cases were generated, varying the defect depth and pipe relative radius, and 5 new proposals, called Nepo Factor (NF), were made to improve the prediction of TF. The last proposal showed a Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of 34.5e-3 and Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) of 1.0%, contrasting with the results of the LC, which presented an RMSE of 1.8 and MAPE of 20%. These results reinforce the possibility of a correlation between the defect depth parameter and the prediction of TF.

38
  • ROSANE KELEN RODRIGUES DELFINO
  • Stability Study of the Slope of Boleiro in the Northern Zone of the Municipality of Recife-PE

  • Líder : ROBERTO QUENTAL COUTINHO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • BERNADETE RAGONI DANZIGER
  • IGOR FERNANDES GOMES
  • SAUL BARBOSA GUEDES
  • Data: 24-ago-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The city of Recife coexists with the constant landslides that affect, especially, the most vulnerable population residing on irregularly occupied slopes. In recent years, with the occurrence of unusual weather phenomena, hundreds of people have been left homeless and lost their lives. In this sense, aiming to contribute to the mitigation of these negative impacts, the present study aims to present a geotechnical characterization, discussing a stability analysis of the slope of Boleiro, located in the North Zone of Recife, in addition to performing a retroanalysis of the rupture that occurred on the slope in May 2022. The analyzes were developed using the finite element software Slope/W and Seep/W, both from GeoStudio (2023). For this, a campaign of field and laboratory tests was carried out, which helped in the construction of the geotechnical profiles, obtained from the SPT surveys and physical characterization tests. The resistance, compressibility and suction parameters were determined from the collection of information blocks extracted in each study area, with results consistent with those presented in the technical literature. For the stability analysis, the saturated and unsaturated conditions of the soil were considered, in order to verify the flow conditions and understand the behavior and influence of infiltration on the stability of the slope. For this purpose, two analyzes were carried out under transient regime, one considering the precipitation of the rainiest month (May 2022) and the other simulating the rupture of a pipe. For the retroanalysis, the saturated and unsaturated condition of the soil was also considered, analyzing the flow conditions and the influence of the accumulated precipitation in the month in which the event occurred (May/2022). In the stability analyses, the results showed a significant reduction in the safety factor values for the two flow conditions, considering the influence of precipitation and pipe rupture. Meanwhile, the results of the retroanalysis show that the main triggering agent for the heat was the accumulated rainfall that occurred in May 2022, with a safety factor equal to 1.0. In this way, the work presents the slope stability condition at the points studied, contributes to theunderstanding of the accident that occurred and helps in understanding the causes and triggering factors of these events, in addition to helping in the prevention and mitigation of future accidents.
39
  • RICARDO MACIEL CASTRO HUTTL
  • Guidelines for BIM Implementation for Facilities Management with Emphasis on Project Coordination

  • Líder : RACHEL PEREZ PALHA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • BIANCA MARIA VASCONCELOS VALERIO
  • MAURICIO OLIVEIRA DE ANDRADE
  • NAIARA MEIRELES DE SOUZA
  • Data: 29-ago-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Building operations is the longest stage in its life cycle, in addition to representing the highest costs. The evolution of architecture and engineering allows the construction of increasingly complex buildings, also increasing the amount of data that needs to be managed, especially at this stage, which contributed to the emergence of the facilities manager profession. The publication of “the performance standard” (NBR 15575) has also helped to increase interest in the subject, as this document defines the responsibilities and roles of builders, developers, designers, and users throughout the life cycle. In this scenario, the use of BIM (Building Information Modeling) allows for greater information management, avoiding data loss throughout the stages and facilitating access to the information necessary for maintenance. However, the implementation of BIM in the operational phase, as in the others, requires careful planning, which considers a meaningful change in the company's processes. Thus, the goal of this research is to study the main guidelines for the implementation of BIM in facilities management and, later, to make suggestions on how to conduct this implementation, focusing on the project coordination stage. To this end, a bibliographic review of guides and manuals that address good practices on the subject was carried out, which served as a reference for the elaboration of information requirements tables, which were used in the analysis of architectural and MEP systems designs of real buildings, comparing the information found in these documents is combined with the information needed for operations. The results found reinforce the importance of the existence of documents that aim to define the necessary information and those responsible during design stage. Subsequently, two software were selected, one for BIM construction tracking and other for the management of guarantees and maintenance, which were evaluated for integration and use as a facility management system. A practical application was presented. Finally, flowcharts were established, with input and output data, to assist the project coordinator's activity, considering the implementation of BIM in the management of facilities.

40
  • RUTH MARIA DA SILVA SANTOS
  • Analysis of Water Retention Curves with Granulometric Curves in Expansive and Collapsible Soils



  • Líder : SILVIO ROMERO DE MELO FERREIRA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ANALICE FRANCA LIMA AMORIM
  • PEDRO EUGENIO SILVA DE OLIVEIRA
  • STELA FUCALE SUKAR
  • Data: 26-oct-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • In unsaturated soils, understanding water distribution, retention and release under different conditions is crucial. The soil-water relationship can be described by the retention curve, it is fundamental to understanding the water behavior of the soil and very important in several areas, such as agriculture, geology and geotechnical engineering. There are several proposals for adjustment and prediction equations for the soil retention curve. In this study, the adjustments proposed by Van Genuchten (1980), Gitirana Jr. and Fredlund (2004) and the retention curve prediction method based on particle size distribution developed by Mohammadi and Vanclooster (2012) were used. Retention curves obtained from the literature on collapsible and expansive soils are objects of analysis in this work. The adjustments made were compared with published experimental data to verify which of the adjustments best represents these points. In this research, 60 soils were analyzed, 30 collapsible and 30 expansive. In the search for academic works, keywords were used in both English and Portuguese, as follows: Collapsible soil, Characteristic curve, Retention curve, Expansive soil, Suction, combined by the Boolean operators “AND” and “OR”. With the aim of identifying behavior patterns in collapsible and expansive soils, an analysis of the physical characteristics of the soils obtained in the works consulted and the data extracted from adjustments and predictions of retention curves was conducted. This analysis was carried out using the ORANGE software, which made it possible to identify the influence of the variables studied in the identification of collapsible and expansive soils. Van Genuchten's (1980) fit was accurate in describing the unimodal curves of collapsible and expansive soils, but failed to adequately capture the bimodal shape of the curves in both soils. The method proposed by Gitirana and Fredlund (2004) performed well in both unimodal and bimodal soils, whether collapsible or expansive. The prediction of the retention curve by the method of Mohammadi and Vanclooster (2012) is better adjusted in sandy and silty soils, in other soils the characteristic shape of the retention curves were not well represented, for this method the coefficient of determination R2 was not shown. a representative statistical measure. The adjustment indices of Van Genuchten (1980), Gitirana and Fredlund (2004), the suction capacity and the slope of the granulometric curve presented higher values for collapsible soils than for expansive soils. Collapse potential values were similar for unimodal and bimodal soils, but bimodal soils presented a wider range of values. The void index in collapsible and expansive soils was higher in bimodal soils than in unimodal soils.
41
  • MARILIA PEREIRA CAVALCANTI
  • The Potential of Mobility-as-a-Service as an Access Facilitator to Airports

  • Líder : MAURICIO OLIVEIRA DE ANDRADE
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ANISIO BRASILEIRO DE FREITAS DOURADO
  • CARLOS FABRICIO ASSUNCAO DA SILVA
  • VIVIANE ADRIANO FALCAO
  • Data: 30-oct-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • With technological advances, air transport has become increasingly accessible. Air transport on the one hand ensures travel in a short time, on the other hand, many airports are far from the central regions of large cities. Many airports are accessible by a variety of modes, such as: private cars, taxis, trains, subway, buses, dedicated buses, limousines and long-distance buses. However, if these trips are not convenient, practical, dynamic and regular, as well as efficient in costs and travel times, they can cause difficulties for travelers. Mobility in cities is changing, information and communication technologies have generated innovations in business models in mobility with various features. As an evolution of these technological alternatives, the concept of Mobility as a service (Mobility-as-a-Service or Maas) emerged in Finland in 2014. The Maas works as an integrator of the various alternatives of public or private transportation, allowing the user to plan, schedule and pay for their trip through the same application, in a pay-as-you-go system or through monthly registrations. Many companies around the world are focusing on Maas as a way to make it easier for people to move around. In addition, they are offering Maas-like services for airports. Among them, we can mention SHOTL, Lyko and the Japan Airline, ANA. In the academic literature, it is evident a lack of investigations that address the influence of Maas in the context of air transport. This research aims to assess the potential impact of MaaS in the air transport sector, using an approach that combines an analysis of information from companies involved in the provision or use of land transport services to airports, together with the application of a questionnaire to assess the receptivity of passengers to MaaS mobility solutions. The results derived from the research revealed that the acceptance rate of the Maas platform among the participants reached the expressive mark of 76.95%. In parallel, an in-depth analysis was conducted in order to characterize the profile of the user willing to adopt an integration between air and land transport.

42
  • CHEYENNE MARIANA DE OLIVEIRA CARNEIRO
  • The Instant Delivery and the Effects of the Covid-19 Pandemic on On-Demand App Consume

  • Líder : MARIA LEONOR ALVES MAIA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • CINTIA MACHADO DE OLIVEIRA
  • LIGIA RABAY MANGUEIRA ARAÚJO
  • MAURICIO OLIVEIRA DE ANDRADE
  • Data: 31-oct-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • This dissertation analyzes the socioeconomic profile and the main motivations of consumers of instant deliveries, with a focus on the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. To this end, the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS - SEM) was applied, using SmartPLS 4 software. Based on the theoretical framework, the model with formative measurement was created for an exploratory analysis of the research. The collinearity analysis showed VIF values of less than 5, indicating that there was no multicollinearity in the calculation of the variables. The results showed that socio-economic profile and perception of the benefits of this type of purchase had positive influences on consumption of on- demand fast delivery apps both before and during the pandemic. In addition, the price of the product had a positive influence before and during the pandemic, while gender and frequency of purchase had a positive influence on the consumer profile during the pandemic. Practicality had a positive influence before and during the pandemic in terms of the perceived benefits of app purchases, while convenience only had a positive influence during the pandemic. Directly related to consumption of fast delivery apps, speed of delivery, diversity of products, diversity of establishments and delivery rate had an influence in both study periods. During the pandemic, social isolation had a positive effect on consumption by instant deliveries, demonstrating more directly that there was an impact on consumption of this type of service because of the pandemic. Finally, the study highlights the need to develop public policies that affect urban freight transport in order to offer a sustainable freight mobility service, considering environmental, economic, social and technological issues.

43
  • NATALIA MILHOMEM BALIEIRO
  • Geomechanical Classification of Rock Masses for Dam Implementation: Case Study of the Belém de São Francisco Dam

  • Líder : SILVIO ROMERO DE MELO FERREIRA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • JOAQUIM TEODORO ROMAO DE OLIVEIRA
  • LEILA BRUNET DE SA BESERRA
  • ROBSON RIBEIRO LIMA
  • Data: 31-oct-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Dam construction has existed since ancient times and plays a significant role in human development, being crucial for semi-arid regions that faces challenges related to frequent droughts. Geological- geotechnical studies are conditioning factors in the design of dams and they are heavily influenced by foundation conditions. In this context, this study aims to evaluate the geological and geotechnical conditions of the rock foundation for a dam to be built in Pernambuco, Brazil. It presents the geomechanical characterization and classification processes of rock masses and analyzes the influence of the foundation on the choice of the most appropriate technological solution for the project. This research also includes an individual classification of lithologies identified during the investigation of the rock mass and the dam's foundation line. This study relies on data from field geological-geotechnical investigations and laboratory tests, evaluating the mass based on its hydraulic conductivity and classifying it using Rock Quality Designation (RQD) values and Bieniawski's Rock Mass Rating (RMR). The results indicate that the rocks comprising the foundation's rock mass are predominantly soft rocks (R4) and very soft rocks (R5), showing significant fracturing and alteration. As per the RMR system, the rock mass is classified as having very poor quality. It lacks the geological-geotechnical and geomechanical characteristics required for a rigid structure dam foundation, making a gravity dam the preferred alternative.

44
  • JEOVANA DA SILVA SOUTO MAIOR
  • Improvement of Expansive Soils with the Use of Lime: A Review

  • Líder : SILVIO ROMERO DE MELO FERREIRA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • MARIA ODETE HOLANDA MARIANO
  • MARIA ISABELA MARQUES DA CUNHA VIEIRA BELLO
  • JOAQUIM TEODORO ROMAO DE OLIVEIRA
  • Data: 01-nov-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Expansive soils are found in large areas worldwide, and their presence is considered one of the most common causes of problems in structures, especially buildings and highways, leading to economic and social losses every year for repairing affected constructions. The use of lime to stabilize these soils allows for material reuse and the prevention of post-construction issues. Eighty studies were analyzed, including 2 theses, 6 dissertations, 71 articles, and 1 undergraduate thesis, published between 1991 and 2022 in 25 countries, on the improvement of expansive soils with lime, serving as a database for physical, chemical, mineralogical, microstructural, and geomechanical characterization. The selection of these studies was carried out on academic and scientific publication websites, such as SciELO, Web of Science, Scopus, ResearchGate, Google Scholar, Oasisbr, CAPES/MEC Journals, the virtual library of ABMS, Zoterobib, and BDTD. Criteria for inclusion required that the research yielded results related to particle size, mineralogy, consistency limits, expansivity, California Bearing Ratio (CBR), compaction, unconfined compressive strength, both before and after the addition of lime to improve expansive soils. Analysis of natural soils showed a predominance of fine texture, with an average liquid limit of 80% and plasticity index of 47%, indicating soils with a "very high" potential for expansion by Chen (1965), Seed et al (1962), and Daksanamurthy and Raman (1973) criteria. For soil treatment, 24% of the cases analyzed used a lime content of 6% to address expansion. 96% of the soils exhibited a decrease in plasticity index, while 75% experienced an increase in optimal moisture content, and 76% showed a reduction in maximum dry density. X-ray diffraction tests, TG, DTG, CBR, expansivity, and unconfined compressive strength tests confirmed that an increase in lime content and time are proportional to the results of expansive soils to be neutralized by pozzolanic reactions, even at low lime content. Among the 32 soils tested for free expansion, 8 of them eliminated the expansion potential, while in 19 cases, the potential was reduced to less than 1.5%. In 97% of the soils, their potential for expansion was reduced to at least 16%.

45
  • JULIANO CASTRO DE ANDRADE
  • The Passenger Public Transport System of the Metropolitan Region ff Recife: Passengers' Perceived Quality
  • Líder : LEONARDO HERSZON MEIRA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • MAURICIO OLIVEIRA DE ANDRADE
  • LIGIA RABAY MANGUEIRA ARAÚJO
  • MARIO ANGELO NUNES DE AZEVEDO FILHO
  • Data: 01-nov-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • This dissertation aims to evaluate the service currently offered by the Public Transport System of the Recife Metropolitan Region (STPP/RMR). To this end, a satisfaction questionnaire was drawn up considering the four modes offered in the region: bus, BRT, metro and light rail, as well as the integration within the system. The questionnaire was disseminated via social media through face-to-face collection stage conducted at the busiest locations. Perceptions were compared between frequent and non frequent users and between users who use the transport during peak hours and those who use it outside peak hours The Mann-Whitney test was used to check for statistically significant differences. The results show that passengers have a very poor perception of the quality of the service offered, regardless of the mode used or whether they are frequent users or use the service during peak hours. The exception to this poor evalutation is the perception of travel time, which is considered reasonable by more than half of the passengers when considering the modes with the better right-of-way, namely BRT, light rail and metro. As for the comparison between groups, the differences between frequent and non-frequent users were limited to the attributes “speed” and “number of transfers”, with frequent users having the worst perception, contrary to initial assumptions. When comparing peak and off-peak use, the significant differences were observed only for "speed" and "tariff", with the worst evaluations associated with peak use, as expected. Several suggestions are made to address the numerous deficiencies pointed out. It is highlighted the need to obtain funds beyond the tariff in order to raise the funds needed to improve the quality of the STPP without increasing its fare, which is already considered expensive by the vast majority of the population.
46
  • LETÍCIA AGRA MENDES RAMALHO
  • Machine learning applied to evaluation of reservoir connectivity
  • Líder : BERNARDO HOROWITZ
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • LEILA BRUNET DE SA BESERRA
  • LICIA MOUTA DA COSTA
  • SILVANA MARIA BASTOS AFONSO DA SILVA
  • Data: 06-nov-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • In mature reservoirs, there are hundreds or thousands of producing and injecting wells operating simultaneously, so it is important to understand the impact of injection wells on producers to maintain pressure and control water production. In the case of reservoirs, this same impact aims to prevent possible reactivations or fault fracturing. In this work, we propose a workflow with two strategies, reduced-physics and data-driven modeling, to determine the communication between producing and injecting wells. Both strategies use historical production data, injection rates (inputs), and liquid production rates (outputs). The reduced-physics modeling strategy is based on the Capacitance Resistance Modeling for Producers (CRMP), which calculates the liquid flowrate of the producing well based on the injection rate, productivity index of produce, time constant and the connectivity between injectors and producers. The connectivities are obtained by minimizing the error between the observed and calculated liquid flowrates. The optimization algorithm used is the Sequential Quadratic Programming (SQP). The data-driven modeling strategy is based on Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs), which only use input and output data. The parameters of the neural network, weights, and viéseses, are adjusted during the training process. Three architectures are studied to connect the inputs and outputs: single-layer perceptron, deep learning with multiple layers, and convolutional neural networks. The backpropagation algorithm is used to adjust the weights of the architectures during training. We propose three alternatives for calculating the connectivities after training. The first one is based on the optimal weights. The second one is based on the average error after shuffling the input data, and the last one is based on the gradient importance. Two synthetic models, Two-phases and Brush Canyon Outcrop, are used to validate the proposed workflow. The results show that the connectivities calculated using gradient importance became closer to the connectivities obtained by the capacitance and resistance model when both are compared. In the case of connectivity error between CRMP and other strategies, Backpropagation, Shuffling, and CNN1D, for injector I-1, they are 25%, 16%, and 11%, respectively. Regarding the connectivity of injector, I-3, the error in comparing CRMP versus Backpropagation, Shuffling, and CNN1D is 12%, 12.5%, and 6%, respectively. Similarly, when analyzing the connectivity of injector, I-5, the errors are 11%, 9%, and 8.5%, respectively. In conclusion, we can say that the CNN1D strategy shows a better approximation in calculating connectivities.
47
  • ALESSANDRO RODRIGUES DE AMORIM
  • Using Rainwater as a Tool to Improve Water Supply and Reduce the Risk of Landslides on a Hill in Recife-PE
  • Líder : SAVIA GAVAZZA DOS SANTOS
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • BRUNA SCANDOLARA MAGNUS
  • LEIDJANE MARIA MACIEL DE OLIVEIRA
  • SHYRLANE TORRES SOARES VERAS
  • Data: 19-dic-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Water deficit is a reality in Brazil, even in regions where there is good water availability due to the pollution of water bodies. In this context, the Northeast region presents an additional aggravating factor, as, in addition to the irregular distribution of bodies of water, the region faces challenges such as high temperature and low rainfall, for most of the year. Therefore, the use of alternative sources of water supply becomes increasingly necessary. Of these alternatives, the use of rainwater stands out, which, on a recurring basis, is concentrated in some months of the year. Widely used in semi-arid regions due to low rainfall and the lack of conventional supply systems, rainwater can also be used in urban areas, directly impacting the mitigation of other problems, such as: flooding, landslides and congestion caused by excess rain. combined with the high waterproofing of the soil. To quantify and observe the impacts of the use of rainwater in urban areas, specifically in hill areas, three water supply-consumption water balances were carried out based on scenario simulations in Córrego da Telha, which is located in the neighborhood of little bird in the west of the city of Recife-PE. When carrying out the first water balance, the supply-consumption of water in a single residence was verified, where rainwater supply was considered in two time intervals: (a) annual interval from June 2021 to May 2022; and (b) interval with atypical precipitation in the months of May and June 2022. For the second and third simulation, water balances were calculated considering the entire hill basin and variables of the hydrological cycle: precipitation, surface runoff, evaporation, evapotranspiration and infiltration. What differentiates these simulations was the methodology for calculating surface runoff, for simulation 2 the rational method was used and for simulation 3 the SCS-CN method was used, both were carried out in programming language over a fortnightly period, being considered for the 1st period of study, atypical rains (accumulated value of 759.4 mm) and the 2nd period, typical winter rains (accumulated value of 172.5 mm). These simulations used information derived from mapping using remotely piloted aircraft (drones), which enabled the classification and quantification of the materials that make up the surfaces where precipitated water flows. Finally, the quality of the water supply to three houses located in the study area was monitored over 13 weeks. The simulation results indicated that rainwater supply could meet demand on 48% and 81% of days, respectively for intervals (a) and (b), with a corresponding percentage of water retention in the lot of 48% and 21% when analyzing simulation 1. For simulation 2, it presented the result of a reduction of around 12% in the volume of precipitation for the 1st study period (period of atypical rains) and 45% for the 2nd study period (rains traditional winter season). For simulation 3, the  simulations showed results of a 7% reduction in the volume drained from being released into the urban drainage network for the first study period (atypical rains) and around 39% for the 2nd study period (traditional rains). Regarding the quality of water used in the area under study, irregularities were observed in all residences. In a residence at the highest point of the hill, which receives regular supplies from the Pernambuco state company, the color parameter was within the permitted range, in just one collection. In the mid-slope residence, whose supply is mixed, receiving water from the company and other external sources, the presence of Escherichia Coli and/or total coliforms was detected in 2 collections, and while in the residence located in the foothills, which only has water supply from groundwater sources, there was the presence of Escherichia Coli and/or total coliforms in all weeks of the study. In this way, the use of rainwater can favor the region's water supply, alleviating supply inequality and mitigating urban problems.
48
  • ANA BEATRIZ ACCIOLY DE MENEZES
  • Hypothetical Break Study (Dam Break)for Tailing Dam
  • Líder : JOSE ROBERTO GONCALVES DE AZEVEDO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ANDERSON LUIZ RIBEIRO DE PAIVA
  • LARISSA FERREIRA DAVID ROMAO BATISTA
  • SILVANETE SEVERINO DA SILVA
  • Data: 21-dic-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Mining activity is essential for the human’s routine, being able to transform raw materials into necessary day-to-day items, such as equipment, machines, tools, among many other items. This transformation is named of beneficiation process, which are made extraction procedures and treatment of the mineral, resulting in tailings, mineral residue that has no economic value. This tailing is disposed and stored in containment structures, called dams, reservoirs, in general, and, for the construction of these structures, there are laws and norms that recommend and define design criteria, adapting them to safety standards. The non-attendance of this safety standards, as well as lack of operation and maintenance control, result in failures and, in many cases, ruptures, causing environmental, social and economic impacts. In this work, a study of the rupture of a reservoir is presented, based on available input data. The objective of this study is make a comparative analysis between rupture simulation softwares, HEC-RAS 2D and RiverFlow2D, which presented similar results, concluding that both have a good representation on simulation of hypothetical dam failure.
49
  • MANUELA VASCONCELOS NOGUEIRA
  • Evaluation of Concession Contracts to Reduce Environmental Impacts of Brazilian Airports from the Perspective of the 2030 Agenda

  • Líder : LEONARDO HERSZON MEIRA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ANISIO BRASILEIRO DE FREITAS DOURADO
  • CINTIA MACHADO DE OLIVEIRA
  • CLAUDIA AZEVEDO PEREIRA
  • Data: 22-dic-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Due to the significant importance of air transportation in Brazil, promoting connectivity among people worldwide, generating employment, and facilitating the swift transport of small cargo, this mode of transportation has experienced rapid growth since the 20th century in the country. The accelerated increase in demand has led to the saturation of some Brazilian airports. Therefore, in 2010, the federal government initiated the process of Brazilian airport concessions to promote improvements for users in infrastructure, service quality, and faster, cost-effective service delivery. Associated with the growth in aviation volume is the increase in negative environmental impacts caused by airports on society as a whole, making it challenging for airports to achieve the UN-established Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) from 2015 to 2030. Ten out of the 17 SDGs can be related to airports. Consequently, there has been a growing concern for Brazilian airport environmental sustainability, leading to the creation of national sustainable projects that encourage airports to adopt sustainable measures to reduce the negative impacts they generate. However, it was observed that, despite the significant importance of Brazilian airport concession contracts in monitoring airport operators during the contract period, these contracts do not address airport sustainability. Therefore, this dissertation evaluated essential elements that should be included in the assessment of concession contracts to reduce the environmental impacts of Brazilian airports from the perspective of the 2030 Agenda. This evaluation was based on a qualitative analysis methodology considering sustainable measures used in 13 studies on airport environmental sustainability and the input of 30 experts in the field. The study concluded that 26 out of the 46 analyzed sustainable elements are essential for airports to effectively meet the proposed seven sustainable alternatives: CO2 Emission Reduction, Noise Pollution Reduction, Reuse and Recycling, Water Consumption Reduction, Use of Clean Energy, Environmental Management, and Wildlife Conservation. Consequently, the research achieved its general and specific objectives, answered the research question, and confirmed the hypothesis that new concessions must adopt broader sustainable practices, and their verification should be explicitly stated in the concession contract.

Tesis
1
  • EUDES DE ARIMATÉA ROCHA
  • Proposition of a Method to Study the Degradation of Portuguese Tiles in Historic Monuments

  • Líder : ARNALDO MANOEL PEREIRA CARNEIRO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ANA LUÍSA PINHEIRO LOMELINO VELOSA
  • ALINE FIGUEIREDO DA NÓBREGA
  • MARCOS ALYSSANDRO SOARES DOS ANJOS
  • THAIS ALESSANDRA BASTOS CAMINHA SANJAD
  • TIAGO ANCELMO DE CARVALHO PIRES DE OLIVEIRA
  • Data: 26-ene-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The research proposes a method for investigating the tendencies of Portuguese ceramic tiles to develop pathological problems. For this purpose, “chacotas” are reproduced with chemical and mineralogical compositions similar to 17th and 18th century tile fragments obtained from churches in Pernambuco. For the evaluation of the tendencies of developing pathologies, the “chacotas” are submitted to XRF and XRD techniques and tests of destructive character (flexural rupture, chemical attacks, and absorption content), in which the compilations of the obtained data bring information about the behavior of the different mixtures studied. The data obtained from the reproduction methodology of the pieces were coherent with the estimated chemical and mineralogical compositions, indicating the possibility of developing studies of ancient tiles from reproductions. The analyses show that the compositions of the mixtures reproduced influence the mechanical and chemical resistance properties of the materials. And also indicates that different percentages of absorption can contribute to a tile with greater or lesser tendency to develop anomalies over the years. The flexural strenght techniques and absortion tests indicated an inverse relation which the more resistant the ceramic bodie is, the lower its porosity and its percentage of absortion. For the relation between the absortion levels and chemical attacks, this work indicated a direct condition where the higher the porosity and absorption of the material, the greater the degradation by chemical attacks. Finally, the study identified that mixtures with higher compositions of silica and iron associated with lower amounts of calcium produce more intact and resistant pieces with less tendency to develop pathological problems.

2
  • KATIA BOTELHO TORRES GALINDO DE SOUZA
  • Experimental and Numerical Study of the Influence of the Minerals Dissolution on the Characteristics of Synthetic Carbonate Rocks with Injection of a Reactive Fluid

  • Líder : LEONARDO JOSE DO NASCIMENTO GUIMARAES
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ANALICE FRANCA LIMA AMORIM
  • IGOR FERNANDES GOMES
  • ALESSANDRA LEE BARBOSA FIRMO
  • FLÁVIA DE OLIVEIRA LIMA FALCÃO
  • OSVALDO JOSE CORREIA FILHO
  • Data: 31-ene-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The dissolution processes resulting from the injection and extraction of fluids modify the physical and mechanical properties of rocks, which can generate problems that affect various engineering applications that can cause changes in the natural and built environment. The main motivation of this research was to evaluate the change in the stiffness and shear strength of synthetic carbonate rocks submitted to a reactive injection fluid. There for, it is presented laboratorial tests carried out with two types of cemented carbonatic rock artificially produced. The synthetic rocks were subjected to physical characterization tests (mineralogy, computed tomography, porosity, etc.) and mechanical characterization (Uniaxial Compressive Strength test and indirect tensile tests), before and after the dissolution process to check changes in samples. The dissolution test was performed in a modified oedometer cell, which allows measurements of horizontal displacements, where the loading and dissolution phases were performed, using water and an acid solution, to evaluate the influence of pH on their initial characteristics of the samples. From the analysis of X-ray diffraction, it was possible to observe an increase in the values of porosity and permeability in the samples, with the maximum porosity being quantified of 57.8%, due to the dissolution of minerals. During dissolution, it was observed that the horizontal stress increased linearly and the maximum volumetric strain was 12.8%, due to the loss of mass, which also reflected in the mechanical characteristics, since the samples lost about 72% of the strength after the dissolution with the acid solution. In the numerical simulation, the tool used was CODE-BRIGHT (COupled DEformation BRine Gas and Heat Transport), a finite element code developed for THMC coupled problems (term, hydro, mechanical, and chemical). The constitutive model used was the BBM (Basic Barcelona Model), based on the proposal of the chemical-elastoplastic model by Castellanza & Nova (2004), which is a model that present the plastic deformations resulting from the chemical effect, characterizing the chemical degradation. To validate the proposed model, experimental dissolution tests were simulated. The study carried out in this thesis was important to understand how the dissolution of the connections between the grains lead to changes in macro scales, such as the loss of mechanical strength causing irreversible damage to the rock.

     

3
  • EDUARDO BARCELOS BONTEMPO FILHO
  • Temporal Analysis of Oil Contamination Related to Coastal Geodiversity in the Municipality of Cabo de Santo Agostinho – PE

  • Líder : ROBERTO QUENTAL COUTINHO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • JOSE FERNANDO THOME JUCA
  • TEREZA CRISTINA MEDEIROS DE ARAUJO
  • VAGNER ROBERTO ELIS
  • HELENICE VITAL
  • HERALDO LUIZ GIACHETI
  • Data: 14-feb-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • During the months of August to November 2019, the coastal region of Northeast Brazil was the scene of what is already classified as the biggest environmental disaster on the Brazilian coast, impacting coastal ecosystems in 11 states and a diversity of ecosystems related to different geological configurations such as sandy beaches, rocky shores, estuaries, tidal flats, mangroves and reef systems. In this research, a temporal analysis of the occurrence of remaining contamination was carried out on three beaches (Paiva, Itapuama and Enseada dos Corais) in the Municipality of Cabo de Santo Agostinho, State of Pernambuco. The main objective is to investigate the relationship between the remaining contamination in different geological configurations: sediments and rock surfaces. In this way, a temporal model of the effect of oil contamination in relation to the types of geological substrate existing in the region was constructed. Comparing the results of this unprecedented event in a tropical region will allow for a better prediction of future problems of the same nature. The approach focused on the systematic mapping of residues, collection of sediment samples through trenches, photographic documentation and qualitative microscopic analysis. The analysis of granulometry, calcium carbonate and total organic matter provided a characterization of current deposition systems. Images were also collected by drone of a rocky shore to monitor the contamination. The environments studied comprise sandy beaches, rocky shores, hard surfaces such as corals and beach sandstones (beachrocks). An evaluation of the effect of contamination on surfaces formed by geological formations was also carried out, considering the presence of structures such as natural fractures, joints and dissolution cavities produced in hard substrates. This research also allowed the elaboration of a schematic model of the evolution of the contamination generated by the monitoring work that summarizes the destination of the oil residues in the three beaches studied in different temporal stages. Thus, the research prove that a large part of the contaminant was removed by the immediate action carried out by volunteers and by government agents and by the highly dynamic process that controls erosion and seasonal deposition in the studied sandy beach profiles. It was possible to qualitatively identify the level of persistence of the contaminant in relation to the morphology and composition of the impacted substrates. The observed effects were compared with other disasters and allowed establishing a framework of knowledge that will be important for the mitigation and monitoring of eventual disasters due to contamination of oil or derivatives.

4
  • OTÁVIO JOAQUIM DA SILVA JÚNIOR
  • Influence of Physical and Mechanical Properties on Sound Insulation of Gypsum Block

  • Líder : TIAGO ANCELMO DE CARVALHO PIRES DE OLIVEIRA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ARNALDO MANOEL PEREIRA CARNEIRO
  • STELAMARIS ROLLA BERTOLI
  • MARCO ANTONIO SILVA PINHEIRO
  • YÊDA VIEIRA PÓVOAS
  • ÂNGELO JUST DA COSTA E SILVA
  • Data: 16-feb-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The sound insulation of vertical fences against airborne noise is a function of their internal properties, such as density, stiffness and damping, and increasing sound insulation requires knowledge of these properties and their influence on microstructural behavior. This research aims to characterize the physical, mechanical and microstructural properties of the gypsum paste, and the acoustic properties of seals made with precast gypsum blocks, produced with gypsum and additions of natural perlite, expanded perlite, vermiculite and alumina, being correlated the internal properties of the materials with their sound insulation capacity. The analysis of the acoustic properties was extended to two specific conditions, double walls with elastic separation and composite block with stone wool plate. The acoustic characterization of the plaster blocks was carried out by tests of structural reverberation time and sound reduction index (R). The composites directly affected the mechanical properties of the plaster block, reducing its density and, consequently, its mechanical capacity. The granular additions, expanded perlite and vermiculite, suffered the greatest reductions, reaching losses of 50% in compressive strength. The microstructural changes, observed in the scanning electron microscope (SEM), were perceptible when the water/plaster ratio was modified, with the increase in the water/plaster ratio providing a greater spacing between the crystals, making them thinner and elongated. The acoustic analysis showed that the application of viscoelastic material between the walls significantly contributes to reducing the structural reverberation time, directly affecting the critical frequency and contributing to an increase in the sound reduction index. The sound insulation of the composite blocks of vermiculite and alumina showed the highest efficiency in sound insulation capacity, promoting gains of up to 20% with only 5% of addition. This work is expected to contribute to the production of plaster blocks with greater acoustic efficiency, providing the civil construction market with alternatives to guarantee the necessary acoustic insulation.

5
  • RENAN GUSTAVO PACHÊCO SOARES
  • Structural Performance of Reinforced Concrete Buildings with Frames Filled with Sealing Masonry

  • Líder : ROMILDE ALMEIDA DE OLIVEIRA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • TIAGO ANCELMO DE CARVALHO PIRES DE OLIVEIRA
  • RENATO DE SIQUEIRA MOTTA
  • JOSE JEFERSON DO REGO SILVA
  • JOAO MANOEL DE FREITAS MOTA
  • JOSÉ AFONSO PEREIRA VITÓRIO
  • Data: 24-feb-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • As a sealing element, ceramic block masonry panels have been commonly adopted in multi-story buildings. In Brazil, although its use is being considered at the design stage only as a function of filling spaces, it has contributed to the redistribution of stresses and reduction of deformations, due to the increase in the rigidity of the system. Currently, some international standards specify parameters related to design considerations, but with caveats and restrictions, in addition to differences between them that lead to discrepant results. It appears that the scientific community has not yet reached a consensus with regard to the effective widths of the diagonals, discontinuities of the panels and characterization in the design stage of the behavior closer to the actual performance in service. Thus, the present study focused on defining the behavior of structural systems of reinforced concrete buildings, considering the influence of ceramic block masonry panels. This is done through numerical analysis, with the help of Eberick and ANSYS software. For this, a 27-story building was modeled, located in the city of Recife-PE. In the first stage, the method of equivalent diagonals was used to model 16 different structural systems considering the masonry panel of ceramic blocks as filling. The evaluated variables were the critical points related to tensions and deformations. In the second stage, the finite element method was used to evaluate the system locally. The results found in the first analysis showed divergence between the equivalent diagonals, with 25% of the mathematical models not fitting the problem. The insertion of masonry panels in the system contributed to a redistribution of efforts, reduction of lateral displacements, global stability, P-delta effect, global geometric imperfections, dynamic analysis, horizontal accelerations and natural frequency. In the numerical analysis by finite elements, the reduction of lateral deformations was also verified. Some efforts influenced the contact interfaces and panel edges, resulting in sliding and detachment effects. In panels with discontinuities, it was verified that the equivalent diagonal does not present the same behavior as a fully filled panel. The equivalent diagonal was characterized, with an average value of . This value has a good approximation with previous formulations, diverging on average by only 3.46%. It was found that the effect of peeling coatings on buildings is not just a question of the materials involved, but also of the structural behavior of the system.

6
  • MARILIA DANTAS DA SILVA
  • Analyses of Piles Partially Embedded in Rock

  • Líder : ROBERTO QUENTAL COUTINHO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • FRANCISCO DE REZENDE LOPES
  • FAICAL MASSAD
  • PAULO GUSTAVO CAVALCANTE LINS
  • ROBERTO QUENTAL COUTINHO
  • ROBSON RIBEIRO LIMA
  • WILSON CARTAXO SOARES
  • Data: 27-feb-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • In the design of piles partially embedded in rock, the main factors that influence the strength and deformability of the rock and the transmission of loads from pile to rock are of utmost relevance to pile behaviour. Although useful, most empirical methods were developed by comparing limited databases from specific regions, presenting differences in geological conditions, drilling methods and other features. The research deals with a case of piles partially embedded in rock located in the West Zone of the Recife Metropolitan Region, in the town of São Lourenço da Mata, Pernambuco, Brazil. The rock mass consists of ancient deposits, formed mainly by granites of different compositions, gneiss and schists. The deposits have been intensely deformed by several superimposed tectonic processes. Rotative and percussive perforations identified what was considered a "rocky top" at depths ranging from the surface to 12.70 meters, and the first meters drilled in rock are always described as being of low quality, presenting low recovery, marked alteration and intense fracturing. The results of compressive strength were quite variable, ranging from 12.3 to 121.4 MPa, indicating that such values should be considered very carefully and should include other main parameters of the rock in the analysis, such as the discontinuities of the rocky massif. Some laboratory tests were carried out with the purpose of characterizing, classifying the rocky mass and estimating the load capacity of the piles, using the results of uniaxial compression resistance of intact rock, the main parameter for design. Results from 99 dynamic loading tests enabled comparison between the mobilized lateral and mobilized pile toe resistance, with the estimated capacity obtained from the design methods known in the literature (Rosemberg & Journeaux (1976), Horvath (1978), Meigh & Wolski ( 1979), Poulos & Davis (1980), Cabral & Antunes (2000), Rowe & Armitage (1987), AASHTO (1996), Zhang & Einstein (1998), España (2011) e Xu et al. (2020)). In the prediction, the lateral (shear) resistancedue to pile penetration in residual soil was also considered. Because failure was not reached in the dynamic tests, the estimated capacity was much higher than the mobilized resistance. The lateral resistance mobilized by the soil was between 28% and 35% of the total mobilized capacity. The design method from España (2011), Cabral & Antunes (2000) and AASHTO (1996) achieved the most consistent results compared to the mobilized capacity obtained from the dynamic loading tests. Five static loading tests indicated conventional failure loads greater than the mobilized resistancein the 99 dynamic tests. The static tests and some of the dynamic tests were also analyzed by the application of Massad's (1992, 1993) interpretation method. The model conceived by Massad was also applied by himself in several other publications. This mathematical model allows the separation of friction mobilized in soil and rock and toe resistance mobilized by the pile in rock, with distributions compatible with those obtained from CAPWAP analyses. As the tests did not reach the pile failure, parameters of deformability of the rock were retro-analyzed. The variability of the values of Young module found was in a wide range, as expected, due to the marked alteration and intense fracturing of the rock. Regarding the resistance mobilized by friction in the rock, as a function of the uniaxial compressive strength of the specimens extracted from the rocky material, no reliable correlations were obtained, which was justified by the high alteration and intense fracturing of the rock mass.

7
  • TÚLIO DE MOURA CAVALCANTE
  • Simulation of Immiscible Two-phase Flow in 3-D Naturally Fractured Reservoirs Using a Locally Conservative Method, a Projection-Based Embedded Discrete Fracture Model and Unstructured Tetrahedral Meshes

  • Líder : PAULO ROBERTO MACIEL LYRA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • RAMIRO BRITO WILLMERSDORF
  • IGOR FERNANDES GOMES
  • MARCIO ARAB MURAD
  • MÁRCIO RODRIGO DE ARAÚJO SOUZA
  • PHILIPPE REMY BERNARD DEVLOO
  • Data: 10-mar-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Fluid flow in fractured porous media is a truly relevant phenomenon, because most of the remaining oil reserves around the world reside in this type of formations, in addition to the fact that fractures are also present in less deep layers of the crust, which makes them also influential in water extraction and waste dispersion. Two-phase flow can be mathematically described by a set of nonlinear partial differential equations but modeling this type of problem represents a great challenge, due to the complexity of depositional environments, beyond the presence of the fractures. In such cases, it is particularly complex to construct structured meshes capable of adequately modeling the reservoir. In this work, a new strategy was developed to simulate the two-phase flow in three-dimensional fractured porous media whose model is discretized as a mesh of tetrahedrons. Such a strategy is based on a multi-point flux approximation that uses the so-called "diamond stencil" (MPFA-D), considering an Embedded Discrete Fractures Model (EDFM) and a projection-based EDFM (pEDFM) to include the influences of fractures in the reservoir global model. The MPFA-D is a robust and flexible formulation, capable of handling highly heterogeneous and anisotropic domains, achieving second order accuracy on the scalar variable, and at least first order accuracy for fluxes. However, as other linear MPFA methods, it does not formally guarantee monotone solutions and may return spurious oscillations in the pressure field for highly anisotropic permeability tensors or extremely distorted meshes. To handle this problem, it was developed a non-linear defect correction alternative to enforce the Discrete Maximum Principle (DMP). Besides, EDFM and pEDFM avoid the additional complexity of aligning fractures with edges or faces of the computational mesh, turning its construction more flexible. The saturation terms of the mathematical model are discretized according to the forward Euler method, in context of a fully implicit numerical scheme. In short, the present work intends to present a robust, flexible and computationally efficient tool capable of handling fractured reservoirs, using 3-D unstructured tetrahedral meshes, when simulating two-phase flows.

8
  • JOSE ELOIM SILVA DE MACEDO
  • Development of Optimization Models Based on Evolutionary Techniques for the Design of Water Distribution Networks

  • Líder : JOSE ROBERTO GONCALVES DE AZEVEDO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • SILVANETE SEVERINO DA SILVA
  • ANDERSON LUIZ RIBEIRO DE PAIVA
  • ARTUR PAIVA COUTINHO
  • LEIDJANE MARIA MACIEL DE OLIVEIRA
  • MARCO AURELIO HOLANDA DE CASTRO
  • Data: 05-abr-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • High population growth makes new water distribution network (WDN) projects being designed daily. These networks are an essential part of the water supply systems, continuously and uninterruptedly transporting potable water from reservoirs to the end users, guaranteeing quality, quantity and adequate pressure. However, due to the high implementation and operation costs, and the specific complexity of each network, designers and researchers are developing optimization models that seek the best and most solutions for the sizing, with the lowest possible computational cost. Thus, this thesis presents two new optimization methodologies. The first one is a hybrid model, composed by the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Tabu Search (TS) algorithms, called H-PSOTS. PSO is based on the dynamics and social behavior of several animal species, while TS is a method that limits repetitive movements on the search. The inclusion of TS in PSO makes the search more efficient, avoiding unnecessary calculations during the solution updates. Both, PSO and TS are evolutionary algorithms, whose optimization technique is metaheuristic, and stand out for presenting robust and logical search strategies. However, the randomness in the formation of the initial solution set of the problem, characteristic of this type of algorithm, can lead to premature convergence in a local optimum and to a reduction in computational efficiency, making the search more exhaustive. To solve this problem, the second proposed model, called PSO-Reboot Cycles or PSO-RC, objective a greater global exploration of the search space with cycles of the algorithm's own reinitialization, without losing information from previous searches, such as the position of the last local optimum found. The models proposed were evaluated on three benchmark problems and on the Panelas-PE water distribution network, and presented better performances than the conventional PSO, resulting in better “optimal” solutions and shorter processing time. Therefore, the proposed methodologies are promising for efficient sizing of water distribution networks.

9
  • PEDRO EUGENIO SILVA DE OLIVEIRA
  • Estimate Of Average Settlement In Foundation: A New Method

  • Líder : SILVIO ROMERO DE MELO FERREIRA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • BERNADETE RAGONI DANZIGER
  • LEONARDO JOSE DO NASCIMENTO GUIMARAES
  • MAURÍCIO MARTINES SALES
  • OLAVO FRANCISCO DOS SANTOS JUNIOR
  • PAULO JOSE ROCHA DE ALBUQUERQUE
  • Data: 11-abr-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The concept of deep and superficial foundation undergoes an international process of revisitation. Of the various issues raised, the main question is the behavior of composite foundations, such as the piled raft. Which is composed of the junction of superficial and deep foundations, both working concomitantly. However, recently the paradigm has been inverted, meaning that composite foundations are no longer written as presenting two dimensions (superficial and deep), but superficial and deep foundations would be a particular and extreme case of the piled raft that starts to represent the generalization of the foundation concept from this point of view. Therefore, themes are intertwined to weave the background of knowledge about the behavior of foundations. Topics such as group effect, verification of the service limit state and optimization of the arrangement of the piles in the system, assume centrality in the research and development of the articles. From the world to Brazil, from Brazil to Pernambuco, efforts are being made to answer questions regarding this new paradigm. Research carried out in Recife, such as by Oliveira et al (2018), Amorim (2019) and Almeida et al (2020), is moving towards elucidating pertinent issues and advancing issues of systematized knowledge so far. This work is based on the extended concept of foundations and aligns with regional and international efforts, to propose a new methodology to predict the average settlement of buildings, that works as a staked raft or at its end as agroup of piles. As a result, it is possible to demonstrate and find a parameter that relates the rigidity of the system (λ), reducing the typically non-linear analysis to a linear and easier-to-manipulate analysis of Improvement Factor versus Demand for Piles (N). 159 cases were evaluated (throughout the bibliographic review) for the application of the methodology, of which 6 were used. Soon after, parametric analysis, numerical validation with two finite element softwares and application for 9 research/construction cases are carried out, of which 3 studied internationally, 2 studied nationally and 4 locally. All the results of the methodology adjustments have an R² correlation coefficient greater than 0.89. A fact that confirms its great potential for application for practical purposes in foundation engineering. Finally, the possibility of estimating λ based on the methodology of Mandolini (2012) is analyzed, which considers the geometry of the foundation. A modification to the method is suggested, in order to consider the peculiarities of the foundation system associated with improvement columns. As a  conclusion, the hypothesis is confirmed, and it is demonstrated that it is possible to estimate the foundation settlements in rafts from the proposed methodology.

10
  • ANTONIO GUSTAVO DOS SANTOS NETO
  • Formation of Microalgae-Bacterial Aggregates in High Rate Algal Ponds Aiming at the Recovery of Resources and Wastewater Treatment

  • Líder : MARIA DE LOURDES FLORENCIO DOS SANTOS
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • BRUNA SCANDOLARA MAGNUS
  • ELIZABETH AMARAL PASTICH GONCALVES
  • GUSTAVO HENRIQUE RIBEIRO DA SILVA
  • MARCIO GOMES BARBOZA
  • MARIA LÚCIA CALIJURI
  • Data: 20-abr-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • High Rate Algal Ponds (HRAP) for sewage treatment and microalgae production are a technology that has been studied since the 1950s. In these systems, the biomass can be used as several value-added products. However algae harvesting is still a challenge, once it is an expensive process, which often uses chemical products or demands a lot of energy. The present work proposes a biological alternative to be applied in HRAP in order to improve the efficiency of biomass harvesting, allowing sewage treatment and resource recovery, which are the microalgae-bacteria aggregates. In the first stage, a strategy was developed for the formation of these structures, which consisted of inoculating 50L HRAPs with activated sludge, and no need for microalgae inoculation. In addition, the systems were operated with biomass recirculation. From this experiment, it was observed that the applied conditions were favorable for the formation of aggregates, which demonstrated SVI30 of 32.0±5.0 mL.g-1, flocculation efficiency of 77.5±6.3%, and COD removal and ammoniacal nitrogen around 80%. Moreover, the formed aggregates contained chlorophytes, cyanobacteria and diatoms, and the protein fraction of EPS was associated with its formation process. The second and third stages of this study evaluated the effect of inoculation with the use of activated sludge, as well as the increase in water depth, on the biomass formation process, sedimentability, sewage treatment and resource recovery. For this, 3 high-rate ponds fed with effluents from a UASB reactor were operated: the first was not inoculated, had a usable volume of 2.4m³ and a usable depth of 0.3m (LAT30SL); the second was inoculated with activated sludge, had a usable volume of 2.4m³ and usable depth of 0.3m (LAT30CL); the third, which was also inoculated with activated sludge, had a usable volume of 4m³ and a useful height of 0.5m (LAT50CL). The operational strategy at all stages consisted in an initial operation for biomass formation, followed by operation in a continuous regime. In this way, both the insertion of activated sludge and the increase in pond depth, contributed to control pH and dissolved oxygen. Filamentous microalgae were associated with the aggregate formation process in LAT30CL and LAT50CL. The sedimentability assessment demonstrated that LAT30CL and LAT50CL obtained higher efficiencies (82% and 92%) than the conventional HRAP – LAT30SL (63%). Besides, it was also observed that the increase in depth contributed to the increase in solids and chlorophyll a productivity. Ponds inoculated with sludge also indicated more efficient in organic matter removal, however they contained nitrate due to nitrification activity. The three systems behaved similarly in nutrient recovery, obtaining higher concentrations of evaluated compounds when compared to the sludge used for inoculum.

11
  • CARLOS VITOR DA SILVA SARMENTO
  • Formulation for the Structural Gallop in Three Degrees of Freedom Via the Finite Element Method: Application in Dynamics Analysis of Wind Turbines with a Non-circular Section Tower

  • Líder : PAULO MARCELO VIEIRA RIBEIRO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • JOSÉ LUÍS VITAL DE BRITO
  • DOUGLAS MATEUS DE LIMA
  • GUSTAVO DE NOVAES PIRES LEITE
  • PAULO FERNANDO SILVA SOUSA
  • TIAGO ANCELMO DE CARVALHO PIRES DE OLIVEIRA
  • Data: 25-abr-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The wind energy potential provides an alternative for obtaining electricity in a clean way and with low environmental impact. With this, the global wind sector has been undergoing a constant evolution in its scenario regarding the implementation of parks and development of new technologies. With the increase in the dimensions of wind turbines (upscaling), new towers have been implemented with the aim of overcoming transportation and installation limitations. Among these structures, the following stand out: Hexcrete, tetradecagonal and modular. By escaping from the towers with conventional circular sections, new effects must be considered in the dynamic analysis, among them the structural gallop, which is a phenomenon of aerodynamic instability responsible for causing an increase in the amplitude of the tower (Displacements and rotations). Unlike the circular sections, the analyzed towers have variations in aerodynamic coefficients as a function of the angle of attack. This approach allows analyzing regions susceptible to structural gallop considering the three degrees of freedom: two translational (parallel and transversal to the wind direction) and one rotational. To obtain the aerodynamic coefficients, and their derivatives, computer simulations were performed for the sections in question through the ANSYS program in its CFX module. Once the numerical tests were carried out, abacuses were created for application in the structural module. To compute the aerodynamic loads of the rotor, simulations were performed in the FAST program, using the NREL 5-MW model turbine, allowing validations with the literature. In possession of the aerodynamic parameters of the tower and load on the rotor, it was applied in the code in MATLAB. Comparisons with the other formulations found in the literature for structural and aerodynamic damping indicated that the three-degree-of-freedom (MEF) system provides the designer with the ability to indicate regions more vulnerable to structural gallop, and also allows capturing effects not computed by the other analyses. that may impact structural stability. The tower was analyzed for different sections (non-circular) and adopting various load cases and wind incidence angle, evaluating the susceptibility to aerodynamic instability.

12
  • AMANDA RODRIGUES SANTOS COSTA
  • Life Cycle Sustainability Analysis of urban waste management systems: the case of the city of Paulista/PE, Brazil

  • Líder : JOSE FERNANDO THOME JUCA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • MAURICIO ALVES DA MOTTA SOBRINHO
  • LUCIANA DE FIGUEIRÊDO LOPES LUCENA
  • GERALDO ANTONIO REICHERT
  • CLAUDIA COUTINHO NOBREGA
  • BERTRAND SAMPAIO DE ALENCAR
  • Data: 27-abr-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The management of urban solid waste is a challenge for municipalities due to its complexity and related costs. The National Solid Waste Policy established integrated management as a principle, with a clear and systemic approach, considering the life cycle. The Sustainability Life Cycle Analysis includes, in addition to the environmental analysis, Life Cycle Costing and Social Life Cycle Assessment. Thus, this study aims to use this methodology to analyze the economic, social and environmental performance of urban solid waste management systems as a support for structuring guidelines and public policies. For that, a case study was developed in the city of Paulista, Pernambuco, Brazil. The application of the Life Cycle Sustainability Analysis methodology followed the guidelines of the ABNT NBR ISO 14040 standard. The analysis of the solid household waste management system of the municipality allowed the identification of environmental impacts, verifying that the stage of common collection and landfilling of waste in a landfill without energy recovery are the processes that contribute most to the impact categories analyzed. The life cycle cost demonstrates that there is no financial sustainability, as there is a relevant commitment of the municipal budget and there is no financial self-sufficiency, due to the low collection with the fees charged for the services. The Social Life Cycle Assessment made it possible to verify that the current system of the municipality partially complies with the principles of the legislation, requiring improvements in the communication mechanism with the population and the commitment of the public power with sustainability actions. In view of the analysis of the city's current system, waste management scenarios were proposed based on different recovery percentages of the dry fraction (with selective collection, sorting and recycling) and the wet fraction (through composting) and the final disposal in sanitary landfill with energy recovery. It was observed that the highest material recovery rates resulted in improvement of all impact categories, with the exception of terrestrial acidification, which, due to composting, presented high values. Recycling was the main activity responsible for offsetting negative environmental impacts in all scenarios. The scenario in which there is a recovery target of 20% of the dry fraction and 30% of the organic waste is the scenario with the lowest net cost, showing a reduction of almost 34% in costs. The scenario with the highest waste recovery rates did not present the best net cost, as composting represents a high operation and maintenance value and larger volumes sent to this unit represent higher costs, even with the generation of a by-product that can be sold. However, in no scenario is there financial sustainability, evidencing the adjustment in the collection rate. As for social aspects, the insertion of recyclable material collectors, greater investments in actions to recover materials involving the population, as well as demanding greater participation from the public authorities, represent an improvement. In general, aggregation of the methods into a single index is not indicated, but it is possible to infer that scenarios with higher rates of waste recovery have a tendency to be more sustainable, but the limit at which composting is efficient in reducing impacts and minimizing costs must be observed.

13
  • CARLOS FABRICIO ASSUNCAO DA SILVA
  • Spatial Analysis of the Environmental Impacts Generated by Official and Unofficial Roads Whitin Indigenous Land of the Amazon Biome

  • Líder : MAURICIO OLIVEIRA DE ANDRADE
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • FABRIZIA GIOPPO NUNES
  • ALEX MOTA DOS SANTOS
  • ANISIO BRASILEIRO DE FREITAS DOURADO
  • SIMONE SAYURI SATO
  • VIVIANE ADRIANO FALCAO
  • Data: 11-may-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The thesis document consists of two articles, which analyze the influence of the road network on Indigenous Lands (TIs) located in the Amazon Biome. Thus, the main objective is to carry out a spatial analysis of the environmental impacts generated by the construction and operation of official and unofficial roads within and around (10 km buffer) of the Indigenous Lands. The hypothesis of this research is that, as official and unofficial roads cross or are close to Indigenous Lands, there is a tendency to increase the deforested area and the number of active hot spots. For Article 1, the methodology was implemented in a Geographic Information System and applied the methods: Gaussian Mixture Model, Weighted Least Squares Regression (WLS), and Generalized Linear Models (GLM). In the second article, regression by ordinary least squares and the Kernel Density Estimator was used. The main results of the first article revealed six clusters. Some ILs suffer direct impacts from the roads, while others are better preserved. Regression models revealed that active hot spots, illegal mining, and unofficial roads within ILs are the drivers of deforestation. The overall results indicated that for every 1km of unofficial road, deforestation increases by 0.036 km². However, when analyzing regression models for clusters, we conclude that only 45% of the land is currently affected by road infrastructure. The results for the second article reveal that, in total, 16 to 46% of fires occurred within ILs in most states, while the 10 km buffer was the region most affected by the fire. It was confirmed that in the last three years, there was a significant increase in the number of active fires, representing anomalies in the occurrence of fires over the period studied. The main conclusions of this thesis confirm the hypothesis that the official and unofficial road network, directly and indirectly, influences deforestation and the increase in hot spots inside and outside indigenous lands in the Amazon Biome. This implies the exposure of communities, putting their physical and cultural survival at risk, and the expropriation of natural resources in areas of Indigenous Lands. In this way, the Thesis can support responsible institutions by subsidizing strategies to combat the revealed scenarios and conflicts. Thus, more effective inspection and management actions are suggested to preserve the socio-biodiversity of Indigenous Lands.

14
  • ALEXSON CAETANO DA SILVA
  • Hydrological Stress as a Guide in Guaranteeing Water Safety Guarantee

  • Líder : JOSE ROBERTO GONCALVES DE AZEVEDO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ANDERSON LUIZ RIBEIRO DE PAIVA
  • ARTUR PAIVA COUTINHO
  • CARLOS DE OLIVEIRA GALVÃO
  • LEIDJANE MARIA MACIEL DE OLIVEIRA
  • MICAELLA RAISSA FALCAO DE MOURA
  • Data: 23-may-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The management of water resources needs tools to help decision-making in the multipleactivities related to water. The dissemination and application of methods that can increaseefficiency and assertiveness is crucial for successful decisions. The present study brings twotools to assist in this decision-making: the degree of hydrological stress (HS) and automaticcalibration. In this sense, the degree of hydrological stress for the Goiana river basin isdetermined, the indicator defines threshold values for the proportion between the peak value ofthe set of demand flows and a given percentile of the permanence curve according to thecriteria for concession of grant from the State, thus evaluating levels of hydrological stress inthe studied sub-basins. The other tool studied in the work is the sensitivity analysis andautomatic calibration of hydrological parameters, for the Goiana basin. A hydrological modelingstructure of the basin was built in the PCSMMM hydrodynamic model (Personal ComputerStorm Water Management Model) and the analyzes were carried out in 10 sub-basins. Basedon the model developed for the basin, the resources available in the PCSWMM for sensitivityanalysis and automatic calibration, known as SRTC (Sensitivity-based Radio TuningCalibration), were used initially to evaluate the most sensitive parameters and then to performthe adjustment of basin parameters. The results pointed to a situation of “High” hydrologicalstress (HS) in the Nazaré da Mata sub-basin, with approximately 94.76% of conceivable flowutilization. Given these results, this part of the work reinforces the importance of constantmonitoring of data on water use demand in the region and the improvement of granting criteria by management bodies. For the analysis of automatic calibration, the results show a veryadvanced performance of the tools, bringing speed and confidence to the decision making ofwater resources managers.

15
  • REJANE LUCENA
  • Integrated Management of Risks and Disasters associated with Mass Movements with an emphasis on Institutional and Community Resiliences: An Analysis of Resilience Indicators in Areas of the Municipality of Jaboatão dos Guararapes - PE

     

  • Líder : ROBERTO QUENTAL COUTINHO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ROBERTO QUENTAL COUTINHO
  • FABIANO ROCHA DINIZ
  • ROBSON RIBEIRO LIMA
  • SAUL BARBOSA GUEDES
  • RACHEL TRAJBER
  • CYNTHIA CARNEIRO DE ALBUQUERQUE SUASSUNA
  • Data: 29-may-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • In this thesis, the object of study is the growth of increasingly intense risks and disasters, which have caused human, social, environmental and economic damage, as well as a series of concerns at the national and international levels, in favor of construction of strategies aimed at the resilience of cities due to these phenomena. It discusses global treaties, such as the Sendai Framework (2015-2030), the New Urban Agenda (2030) and legal instruments at the national and international levels, such as the principles and guidelines aimed at analyzing prevention, mitigation, preparation, response and recovery (Law No. 12,608/2012), considering public power interventions and their role with social subjects in the context of risk perception and community resilience. Challenges and obstacles regarding the construction of a resilient city are also discussed, guided by the following research question: To what extent does the Municipality of Jaboatão dos Guararapes, a city in the Metropolitan Region of Recife (RMR), in Pernambuco, have invested in Integrated Risk and Disaster Management? It is assumed that institutional and community resilience are built from subsidies related to risk and disaster governance actions and sustainable territorial management, in addition to the compatibility of structural and non-structural actions aimed at building resilience in the city. The relevance of the study is given by the elaboration in this thesis of a system of indicators to relate the degree of institutional resilience (GrResInst) to the degree of community resilience (GrResCom) and, in this way, establish the degree of resilience of the city (GrResCid) of Jaboatão of Guararapes in relation to risks and disasters. Thus, the general objective is: to analyze to what extent the Municipality of Jaboatão of Guararapes, a city in the Metropolitan Region of Recife (RMR), in Pernambuco, has invested in Integrated Risk and Disaster Management, to establish institutional and community capacity to build city resilience. The results involved data referring to 3 (three) institutional resilience indicators, with 13 (thirteen) sub-indicators and 120 (one hundred and twenty) questions, as well as about 3 (three) community resilience indicators with 6 (six) sub-indicators and 71 (seventy-one) questions, assigning, from the intersection of these data, the degree of resilience of the city. The indicators provide a better assessment of strengths and weaknesses in risk and disaster management, in addition to allowing the construction of instruments for the organization and decision-making processes regarding governance. The study demonstrated that the municipal management of Jaboatão dos Guararapes has developed strategic actions at the institutional and community levels, resulting in an average degree (2.27) in the resilience of the city and, in this sense, has sought solutions to the problems of risks and disasters that need to be addressed in the short, medium and long terms.

16
  • DANISETE PEREIRA DE SOUZA NETO
  • Evaluation of the Behavior of Embankments Built on Soft Soil: Geotechnical Monitoring and Two-dimensional and Three-dimensional Numerical Modeling

  • Líder : ROBERTO QUENTAL COUTINHO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • IGOR FERNANDES GOMES
  • ROBSON RIBEIRO LIMA
  • SAUL BARBOSA GUEDES
  • BERNADETE RAGONI DANZIGER
  • RICARDO NASCIMENTO FLORES SEVERO
  • Data: 30-may-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Embankments on soft soils represent a significant challenge in geotechnical engineering due to the complexity associated with low shear strength and high compressibility. The general objective of this research is to develop a three-dimensional modeling of a embankment built on soft soil, considering the analysis of pore pressure and vertical and horizontal displacements, aiming to contribute to the understanding of the behavior of the embankment. The analysis and interpretation of geotechnical monitoring seeks to improve the understanding of the three-dimensional model, the embankment stability control and its possible practical applications in geotechnical engineering. The Rocscience RS3 program was used for three-dimensional modeling and, when necessary, two-dimensional analysis was applied with the RS2 program, also from Rocscience. Monitoring was carried out through the interpretation of instruments such as inclinometer, settlement plate, surface mark and pneumatic piezometer. Through the methods of controlling the stability of employees, an imminent rupture in embankment 5 was identified, which was later confirmed. It was also possible to observe that embankment 3 was at risk of rupture and work stoppage, providing a momentary safety condition. The analysis of vertical displacements in different embankment revealed different and variable behaviors depending on the construction methods adopted and the local conditions of the soft soil deposit. The results of the 2D and 3D numerical simulations showed a good prediction of the embankment behavior, considering the Modified Cam-Clay model.

17
  • GILMAR GONÇALVES DE BRITO
  • Real Time Monitoring System for Geotechnical Application on Slopes-RTMSGAS

  • Líder : ROBERTO QUENTAL COUTINHO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • IGOR FERNANDES GOMES
  • SAUL BARBOSA GUEDES
  • ROBSON RIBEIRO LIMA
  • RODOLFO MOREDA MENDES
  • MEUSE NOGUEIRA DE OLIVEIRA JÚNIOR
  • Data: 31-may-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Understanding the geokinetic behavior of mass movements in landslides is of vital importance as a way of preventing and mitigating human and environmental damage. In this study, the development of a Real Time Hillside Geotechnical Monitoring System (SMGRETR), model was implemented in an urban area susceptible to landslides, within the Metropolitan Region of Recife-PE, Brazil. For this, a set of geotechnical and pluviometric measurement equipment using instruments such as: inclinometer, pluviometer, soil moisture content measurement sensors (magnetometry and electromagnetic wave emission), were integrated with electronic devices and analysis methods, in order to guarantee the functionality and automation of the systems, as described below: 1) software (server) with processing and storage in clouds and hardware based on the concepts of internet of things - IOT; 2) Communication technologies – LoRa, GPRS/GSM and GPS/GNSS; 3) Microelectromechanical system – MEMS; 4) a system for processing and storing data in clouds (SPAN), which receives information (data) from its respective sensors and the Pernambuco Water and Climate Agency – APAC; 5) Energy management system with the respective energy modules (photovoltaic plate). In addition, as a methodological strategy, an automated system for measuring soil moisture content was developed using a microwave oven to allow calibration and measurement of the system's moisture content sensors. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed model can provide accurate information on geotechnical aspects with a greater breadth of analysis, establishing a comprehensive method for the investigation and monitoring of slopes. On the other hand, even due to the reduction of operational costs and materials used in this project, the system can offer an affordable and reliable strategy compared to other system models on the market.

18
  • GEILSON MÁRCIO ALBUQUERQUE DE VASCONCELOS
  • Experimental Analysis of Ceramic Block Walls Submitted to Fire

  • Líder : TIAGO ANCELMO DE CARVALHO PIRES DE OLIVEIRA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ROMILDE ALMEIDA DE OLIVEIRA
  • CRISTIANO CORREA
  • FERNANDO ARTUR NOGUEIRA SILVA
  • JOSÉ AFONSO PEREIRA VITÓRIO
  • LEONARDO MEDEIROS DA COSTA
  • Data: 01-jun-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The ceramic blick masonry construction system has been used in civil construction for a long time. It is necessary, in this sense, to understand its performance at room temperature and fire so that such action becomes relevant, since several fires have occurred in recent years in this type of building. Thus, this thesis sought to contribute to the evaluation of masonry walls made of ceramic blicks common non-structural and structural masonry, when simultaneously subjected to mechanical and thermal loads. The study also evaluated the behavior of insulated ceramic blicks and mortars under high temperatures in three test conditions: hot failure, failure after sudden cooling and failure after slow cooling. Therefore, the work developed an experimental series with 19 walls of common and structural ceramic blicks, analyzes at room temperature and under fire. The fire-tested walls had one of their faces heated according to the standard fire curve ISO 834 (2014) until they reached failure due to thermal insulation, tightness or mechanical strength. Walls with structural blicks tested at room temperature showed low values of resistant capacity, still below normative values and close to practical service loads. In a fire situation, the sealing walls, that is, with common ceramic blicks, failed due to thermal insulation, when there were no loads applied; however, when load was applied, the failure became due to mechanical resistance and low fire resistance, not reaching the 30-minute class. The structural walls, on the other hand, presented a much better fire performance, reaching a class of 150 minutes, failing due to thermal insulation; however, higher loads altered the failure criterion, also reducing the TRRF. Therefore, it can be highlighted that there was a variability in the results, characteristic of ceramic blicks, indicating the need for further research in this area of walls submitted simultaneously to mechanical load and fire.

19
  • JOSÉ CÍCERO ARAUJO DOS SANTOS
  • Multiscale and Multilevel Methods with Non Uniform Levels and Control of non Physical Terms for the Simulation of Two Phase Flows in Highly Heterogeneous Petroleum Reservoirs

  • Líder : PAULO ROBERTO MACIEL LYRA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ALESSANDRO ROMARIO ECHEVARRIA ANTUNES
  • ALVARO LUIZ GAYOSO DE AZEREDO COUTINHO
  • JOSÉ ROBERTO PEREIRA RODRIGUES
  • MÁRCIO RODRIGO DE ARAÚJO SOUZA
  • RAMIRO BRITO WILLMERSDORF
  • Data: 21-jun-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Currently, geocellular models of petroleum reservoirs can have sizes on the order of up to 10⁹ control volumes and, in general, dynamic simulation of these models at fine scales is limited in function of the associated considerable computational cost. In general, upscaling techniques are used to define less refined models that can be handled with available resources. These techniques consist of a kind of homogenization of the fine-scale parameters, which im-plies a loss of information and leads to low accuracy (compared to direct simulation on the fine scale), especially for media with high heterogeneity. On the latest decades, Multiscale Finite Volumes (MSFV) methods have been developed to minimize these losses. These techniques use auxiliary meshes, primal and dual on the coarse scale, to define the scale transfer operators, restriction and prolongation, and provide more accurate solutions than those obtained with upscaling techniques at low computational cost relative to the fine-scale direct solution. A major challenge for multiscale methods is modeling flow in very heterogeneous oil reservoirs. This is due to the use of reduced boundary conditions (RBCs) to decouple the global problem at the boundaries of the sub regions. i.e. coarse scale. These boundary conditions are at the core of multiscale methods, as they allow the scale transfer operators definition. However, the RBCs induce non-physical terms, negative transmissibilities, at the transmissibility matrix of the coarse scale, which can lead to spurious solutions. In this work, on the context of the AMS (Algebraic Multiscale Solver), we present two strategies to control non-physical terms: The first groups the volumes of the dual mesh and eliminates RBCs in problematic regions with high permeability contrasts that cross the boundary volumes of this mesh. The second uses the definition of non-uniform levels and maintain on fine scale the volumes that would generate large contributions to the non-physical terms in order to control the non-physical terms in the multilevel transmissibility matrix, as well as, well capturing the saturation front, resulting on the method we called Algebraic Dynamic Multilevel with Non Uniform Levels (NU-ADM). The proposed strategies were successfully applied to obtain approximate solutions of benchmarks that are considered challenging among authors in the field of scale transfer methods in porous media. We use two contexts for application: In the first, we apply our strategies with the Implicit Pressure Explicit Saturation (IMPES) method and use our methods to get an approximate pressure solution and solve the saturation field explicitly at the fine scale. In the second, we apply the strategy with non-uniform levels and the Fully Implicit Method (FIM), where both the pressure and saturation are solved monolithically at the non-uniform multilevel scale.

20
  • CAMILA BORBA RODRIGUES
  • UTILIZATION OF WATER TREATMENT PLANT SLUDGE AS RAW MATERIAL IN RED CERAMIC PRODUCTION: effects of calcination and grinding
  • Líder : ARNALDO MANOEL PEREIRA CARNEIRO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ALINE FIGUEIREDO DA NÓBREGA
  • ARNALDO MANOEL PEREIRA CARNEIRO
  • EUDES DE ARIMATÉA ROCHA
  • JANAIDE CAVALCANTE ROCHA
  • MARIA ISABEL MORAIS TORRES
  • YÊDA VIEIRA PÓVOAS
  • Data: 06-jul-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The construction industry is increasingly looking for sustainable and economically viable alternatives for building materials production. In this context, drinking water treatment sludge (DWTS) has emerged as a potential alternative raw material to clay in the production of red ceramics. However, various authors have contested the use of this residue because the quality of the ceramic material has been compromised due to the characteristics of the sludge, such as particle size and high organic matter content. This study investigates the influence of DWTS calcination and grinding on the quality of ceramic materials produced from binary mixtures of DWTS and clay. Samples of DWTS and clay were collected in the Metropolitan Region of Recife (RMR), and physical, chemical, and mineralogical analyses were carried out. Binary mixtures of WTPS and clay in different proportions and beneficiation conditions were produced, and two types of clay were studied with substitution rates of 0, 5, 10, and 20% of sludge. The test specimens were molded and characterized for their physical, mechanical, chemical, and mineralogical properties. It was found that the properties of ceramics are affected by the incorporation of DWTS, tending to increase their shrinkage and water absorption and reduce their mechanical strength depending on the sludge content for any beneficiation type. The study showed that the form, calcination, and grinding have little influence on the properties of ceramics, with the type of clay and sludge content being more important. Therefore, priority should be given to the use of raw sludge as there is no additional energy expenditure for its beneficiation. Finally, the conclusions suggest that the particle size distribution of substituted clay should be observed seeking balance with respect to clay content and fluxing agents, avoiding significant changes in ceramics produced with DWTS. The incorporation of sludge in ceramic production contributes to the proper disposal of this waste and reduces the environmental impact caused by clay extraction in construction industry.
21
  • DEYVISON LUIZ ANDRADE DE SOUZA
  • Methodological Proposal for the Distribution of Socio-Environmental ICMS Resources Related to Solid Waste in Pernambuco


  • Líder : MARIA DO CARMO MARTINS SOBRAL
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • FABRICIO MOTTERAN
  • GILSON LIMA DA SILVA
  • EDVANIA TORRES AGUIAR GOMES
  • ÉRIKA ALVES TAVARES MARQUES
  • ROGÉRIA MENDES DO NASCIMENTO
  • Data: 06-jul-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The ecological Tax of Operations Relating to the Circulation of Goods and on the Provision of Services of Interstate, Intermunicipal and Communication Transport (ICMS) is a political instrument that takes into consideration environmental criteria for the sharing of ICMS revenue destined for Brazilian municipalities. This instrument is capable of promoting improvements in municipalities with regard to social and environmental aspects, consequently improving the quality of life for residents and combating forms of environmental pollution. In Pernambuco, the ecological ICMS is known as the Socio-environmental ICMS, and the environmental criteria are based on conservation units, protection of bodies of water, and proper disposal of solid waste from municipalities. In order for a municipality to be entitled to a share of the resources from the Socio-environmental ICMS related to solid waste in Pernambuco, it is necessary for the State Environmental Agency (CPRH) to evaluate the municipality in terms of criteria related to sanitary landfill and composting unit. The evaluation of both criteria related to the proportion of the population that makes up the municipal population will be responsible for resulting in the financial value that the State Court of Auditors of Pernambuco (TCE/PE) will transfer to the municipality. This research aimed to propose an adapted methodology for the distribution of resources from the Socio-environmental ICMS related to solid waste in the state of Pernambuco through the insertion of a new criterion in the CPRH evaluation system named the Municipal Environmental Management Index (IGAM). The new criterion consists of ten environmental indicators reported by municipalities to the National Sanitation Information System (SNIS) in the year 2020 and concerns municipal environmental management. The acceptance of IGAM was validated by experts in the field of environment through the application of an online questionnaire that used the Delphi methodology to obtain responses. With the inclusion of the new criterion in the CPRH evaluation system, this research simulated the performance of municipalities in Pernambuco in five proposed scenarios, using information on the distribution of resources from the ICMS related to solid waste in 2019. The analysis of the scenarios revealed that the inclusion of a new criterion in the CPRH evaluation system aligns better with the distribution of resources from the Socio-environmental ICMS related to solid waste and contributes to strengthening municipal environmental management, focusing mainly on selective wastecollection and recycling and contributing to the implementation of Sustainable Development Goals (ODS) 11, 12 and 13 of the 2030 Agenda in Pernambuco.

22
  • LEIDY LAURA ÁLVAREZ BERRÍO
  • Contributions to the Study of Flow in Deformable Fractured Media: Shape Factor, Pseudo-Coupling and Topological Analysis

  • Líder : LEONARDO JOSE DO NASCIMENTO GUIMARAES
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • BERNARDO HOROWITZ
  • FLÁVIA DE OLIVEIRA LIMA FALCÃO
  • IGOR FERNANDES GOMES
  • LICIA MOUTA DA COSTA
  • SIDARTA ARAUJO DE LIMA
  • Data: 28-jul-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Naturally fractured reservoirs are present in the various lithostratigraphic units of shales, sandstones, carbonates, among others. Carbonate reservoirs stand out, representing a large part of the world's oil and gas reserves. In Brazil, the reservoirs of the Pre-Salt layer stand out for presenting challenging geological characteristics for Brazilian engineering. The Pre-Salt comprises an area of approximately 149 thousand square kilometers offshore, between the states of Santa Catarina and Espírito Santo, with a total depth of approximately 7 km (Petrobras, 2017). Usually the structure of these reservoirs is composed of two structures, the rock matrix and fractures, where fractures can function as channels or barriers to flow. When fractures develop high flow conductivity they cause premature water breakthrough in producing wells, compromising the efficiency of the reservoir matrix sweep (Bratton & Gillespie, 2006). The development of pre-salt carbonate reservoirs involves several problems such as: the coupling of mechanical deformation processes induced by fluid pressure on the matrix rock and fractures, the fluid flow inside the matrix and fractures, the interaction of fluid flows from the matrix and fractures, the deformations of the matrix rock and fractures, among others (Adachi et al., 2007; T. Chen et al., 2014). However, due to the large number of processes involved, the heterogeneity of the medium and the magnitude and direction of the in situ stresses make the modeling of the coupled hydromechanical problem very complex. The dual porosity approach is one of the computationally efficient and commonly used methods to model the flow in the fracture-matrix system. It was first introduced by (Barenblatt et al., 1960). In this model, the matrix and fracture are divided into two independent systems: the fractures are
    conceptualized to serve as main global flow pathways (fractures have high permeability and low storage volume), while the continuous matrix, which acts as sinks or main sources of fluid storage (matrix blocks have high storage volume and low permeability), are locally connected to each other as well as interact directly or indirectly with the globally connecting fractures. Then, the dual porosity concept was extended and applied to the field of petroleum engineering by (Warren & Root, 1963) mainly for pressure test analysis. Within the dual porosity/permeability formulation is involved the fluid transfer term between the matrix and the fracture, related to the shape factor. As will be seen in the next chapters, this subject has been studied by several authors, who have developed constant values of the transfer term proper to the geometry of the model analyzed. However, these shape factor constants cannot fully explain the transient phenomenon of the system, because it is usually associated with the pseudo-stationary state, which would cause large calculation error at the initial stage of the flow. Therefore, the authors focused on the description of the transient pressure by solving the pressure diffusion equation inside the matrix block. In addition to the shape factor there are properties such as topology, equivalent permeability, which allows characterizing the natural fracture system, allowing to know the connectivity of this network and its importance in the flow of fluids. (Sævik & Nixon, 2017; Sanderson & Nixon, 2015a).In this work, a comparison between the DFN, Double porosity / double permeability and simple porosity
    models is presented, with the aim of identifying, taking into account the considerations of each model, which one allows to have a real knowledge of the reservoir, for this purpose the concept of geomechanical pseudo-coupling tables is used where the volumetric deformation of the fracture system and matrix is considered.
23
  • SAMARA FERNANDA DA SILVA
  • Land Use And Cover of the Soil and Precipitation in the Values of the Rio Grande Basi Basin - BA


     

     


  • Líder : SUZANA MARIA GICO LIMA MONTENEGRO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ANDREA SOUSA FONTES
  • ALFREDO RIBEIRO NETO
  • CAROLYNE WANESSA LINS DE ANDRADE
  • JOSICLEDA DOMICIANO GALVINCIO
  • RICHARDE MARQUES DA SILVA
  • Data: 03-ago-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The Rio Grande basin (BHRG) is an important tributary of the São Francisco river, it is part of one of the most active agricultural frontiers in the world and has been undergoing changes in land use and land cover (LUCC). Additionally, the decade from 2010 to 2020 was marked by a reduction in rainfall, which contributed to an almost exponential increase in irrigated agriculture. Such factors culminated in the increase of land and water tenure conflicts. Thus, understanding the hydrological processes becomes crucial for the management of the basin's waters. Thus, this research aimed to evaluate the effects/impacts of changes in land cover use and precipitation on the components of the water balance of the Rio Grande basin, in particular on the flow regime. The two variables – precipitation and the LUCC – were then initially studied separately and, subsequently, hydrological modeling was carried out and, finally, simulations were carried out to evaluate separately and separately the effects of the two variables on surface runoff. Due to the low density of the rainfall network, it chose to use the rainfall estimated by the Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation with Station data (CHIRPS) product, which required validation using the “point-to-pixel” technique. Eleven rainfall stations were used and then compared with those estimated by CHIRPS, on a monthly basis using the period 1981 to 2020. CHIPRS was accurate in detecting rainfall, satisfactory in the probability of detecting these events and exhibited good ability to represent spatial variation. precipitation time. The LUCC analysis was carried out using landscape ecology metrics (from 1990 to 2020) and correlations of areas of use classes with flows near the basin outlet. Significant reductions in the areas of the classes were observed, especially of native vegetation (reductions) and anthropized areas (increase). There was a trend of reductions in average, minimum and maximum flows and strong significant correlations between average and minimum flows with the increase in areas of rainfed agriculture, irrigated agriculture, pasture and urban infrastructure. In the hydrological modeling, the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model was used, which was fed with CHIRPS estimates, calibrated and validated for three different periods (LUCC 1990 and climatological data from 1981 to 1995; LUCC 2010 and climatological data from 1996 to 2010; LUCC 2015 and climatological data from 2011 to 2020) using the multi-site-sequential calibration technique. After this stage, using the 'one factor at a time' technique, experiments were simulated – LUCC combination arrangement and precipitation series estimated by CHIRPS. The results show that the SWAT performed satisfactorily in its analysis in the three periods studied on a monthly scale, especially in the headwaters sub-basins. The model well represented the progressive decline of flows in all fluviometric stations. Precipitation was the most sensitive variable in the generation of runoff, however as precipitation is reduced, the sensitivity of runoff from BHGR to LUCC increases.

    .

24
  • ERICKA PATRICIA LIMA DE BRITO PAIVA
  • Study on the Use of Organic Waste from the State of Pernambuco Supply and Logistics Center for the Production of Biogas

  • Líder : JOSE FERNANDO THOME JUCA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • FERNANDO FERNANDES
  • FRANCISCO SUETONIO BASTOS MOTA
  • MARIA DE LOS ANGELES PEREZ FERNANDEZ
  • MAURICIO ALVES DA MOTTA SOBRINHO
  • SERGIO PERES RAMOS DA SILVA
  • Data: 11-ago-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The use of biodigesters for the treatment of organic waste aiming at the energetic use of biogas is commonly observed all over the world, especially in Europe and China, presenting nutritional results from the point of view of management, economy and environment. Thus, the importance of this study lies in evaluating the technical viability of applying anaerobic digestion technology in the treatment of fruit and vegetable waste from the Pernambuco Supply and Logistics Center (CEASA/PE) through the use of a biodigestion system in pilot scale. This system is equipped with a selection conveyor, a flute conveyor, a crusher mill, a mixing tank, two hydrolysis/acidification tanks and a methanization tank that can work in series or in parallel, a gas treatment system, a gasometer, a dryer, flaire and motor-generator group, in addition to gear pumps, piping, control panel, valves and instrumentation. As a way to subsidize the start-up and operation of this system, the following studies were carried out: (1) gravimetric composition of the residues in the four main fruit and vegetable reduction sheds of CEASA/PE (2) physical-chemical characterization of the five residues of greater than appearance observed during gravimetric compounding; (3) evaluation, through BMP tests, of the biogas generation potential of the five selected residues using anaerobic sludge and bovine rumen as inoculum; (4) evaluation of the kinetic parameters from the biogas production curves, fitting in the First Order, Modified Logistic, Modified Gompertz, Cone and Fitzhugh models; (5) evaluation of the operational stability of the biodigestion system with digestate recirculation. The initial results of the gravimetric composition showed a high percentage of pepper, tomato, orange, eggplant and leafy/vegetable residues. After the completion of the BMP assays, it was observed that, for all combinations of substrates and inoculum in BMP assays, the maximum rate of biogas generation occurred in the first 24 hours after incubation, following a tendency to stabilize and tending to 0 after the 35th day, this being the necessary duration for the complete degradation of organic substrates. In the field, the behavior of the biogas composition obtained in the system consumption 90% of CH4 throughout the study. It was thus possible to estimate that it would be possible to generate 1135.66 kWh of electricity during the period under study.

25
  • ARMANDO DIAS DUARTE
  • Proposal of a Metaheuristic Algorithm to the Pipe Line Routing

     

  • Líder : JOSE ALMIR CIRILO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • LEIDJANE MARIA MACIEL DE OLIVEIRA
  • JOSE ROBERTO GONCALVES DE AZEVEDO
  • GILSON LIMA DA SILVA
  • ABDELADHIM TAHIMI
  • FRANCISCO JÁCOME SARMENTO
  • Data: 14-ago-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • In regions where the water deficit is presented as a major challenge, the search for techniques that allow optimizing the water infrastructure is of great importance for managers. The present study aims to obtain the optimal layout of pipelines by adapting the A-Star (A*) algorithm, henceforth referred to as Modified A-Star for Pipeline Routing (MAPR), which operates in a specific search space, consisting of variables considered as most influential in the decision-making process of the ideal route, namely, the length of the pipeline and the power required for its operation. The algorithm calculates the route that minimizes the sum of annual costs associated with each of the considered variables. Real-world applications attest to the feasibility of applying the proposed method to present results of interest to pipeline system designers. For the validation of the algorithm, three systems were adopted, whose computational results indicate significant contributions to help in the search for optimal pipeline layouts.
26
  • VAGNER DE SOUZA FELIX
  • Hydrological Modeling of Future Scenarios of Climate Change and Land Use in the Pajeú and Capibaribe River Basin

  • Líder : ALFREDO RIBEIRO NETO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ARTUR PAIVA COUTINHO
  • JOEL SILVA DOS SANTOS
  • JOSE ROBERTO GONCALVES DE AZEVEDO
  • JOSICLEDA DOMICIANO GALVINCIO
  • RICHARDE MARQUES DA SILVA
  • Data: 18-ago-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • This research aimed to analyze the influence of future scenarios of climate and LULC (land use and land cover) in the watersheds of the Pajeú river and the Capibaribe river in relation to the flow regime and hydrological processes. For this purpose, the MGB-IPH hydrological model was used. The adopted future climate scenarios were the projections of the Eta/CPTEC regional climate model nested to global circulation models (scenario RCP 4.5). Future LULC scenarios were defined using the Land Change Modeler, based on the classifications of vegetation cover and land use developed by the Mapbiomas project. Thus, two LULC scenarios were developed for the Pajeú river basin, scenario 1 (transition from caatinga and pasture to agriculture) and scenario 2 (caatinga to pasture and agriculture). For the Capibaribe river basin, the future LULC scenarios were scenario 1 (transition from caatinga vegetation to pasture and agriculture) and scenario 2 (transition from caatinga and forest to agriculture). For both watersheds, the LULC map referring to the year 1985 was considered as a reference for comparing the results. The hydrological model was manually calibrated considering a single set of parameters for both watersheds, therefore, considering the HRU for the year 1985. The Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient ranged from 0.70 to 0.79 in the calibration and from 0.81 to 0.89 in the validation of the Pajeú river basin. In the model calibration of the Capibaribe river basin, the Nash-Sutcliffe ranged from 0.58 to 0.88 and the validation from 0.09 to 0.90. Then, the model was run for the period from 1961 to 1990 (baseline period) and for the period from 2041 to 2070 considering climatological data from future scenarios. The results showed that the parameterization of the model can influence the increase or reduction of the flow volumes and hydrological processes in relation to the LULC scenarios. There was a significant decrease in the peak flow (Q10) in the MGB-Eta-MIROC simulation for both basins. The MGB-Eta-BESM simulates a considerable increase in Q10 for both river basins, but with similar volumes. The MGB-Eta CanESM simulates a decrease in the peak flow for the two hydrographic basins, but with greater magnitude for Capibaribe. The MGB-Eta-HadGEM predicts an increase in Q10 and a significant decrease in Q90 for the Pajeú river and a decrease in Q10 and Q90 for the Capibaribe river. In relation to Q90, the MGB Eta-HadGEM simulated the highest flow volumes for the Pajeú. Finally, the magnitude of decrease or increase in flow projected by climate scenarios may be bigger or smaller depending on the associated LULC scenario.
27
  • DEVSON PAULO PALMA GOMES
  • Challenges and Opportunities of Using Different Inocula for the Biological Production of Caproic Acid
  • Líder : SAVIA GAVAZZA DOS SANTOS
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • FABRICIO MOTTERAN
  • BRUNA SOARES FERNANDES
  • NORMA CANDIDA DOS SANTOS AMORIM
  • RENATO CARRHA LEITAO
  • SHYRLANE TORRES SOARES VERAS
  • Data: 25-ago-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The carbon chain elongation process appears as an opportunity for the biological production of products with high added value, such as medium chain carboxylic acids (MCCAs). Among MCCAs, caproic acid has several applications in the market, such as antimicrobials (pharmaceutical industry), additives (animal feed), and chemical products (production of flavorings, biofuels, and bioplastics). The biological production of caproic acid, on larger scales (pilot and industrial), still presents different challenges, such as: the complex structure of microbiomes, the presence of competitive metabolic pathways, the toxicity of the undissociated acids, in addition to the viability of in-line extraction techniques. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the chain elongation process aiming at the production of caproic acid, through the use of different inoculums (ruminal fluid, anaerobic granular sludge, and cassava wastewater), separately or in the consortium, from two experiments with three batches (B-I, B-II, and B-III) each. For that purpose, reactors in different scales (0.610 L reactors – Article 1 and 7 L anaerobic reactor – Article 2) were employed, using acetic acid and ethanol as substrates. The highest concentrations of caproic acid in article 1 were accepted in B-III, according to the following inocula: 10.1 g.L-1 for anaerobic granular sludge, 9.6 g.L-1 for cassava wastewater and 9.1 g.L-1 for ruminal fluid. Microbial analyses revealed a greater dominance of the phylum Firmicutes and the genus Clostridium sensu stricto 12 in the reactors, thus justifying the high generation of caproic acid. In article 2, using an anaerobic reactor with 7 L and mixed inoculum (anaerobic granular sludge and cassava wastewater), the following maximum productions of caproic acid were achieved: 7.0 g.L-1 at the end of B-II and after its pH adjustment, 7.8 g.L-1. Microbial analyses indicated the dominance of MCCA producing microorganisms, such as Caproiciproducens, C. sensu stricto 12, Enterococcus, and Rummeliibacillus along the three batches. The two experiments carried out reached, from the cost benefit analysis, that it is necessary to replace chemical inhibitors (2-BES) and synthetic substrates due to their high costs, to guarantee the economic viability of the gain in the carbon chain.
28
  • RICARDO PEREIRA GUEDES
  • Flow Order Reduction Techniques in Transient Porous Medium applied in Aquifer

  • Líder : LEONARDO JOSE DO NASCIMENTO GUIMARAES
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • DEBORA CRISTINA ALMEIDA DE ASSIS
  • JOSE ANTONIO BARBOSA
  • LICIA MOUTA DA COSTA
  • PAULO MARCELO VIEIRA RIBEIRO
  • RAFAEL FERNANDES VIEIRA CORREIA SANTOS
  • Data: 28-ago-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Order reduction is increasingly being used in solving simulations in various areas of engineering and science. The complexity of mathematical models to portray the reality of the world is increasing, whether in engineering, medicine, climate forecasts, etc. Thus, requiring many more variables and complex algorithms. The solution found is to try to reduce the models as a strategy to make processing cheaper and consequently the computational cost, and still to achieve the accuracy of the modeled results. Modeling and simulation are precious tools in engineering, leading to understanding the functioning of many physical processes in the real world and consequently accurately predicting what may happen under adverse operating conditions. Proving that knowledge of larger domains is increasingly needed and order reduction becomes a critical factor, both for engineering and for science in the various areas. The numerical approximation techniques of the models involve many mathematical tools for the interpretation of the physical process, in addition to experience in numerical computation and software development, in addition to knowledge of the physical system being studied. Thus becoming the methodology of reduction of a very broad order and may even be multidisciplinary in some cases. With the great increase in the processing power of computers and the evolution of numerical algorithms in the solutions of linear systems, techniques such as the order reduction, are allowing to solve problems that a few decades ago it was not dreamed of solving. That is, the combined acceleration of processors and the algorithms of current computers are contributing to the solution of many systems today. This work will present two order reduction techniques, which are used for transient porous flow, comparing with conventional techniques to show the effectiveness of the order reduction method in the proposed physical system. In addition to the proposed techniques, studies of changes were incorporated to provide greater reductions in the systems that would guarantee the accuracy of the solution. The methods used were partitioning, using the Guyan static partitioning method, and the modal superposition method. Both methods had to be adapted to the proposed system, with mathematical developments to arrive at the algorithm. And the results obtained contribute to a better understanding of the process.

29
  • JONATHAS BARBOSA DE ARAÚJO FREITAS
  • Potential of Bank Filtration in Tropical Environments: Biogeochemical Analysis of Tropical Hyporheic Zone and Simulation of Algae Passage in Porous Media

  • Líder : JAIME JOAQUIM DA SILVA PEREIRA CABRAL
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ANDERSON LUIZ RIBEIRO DE PAIVA
  • ARTUR PAIVA COUTINHO
  • GUILLAUME FRANCIS BERTRAND
  • MAURICIO LUIZ SENS
  • ROBERTO LIMA BARCELLOS
  • Data: 29-ago-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Bank Filtration (BF) is an efficient and cost-effective technology for water treatment. During the BF process, there is interaction between a surface water source and its underlying aquifer. Therefore, understanding the processes occurring in the hyporheic zone is crucial for the application of this technology. Biogeochemical markers, such as environmental isotopes, elemental markers and hyporheic meiofauna are important for studying this zone, especially in tropical regions where little research has been conducted on this topic. Furthermore, a global challenge is the eutrophication of water sources, leading to algal blooms and impairing water treatment through conventional methods. In this context, this thesis analyzed the physicochemical and biological characteristics of the hyporheic zone in the Beberibe River (Northeast of Brazil) through sedimentological analysis (grain size and organic matter and calcium carbonate contents), isotopic markers (δ15N and δ13C), elemental markers (total organic carbon, total nitrogen, and C/N ratio), and biological marker (meiofauna). It also investigated the influence of different temperatures (10°C, 20°C, and 30°C) on algal retention through laboratory column tests with different flow rates. These experiments were conducted using laboratory-cultivated samples (Microcystis Aeruginosa) and enriched samples from the Elbe River (Germany). The results revealed that domestic wastewater discharge had the greatest impact on the characteristics of the hyporheic zone, including higher meiofauna abundance, fine sediments, organic matter and calcium carbonate. These factors contribute to the formation of a colmation layer that aids in the retention and biodegradation of pollutants. In the algal column tests, temperature and flow rate showed a significant impact on retention, with lower flow rates and temperatures between 20°C and 30°C favoring algal retention and biodegradation. In conclusion, it was found that the combination of eutrophication and tropical conditions creates favorable conditions for the formation of a colmation layer and the attenuation of pollutants during the BF process. These results are relevant for the application of BF in tropical regions, particularly in developing countries in Latin America, Africa and South Asia.

30
  • SHEILA AZEVEDO FREIRE
  • ACCESSIBILITY AND MOBILITY OF THE LOW-INCOME POPULATION: An Assessment of Equity Through the Lens of the Capabilities Approach
  • Líder : MARIA LEONOR ALVES MAIA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ILCE MARILIA DANTAS PINTO
  • ISABELLE YRUSKA DE LUCENA GOMES BRAGA
  • LEISE KELLI DE OLIVEIRA
  • LIGIA RABAY MANGUEIRA ARAÚJO
  • LÍLIAN DOS SANTOS FONTES PEREIRA BRACARENSE
  • Data: 30-ago-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • There is a consensus, both in transport planning practice and in the academic literature, that improving people’s access to important and daily destinations should be among the main objectives of equitable transport policies. These policies are even more relevant in contexts with large socioeconomic disparities. Although the influence of transport on this issue has been discussed in the literature, there is a wide field of research to be explored. This thesis tries to analyze to what extent the low level of mobility and accessibility facilitates or deprives the ability of people in poverty situation to access the city’s territories and its opportunities. To this end, Amartya Sen and Martha Nussbaun's Capabilities Approach theory was applied as a theoretical basis to assess what individuals can access (capabilities) versus their actual journeys (functionings). The ability to access opportunities and participate in worthwhile everyday activities is the focus of this study, in which capacity limitation may be associated with a risk of social exclusion related to transport. The hypothesis tested is that mobility and accessibility inequalities are related not only to income inequality issues but also to characteristics (individual and social), the availability of transport services, and the diversity of urban functions within the local space where this population lives and, in its surroundings, which in turn, impacts their capacity. To test the hypothesis, an empirical study was carried out in two low-income communities in the city of João Pessoa, Brazil. The proposed study has a quantitative and qualitative approach concerning the processing of information collected through household surveys with the population residing in the studied areas. For the quantitative analysis, econometric and spatial techniques were used. The results showed that there was significant variation in mobility resources among residents of the areas under study, producing differences both in mobility capacity and in the elements of mobility functioning, particularly about reach ranges, accessibility, and carrying out valuable everyday activities. It is expected that the results obtained provide subsidies for a more detailed approach to transport equity analysis, thus providing the development of public policies for accessibility and urban mobility integrated with other public policies.
31
  • JOSÉ ADSON ANDRADE DE CARVALHO FILHO
  • Physicochemical and Biological Characterization of the Hyporheic Zone and its Perspective in the Revitalization of Streets Urban 

  • Líder : JAIME JOAQUIM DA SILVA PEREIRA CABRAL
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ELIZABETH AMARAL PASTICH GONCALVES
  • GUILLAUME FRANCIS BERTRAND
  • LEIDJANE MARIA MACIEL DE OLIVEIRA
  • RICARDO DE ARAGAO
  • ROBERTO LIMA BARCELLOS
  • Data: 31-ago-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The concept of morphological change in watercourses brought with it impacts such as water pollution, erosion on the banks and silting of the bed, interruption of the connection between the river-aquifer and floods. The process of ecosystem degradation leads to numerous losses of organisms present in the environment. However, the resilience of some species is essential for the recovery of ecosystem balance. The revitalization of rivers is considered the main alternative for protecting water resources, as well as protecting the health of this environment. Among the environments that are fundamental for the revitalization of streams, there is the Hyporheic Zone (HZ). The HZ works as a flow regulator in the river-aquifer interaction, as a bioreactor where several biogeochemical processes occur, helping in the purification of water and is considered a rich environment that serves as a habitat for numerous organisms with important ecological functions that help in the attenuation of pollutants. Among the organisms that inhabit the HZ is the meiofauna. In this context, the present study aimed to carry out a study of the hyporheic zone of three urban streams in Recife; the stream Sítio dos Pintos, Cavouco and Parnamirim. Analyzing the water quality of the streams and carrying out the physical, chemical and biological characterization of the HZ, seeking attributes that may have an influence on the revitalization of the studied streams. The water quality analyzes showed the direct input of material of organic and fecal origin in the aquatic matrices, proving the high degree of degradation of the streams. The Framework Compliance Index (ICE) classified the waters of the three streams as poor and non-compliant with the resolution; the water quality index (IQA) classified it as bad and terrible; and the trophic state index (IET) classified all three streams as hypereutrophic. From the characterization of the HZ sediments, the most representative material was classified as sand, varying between coarse, medium and fine. The release of untreated wastewater into streams was an influential factor for the physical and chemical characteristics of the HZ, which presented fine sediments and high levels of organic matter. A total of 1201 meiofauna individuals were counted, distributed in five most representative taxa, nematoda (35%), rotifera (32%), annelida (21%), Acari (6%) and copepoda (5%). The PERMANOVA analysis indicated significant differences for the Period (p = 0.016), Area (p = 0.0007) and Stratum (p = 0.0001) factors. There was no significant relationship between the structure of the meiofauna community and the variables of the hyporheic environment, indicating that the main factors that determine the structure of the meiofauna were seasonality, a determining factor for the hydrodynamics of the streams and the oxygen limit that varies according to the stratum. Despite the environmental disturbances present in the streams, an abundance of hyporheic meiofauna individuals was found, showing the resilience of these organisms. The confirmation of ecological resilience provides a scientific basis for the development of stream revitalization strategies, as well as for guiding public policies aimed at improving the environmental quality of urban areas, taking HZ into account.
32
  • ANDRÉ LUIZ SANTOS PATRIOTA
  • Alkaline Equivalent Method as a Viable Strategy for Using Waste Glass as a Supplementary Cementitious Material

  • Líder : ARNALDO MANOEL PEREIRA CARNEIRO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ARNALDO MANOEL PEREIRA CARNEIRO
  • NATHALIA BEZERRA DE LIMA
  • JANAIDE CAVALCANTE ROCHA
  • MARYLINDA SANTOS DE FRANCA
  • WESLEI MONTEIRO AMBROS
  • ÂNGELO JUST DA COSTA E SILVA
  • Data: 01-sep-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Portland cement (PC) manufacturing is among the industrial activities that emit the most harmful gasses into the atmosphere. Its replacement by alternative supplementary cementitious materials (SCM) is a timely research issue to address climate change-related constraints. There is a consensus in the literature on the possibility of using soda lime glass powder (PV) as SCM. However, studies with this bias, whether unitary or binary additions, do not consider the harmful potential of excess alkalis present in PV. In addition, little consideration is given to grind operations and more detailed contributions on the influence of glass particle size. This study proposes a formulation method for unit and binary substitutions containing PV, active silica (AS), metakaolin (MC) that takes into account the maximum amount of alkali in the mixtures. In this context, the unitary and binary additions were analyzed in isolation and employed in the production of pastes that were characterized in anhydrous, fresh and hardened state. For this study, approximately 2 kg of PV in the ranges (45x75, 25x45, < 45 and < 25 μm) were prepared in a porcelain ball mill. With X-ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopy, the same hydration products found in the reference sample were observed in the pastes with unit and binary substitutions. The amount of portlandite was evaluated by thermogravimetric analysis. Portlandite consumption after 7 and 56 days was affected by both the particle size of PV and the nature of the substitution. Pastes produced with PV < 45 μm and < 25 μm the two finest PV particle sizes showed the same level of compressive strength as the reference pastes, and those with unit replacement (SA and MC). It was observed that the compressive strength depends simultaneously on the void ratio and portlandite consumption. Scanning electron microscopy in conjunction with energy dispersive spectroscopy was useful to show the effect of particle size on the pozzolanic reactivity of PV. It was possible to conclude that formulation of binary additions was a satisfactory method for dosages where alkali control is required. It was verified that small concentrations of PV were sufficient to contribute to the binary additions. This study provides new directions to boost the use of ultrafine waste glass as SCM.

33
  • IVANA GOMES MAIA
  • Evaluation of Asphalt Binders and Mixtures Prepared with Asphalt-Rubber Pellets
  • Líder : ROBERTO QUENTAL COUTINHO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ROBERTO QUENTAL COUTINHO
  • LENI MATHIAS FIGUEIREDO LEITE
  • MARCOS ANTÔNIO FRITZEN
  • ANTONIO CARLOS RODRIGUES GUIMARAES
  • KAMILLA VASCONCELOS SAVASINI
  • VERONICA TEIXEIRA FRANCO CASTELO BRANCO
  • Data: 06-sep-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Among materials used as asphalt binder modifiers, granulated rubber from scrap tires has shown good results in terms of improving resistance to permanent deformation, fatigue cracking and ageing. In addition, it contributes to the improper disposal of waste tires, making effective use of the rubber already used. There are two methods of incorporating crushed tire rubber into asphalt mixtures: dry process and wet process. In the dry way, the rubber grains are introduced into the plant as part of the aggregates. In the wet route, the rubber is previously added to the conventional asphalt binder. Rubber asphalt pellets, the name given to their commercialization in processed form as small pellets, are recent products in the paving market. This configuration facilitates the process of mixing the pellets with binder and mineral aggregates, making the purchase of rubber-asphalt faster, with low emission of pollutants. Therefore, it can be considered a sustainable technology, with the application of recycled rubber, and lower fuel consumption in transport and machining. The objective of this work was to evaluate the behavior of asphalt-rubber binders in the laboratory, using the criteria and tests required by the ASTM 8239/21 specification, in addition to fatigue resistance (LAS), storage stability and gas emission tests (polycyclic hydrocarbons aromatics - HPA). A comparison was made between the rheological properties of a sample of commercial asphalt-rubber AB-08 and the properties of two modifiers (PelletPAVE-Plus and PelletPAV) with CAP 50/70 in the proportions of 20% and 30%, in relation to mass. linker total. The results showed that the properties of binders with pellets are superior to those of CAP , but inferior to those of conventional rubber-asphalt AB-08. Additionally, the analysis of the binders and their fumes generated in the laboratory allowed us to conclude that the binders 50/70+30%PelletPav and 50/70+30% PelletPave-Plus had lower emission levels when compared to the commercial asphalt-rubber AB -08. The product was also tested by composing an asphalt mixture with a Gap-Graded type granulometric curve. In this way, Resilience Modulus (MR) and Tensile Strength (RT) were obtained, but it was not possible to obtain fatigue curves due to product (pellets) deficiency.
34
  • JEAN BAPTISTE JOSEPH
  • Acceleration Strategies for Coupled Three-Dimensional Hydromechanical Problems, Based on GPU and CPU Programming: Application to Reservoir Geomechanics
  • Líder : LEONARDO JOSE DO NASCIMENTO GUIMARAES
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • MICHAEL ANDRADE MAEDO
  • IGOR FERNANDES GOMES
  • LICIA MOUTA DA COSTA
  • MANOEL PORFIRIO CORDAO NETO
  • OSVALDO LUIS MANZOLI
  • Data: 25-sep-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Large-scale fluid flow in porous media demands intense computations and occurs in the most diverse applications, including groundwater flow and oil recovery. This article presents novel computational strategies applied to reservoir geomechanics. Advances are proposed for the efficient assembly of finite element matrices and the solution of linear systems using highly vectorized code in MATLAB. In the CPU version, element matrix assembly is performed using conventional vectorization procedures, based on two strategies: the explicit matrices, and the multidimensional products. Further assembly of the global sparse matrix is achieved using the native sparse function. For the GPU version, computation of the complete set of element matrices is performed with the same strategies as the CPU approach, using gpuArray structures and the native CUDA support provided by MATLAB Parallel Computing Toolbox. Solution of the resulting linear system in CPU and GPU versions is obtained with two strategies using a one-way approach: the native conjugate gradient solver (pcg), and the one provided by the Eigen library. A broad discussion is presented in a dedicated benchmark, where the different strategies using CPU and GPU are compared in processing time and memory requirements. These analyses present significant speedups over serial codes. Finally, recommendations are provided.
35
  • PABLO BORBA DE BARROS GÓES
  • Study of Cement Pastes Using Fines from Recycled Aggregates

  • Líder : ARNALDO MANOEL PEREIRA CARNEIRO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ARNALDO MANOEL PEREIRA CARNEIRO
  • EUDES DE ARIMATÉA ROCHA
  • KAROLINE ALVES DE MELO MORAES
  • MARCIO SANTOS BARATA
  • MARYLINDA SANTOS DE FRANCA
  • NATHALIA BEZERRA DE LIMA
  • Data: 29-sep-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The construction industry is one of the largest generators of solid waste in the country. One way to recycle this material is through the production of recycled aggregates. However, this process generates a significant amount of fine particles, and the utilization of these particles is the focus of this study. The physical, chemical, and microstructural characteristics of these materials were analyzed at various degrees of fineness, as well as their use as fines in pastes with different replacement percentages. The predominant chemical element is SiO2, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis indicates that the material is highly crystalline and devoid of amorphous halos. These particles possess irregular shapes and sharp edges that form cracks and notches resembling a V shape. The analyses of the fresh state of the pastes revealed that the partial substitution of cement with these fine particles influenced the cohesion of the mixtures. Mixtures with finer particles exhibited greater cohesion. Their hydration and setting time showed results similar to reference pastes containing only cement. In the hardened state, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses unveiled the presence of crystalline phases like alite, calcite, ettringite, portlandite, and quartz in the pastes. Thermogravimetry (TG) indicated a mass loss similar to that of cement. Compressive strength decreased with the substitution of these fine particles, while dynamic modulus of elasticity and porosity generally increased at substitution rates of 10%, possibly due to the microfiller effect. The pastes with RHP showed lower CO2 emissions than the reference paste. Based on the results, it can be concluded that a 10% substitution of cement with these fine particles may be a viable option, considering sustainability and strength.

36
  • CÂNDIDA NATHALY CORDEIRO SOUTO
  • Influence of Operating Conditions in Anaerobic Reactors with Attached Biomass to Obtain 1,3-Propanediol from Glycerol

  • Líder : MARIA DE LOURDES FLORENCIO DOS SANTOS
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • GIOVANA TOMMASO
  • JOSE LUIS SANZ MARTIN
  • JULIANA CALABRIA DE ARAÚJO
  • OSMAR LUIZ MOREIRA PEREIRA FONSECA DE MENEZES
  • RENATO CARRHA LEITAO
  • SAVIA GAVAZZA DOS SANTOS
  • Data: 06-oct-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • In this work, the fermentation of glycerol by a bacterial consortium attached to silicone supports was studied in upflow anaerobic reactors in two configurations: R_T (anaerobic filter) and R_S (plug flow), operated continuously at different conditions of pH, HRT, and glycerol loads (pure and crude). Optimal conditions were established to obtain 1,3-PDO as the main product. In the R_T reactor, in addition to 1,3-PDO (maximum 0.47 mol.mol-gly -1), ethanol was produced, especially at pH above 8 and glycerol load (gly-LR) lower than 10 g.L-1.d-1 (maximum 0.20 mol.mol-gly-1). 1,3-PDO and ethanol productions were related to the bacteria adapted to the variations of gly-LR and pH during the operational period. The biofilm attached to the silicone (inoculum) had low diversity, with Pseudomonas, Lactobacillus, and Raoultella dominance. After 1 year of glycerol feeding, Pseudomonas were replaced by anaerobic bacteria, including 1,3-PDO producing genera: Lacrimispora and Clostridium (40% of the sequences). In the R_S reactor, operated with a progressive increase of gly-LR, the highest yields (on average) of 1,3-PDO were 0.43 mol.mol-gly-1 and 0.62 mol.mol-gly-1 , achieved with gly-LR of 18 and 46 g.L-1.d-1, when fed with pure and crude glycerol, respectively. The maximum productivity of 1,3-PDO (14.7 g.L-1.d-1) was obtained with crude glycerol. The biofilm attached to the silicone (inoculum) had low diversity, with dominance of Lactobacillus (70.6%) and Klebsiella/Raoultella (23.3%). After 293 days of feeding with pure glycerol, the abundance of Klebsiella/Raoultella decreased in the attached biomass and the suspension (9.7% and 7.4%, respectively). In addition, the genus Clostridium and members of the Ruminococcaceae family were the majority. After crude glycerol feeding, Clostridium was partially replaced by Eubacterium in the suspension. It remained the majority in the attached biomass, indicating that the attached-to-silicone bacteria converted glycerol into 1,3-PDO. In both reactors, non-degrading glycerol genera have also emerged, such as: Actinomyces and Eubacterium (in R_T), Anaerobacter, and Acetomaculum (sedimented biomass in R_S). These bacteria survived at the expense of cellular decay material. The results were very promising for scale-up application, even with high loads of crude glycerol. In addition to the studies in continuous reactors, batch experiments were carried out, and the trends observed in the production of 1,3-PDO and ethanol as a by-product in continuous mode were confirmed.

37
  • MARCOS ADRIANO MARQUES PESSÔA SALES
  • Application of Aerobic Granular Sludge and Algal-Bacterial Consortium in Domestic Sewage Treatment: Formation, Nutrient Removal Mechanism and Oxygen Balance.
  • Líder : MARIA DE LOURDES FLORENCIO DOS SANTOS
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ANDRE BEZERRA DOS SANTOS
  • SAVIA GAVAZZA DOS SANTOS
  • SHYRLANE TORRES SOARES VERAS
  • SIMONE MACHADO SANTOS
  • TIAGO ROGERIO VITOR AKABOCI
  • Data: 16-nov-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) and microalgal-bacteria granular consortia (MBGC) are wastewater treatment technologies, based on self-aggregation, capable to treat organic matter and nutrients simultaneously in a single reactor. The granulation conditions, biomass composition and granular stability differ from one region to another due to differences found in the composition of sanitary sewage and climatic conditions. In the MBGC, symbiosis occurs, where bacteria produce CO2 assimilated by the algae, which makes O2 available to the bacteria. However, information about the effect of algae on granulation and granular stability is still limited, as well as microalgae-bacteria interactions in granular reactors. In this context, the present work studied: (I) the effect of different operational conditions on the development of AGS and MBGC, and the role of microalgae in the formation of MBGC; (II) nitrogen balance to differ the consumption of this nutrient by microalgae and bacteria; (III) oxygen balance in LGAB to evaluate the contribution of each microbial group in the O2 balance during effluent treatment. In the first study (I) different influent carbon/nitrogen ratios (C/N, 4/1 and 8/1), and feeding modes (40 min and 60 min non-aerated feeding) were applied in 4 reactors in sequential batches with 4-hour cycles. The LGA was formed 15 days before the LGAB. However, the consortium biomass generally showed better stability and diameter. Under C/N=4 ratio, LGA showed a higher abundance of microorganisms producing extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), such as Xanthomonadacea and Rhodocyclaceae. The formed biomasses were unable to completely remove the high concentration of NH4+-N (100mg/L). Under C/N=8, NH4+-N removals greater than 90% it was observed, and the 60 min non-aerated feed cycle resulted in higher total nitrogen removal. In the second study (II), it was observed that in systems with microalgal-bacterial consortium, microalgae perform greater nitrogen uptake (205 mg N-NH4+/d) compared to nitrifying bacteria (24.14 mgNH4+-N /d), being the main responsible for the removal of nitrogen in the consortium. In the third study (III), it was observed that the amount of O2 produced by microalgae (37 mgO2/gVSS/h) was higher than that required by bacteria (23.87 mgO2/gVSS/h), demonstrating that the system is sustainable if applied to effluents with a C/N ratio = 10/1, similar to sewage in a tropical climate region such as those found in Brazil.

38
  • JOSE FRANCISCO DE OLIVEIRA NETO
  • Recycling Potential of Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment in Brazil

  • Líder : MARIA DE LOURDES FLORENCIO DOS SANTOS
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • MARIA DO CARMO MARTINS SOBRAL
  • MAISA MENDONCA SILVA
  • VALDIR SCHALCH
  • MARCOS PAULO GOMES MOL
  • WERONICA MEIRA DE SOUZA
  • Data: 07-dic-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Waste of electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) includes everything from large and small household appliances, computer and information and telecommunication (IT) equipment to automatic distributors when they reach the end of their useful life. The management of WEEE is significantly more complex due to its unusual chemical composition and fast and increasing evolution and premature disposal. In the last few years, both developed and developing countries have been looking for solutions to deal with the problems caused by the growing flow of electronic waste (both in quantity and toxicity). In general, these solutions are based on reducing resource exploitation through the reuse, repair, or recycling of this waste. Given this, the circular economy emerges as a viable solution to mitigate the negative impacts caused by the growing production of WEEE, mainly due to the heterogeneous and complex composition of these wastes. Thus, it is necessary to enhance the current WEEE management system through the implementation of material circularity practices (such as minimization, product design planning, reuse, recycling). To establish legal and operational mechanisms and instruments that favor material circularity in the WEEE stream, it is crucial to present an overview of the generation and disposal profile of this solid waste stream. In this way, it is possible to estimate the potential for material recovery and the potential environmental, economic, and social benefits. However, for this to be possible, critical factors are needed that can lead to the success or failure of a system focused on extracting materials from WEEE. Among these factors, one can mention available technologies and appropriate infrastructure, specialized technical knowledge in recovery processes, the implementation of stricter laws, operational costs of the recovery system, and active consumer participation. Therefore, overcoming challenges related to WEEE requires a comprehensive approach involving the government, private sector, and civil society.
39
  • ANNA ELIS PAZ SOARES
  • The Potential for Wastewater Reuse and its Connection with Water Resources Management in Ipojuca Rivebasin - Pernambuco 

  • Líder : SUZANA MARIA GICO LIMA MONTENEGRO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • MARIA DO CARMO MARTINS SOBRAL
  • JOSE ALMIR CIRILO
  • ELIZABETH AMARAL PASTICH GONCALVES
  • ANA SILVIA PEREIRA SANTOS
  • YVONILDE DANTAS PINTO MEDEIROS
  • Data: 07-dic-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • In regions facing a water deficit, such as the Brazilian northeast, the reuse of effluents from domestic Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTP) presents itself as an alternative to alleviate pressures and reduce contamination of water sources. The practice is directly related to the 2030 Agenda for sustainable development, more specifically within Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 6 – drinking water and sanitation, being one of the tools for achieving the proposed goals. In this context, this thesis' main objective is to evaluate the potential for wastewater reuse from domestic sewage treatment from public sanitation systems as a strategy for improving water security in Pernambuco, through a case study of the Ipojuca river basin . The methodology adopted has a qualitative and quantitative approach, consisting of the evaluation of water resources management instruments being implemented in the basin; quantitative and qualitative analysis of the supply of reused water; characterization and mapping of demands (industry and irrigation), identification of opportunities and challenges to the practice of reuse in the basin. As a result, 12 WWTPs were identified in 10 municipalities with the potential to produce 76,188 m³/day of reused water. In terms of water quality, for the analyzed parameters, the stations demonstrated good performance, where the effluent could be used for restricted uses without the need for additional treatment. However, except in Ipojuca and Gravatá, the demands for irrigation and industry identified up to 20 km away from the WWTPs are lower than the effluent production. The low level of implementation of water management instruments such as system of classification and water charges is also highlighted, and it is recommended that a water permit be created for producers of reclaimed water in the basin. Finally, it is concluded that the Ipojuca river basin has a reuse potential to be explored as an alternative to improving water availability and reducing the release of effluents into the Ipojuca River. The results obtained through unprecedented analysis in the basin serve as a reference for those formulating and executing water resource management policies, as well as providing incentives for potential producers and consumers of reclaimed water.
40
  • ADJANE DAMASCENO DE OLIVEIRA
  • Refuse Derived Fuel - Feasibility And Potential

  • Líder : JOSE FERNANDO THOME JUCA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • MAURICIO ALVES DA MOTTA SOBRINHO
  • MARIA DE LOS ANGELES PEREZ FERNANDEZ
  • EDUARDO CÉSAR DE MIRANDA LOUREIRO
  • LISETE CELINA LANGE
  • RONALDO STEFANUTTI
  • Data: 14-dic-2023


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The energetic use of municipal solid waste (MSW) as a source of energy and heat is a reality in many countries. Discussions around the mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions and adherence to commitments towards fossil carbon neutrality highlight the need for alternative sources in the energy sector. On the other hand, in the solid waste sector there is the challenge of implementing and maintaining efficient management, reducing the amount sent for final disposal. This establishes a point of convergence between the two sectors in order to address issues of significant environmental, economic and social impact. Waste-to-energy technologies have been consolidating on the global scenario, but heterogeneity is one of the weak points. In this regard, it is necessary to obtain a material with more homogeneous characteristics and produced with quality control: refuse derived fuels (RDF). This research therefore analyzed the feasibility of producing and using RDF. To this end, legal and regulatory aspects and the national production and consumption scenario were assessed. The potential  for RDF production in the Metropolitan Region of Recife (RMR) was estimated based on scenarios derived from the targets set out in the National Solid Waste Plan (Planares) and the potential for use in cement plants, based on the targets set out in the Roadmap for the Cement Industry in Brazil. It is also important to know the characteristics of RDF produced in the country and, to this end, the physical, chemical and thermal characterization of RDF was carried out. In addition, the impacts of RDF production and use on achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) were assessed. With regard to legal and regulatory aspects, there is still a need for a more robust structure so that the stakeholders involved in the development of the sector can act with greater certainty. It was found that there is a cement industrial park in Brazil that demands the production of alternative fuels, and there are still other technologies capable of adapting to the use of this fuel. In terms of production, projections indicate that by 2040 there will be an average recovery of up to 45.1% of MSW in the form of RDF compared to the amount of MSW collected. In terms of using RDF to replace petroleum coke, it can be seen that there is economic and environmental viability due to the savings of US$ 98.6 million and 595,000 tons of CO2e emissions per year avoided by replacing 17% of the fossil fuel with RDF. In terms of characterization, the textile, paper/paperboard and plastic fractions represent the largest percentage of the composition of the 10 RDF samples analysed, with the first two fractions being the main components contributing to their biomass content, which varies from 39% to 57%. The moisture content varies between 18.5% and 36.2%, volatile material between 65.4% and 79.5% and ash between 14.5% and 29%. The elemental composition includes carbon (43.2% to 52.7%), oxygen (27.7 to 32.7%) and chlorine (0.2 to 0.8%). The lower calorific value ranges from 16.9 MJ.kg-1 to 22 MJ.kg-1 and mercury content ranges from 0.02 mg.kg-1 to 0.29 mg.kg-1. The metals with the highest percentages in the samples were Cr, Zi, Ni and Cu. Thermal analysis in oxidizing and inert atmospheres indicated 4 peaks of mass loss, with the process ending at 500oC and 700oC. It was found that the production and use of RDF correlates with SDGs 3, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13, 14 and 15. The results show that RDF is viable for production and has potential for use in Brazil.

2022
Disertaciones
1
  • EDUARDO LUIZ CHAVES DE MEDEIROS
  • Computational Modeling of The Sítio dos Pintos’ Stream in Recife/PE Including the Effects of Compensatory Techniques

  • Líder : JAIME JOAQUIM DA SILVA PEREIRA CABRAL
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • JAIME JOAQUIM DA SILVA PEREIRA CABRAL
  • JOSE ROBERTO GONCALVES DE AZEVEDO
  • ANDREZA TACYANA FELIX CARVALHO
  • Data: 28-ene-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Due to the high urbanization rate, flooding is a recurrent problem in Recife.Urban drainage is the management of rainwater, aiming to reduce the damage caused by flooding, making the urbanization process safer and more sustainable.The revitalization of streamlets contributes to the improvement of water quality and the rainwater drainage system, reducing impacts from extreme weather events. The present study has as general objective to carry out hydrological modeling in the macro-drainage of the Riacho Sítio dos Pintos and the Córrego da Fortuna, in order to evaluate alternatives to control the generated floods, and to propose measures for the revitalization of the water bodies mentioned.The HEC-HMS (Hydrologic Engineering Center - Hydrologic Modeling System) hydrological model was used, based on input data, such as an analytical study of rainfall in Recife and terrain data provided by PE3D (Pernambuco Tridimensional).The sub-basins were delimited using QGIS geoprocessing software and its tools, making it possible to build the hydraulic model of the basin.Alternatives were presented for the revitalization of the stretch of streams studied, with the dimensioning of detention reservoirs.The results showed a considerable reduction in the peak flow in all precipitation return times considered, in addition to not exceeding the maximum elevation in the dimensioned reservoirs.In the USF Sítio dos Pintos reservoir, there was a reduction of almost 70% in the peak flow, and in the USF Córrego da Fortuna reservoir, there was a reduction of more than 72% in the peak flow, showing the availability of implementing detention reservoirs in the Riacho Sítio dos Pintos.The revitalization projects are promising for the population's use of the reservoir construction areas.Both would bring great socioeconomic benefits to the Sítio dos Pintos neighborhood, providing recreational areas for the population and reducing the harm caused by the damage of recurrent flooding in the area.

2
  • RODRIGO SANTOS DE OLIVEIRA
  • Structural Reliability Analysis Using Selective Monte Carlo Method

  • Líder : RENATO DE SIQUEIRA MOTTA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ANDRÉ JACOMEL TORII
  • RAMIRO BRITO WILLMERSDORF
  • RENATO DE SIQUEIRA MOTTA
  • Data: 04-feb-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The Monte Carlo (MC) method has as main advantages its robustness and simplicity. In practical problems of structural reliability, however, the sample size can make the MC unfeasible due to the high computational cost for calculating the failure probability. Several methods based on MC were developed in order to reduce this problem, such as Importance Sampling (IS), Subset Simulation (SuS) and Separable Monte Carlo (SepMC). In this work, the selective Monte Carlo method (SMC) is proposed, aiming at problems whose fault function is locally monotonic in the region of interest, which happens in most structural engineering problems. The SMC reduces the number of failure function evaluations () of the MC by calculating only a part of the points, performing a search for the failed points in the failure direction of each variable. Two structural problems and 13 benchmark examples are analyzed, where the for a given Coefficient of Variation is counted and compared with the MC, IS, SuS and SepMC. Furthermore, a parametric study of the impact of the number of variables of the failure function in the proposed method is carried out. The results showed that the reduction in by SMC can reach more than 99.9% in relation to MC and was greater than that of SuS and SepMC for all problems, being also greater than that of IS for most problems. It is worth noting that when the failure function is monotonic, for the same sample, the SMC and the MC result in the same failure probability value.

3
  • ELISSANDRA CHEU PEREIRA DO NASCIMENTO
  • Recovery Of Bioproducts From Aerobic Granular Sludge And Algal-Bacterial Granular Consortium 


  • Líder : MARIO TAKAYUKI KATO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • BRUNA SCANDOLARA MAGNUS
  • FABRICIO MOTTERAN
  • LORENA BITTENCOURT GUIMARÃES THIBAU
  • OSMAR LUIZ MOREIRA PEREIRA FONSECA DE MENEZES
  • Data: 17-feb-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The management of surplus biological sludge produced in wastewater treatment plants can account for more than 50% of the operating costs of an ETE. In this context, the inadequate disposal of this residue in dumps and controlled sanitary landfills is considered an environmental problem that is harmful to the environment and public health. In this sense, should be prioritized the search for new technologies for the recovery of this residue. Considering this scenario, this research had four objectives aiming to deepen the knowledge regarding the valorization of sludge through aerobic granular sludge (LGA) and algal-bacterial sludge (LGAB) technology: (1) to analyze the formation of granules and photogranules aerobics; (2) quantify the recovery of biopolymers (ALE and PHB) in LGA and LGAB systems, as well as lipid production in LGAB; (3) to evaluate the operation mode in the recovery of ALE, PHB and Lipids in the reactors and (4) To characterize the microbiological community in the LGA. For this purpose,  four reactors were operated in successive batches at a laboratorial scale, two reactors with bacterial biomass (R1 and R2) and two bioreactors with microalgal-bacterial consortium (F1 and F2) with cycles of 4 hours, during 70 days. The reactors were subjected to two operational configurations of biomass mixing the following: air pulses (R1 and F1) and supernatant recirculation (R2 and F2). The reactors were fed with complex synthetic effluent (280.82 ± 53.56 mg/L of organic matter) at a temperature of 23.5 ± 1.1 °C). In this study, it was observed that the configuration of biomass mixing by air pulses favored the production and recovery of ALE for both bacterial biomass (704.9 ± 71.6 mg VSALE / g VSEPS) and algal-bacterial biomass (686, 3 ± 186.3 mg VSALE / g VSEPS). Based on the analysis, it was observed that the organisms of the genus Lactococcus, responsible for the production of EPS, dominated in the bacterial reactors, accounting for more than 40% of the microbial population. Regarding PHB recovery, it was observed that bacterial reactors produced about 2 (two) times more PHB compared with algal-bacterial biomass reactors (11.95± 2.2 mgPHB/gSST for R1 and 11.3± 0 .65 for R2). Finally, lipid production was achieved in F1 and F2, which reached about 18.5% and 27.0%, respectively. Based on the data, it was possible to verify the potential for recovery of biopolymers (ALE and PHB) in LGA and LGAB and for lipid production in LGAB. However, it is necessary to apply the process at pilot scale and/or on a real scale to evaluate its applicability and economic and operational feasibility for implementation in biorefineries.

4
  • HENRIQUE CÉSAR GUEDES CAMPOS
  • Influence of Different Mixing Modes on the Development of Granular Biomass and Algal-Bacterial Consortium in Sequential Batch Reactors Using Synthetic Sewage of Low Organic Load.

  • Líder : MARIA DE LOURDES FLORENCIO DOS SANTOS
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • BRUNA SCANDOLARA MAGNUS
  • FABRICIO MOTTERAN
  • JOSE ROBERTO SANTO DE CARVALHO
  • SHYRLANE TORRES SOARES VERAS
  • Data: 18-feb-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The aerobic granular sludge (AGS) system is a promising technology to carry out the treatment of domestic sewage, due to its ability to simultaneously remove organic matter and nutrients in reactors that do not require the use of support material. This feature, compared to activated sludge, is of great interest for the circular economy, given that its use becomes viable in compact ETE's and requires low operating costs. However, one of the main difficulties of AGS cultivation is stability for long periods of operation. For this, some studies have been developed to overcome this problem. Among them are the algae-bacteria consortium, where through the production of EPS, stimulated by the competition for substrate between bacteria and algae, and the development of filamentous microorganisms, they promote the union and increase the stability of the system. In addition, research indicates that the insertion of system management strategies, such as the inclusion of anaerobic phase, increases the stability of granular biomass and nutrient removal in the system. In the present study, the influence of two different mixing modes was evaluated aiming at the development of aerobic granules and photogranules in sequence batch reactors (SBR), using synthetic sewage of low organic load. Four SBR operated simultaneously, two of them with aerobic granular sludge (SBR1 and SBR2) and two with granular algal-bacterial consortium (AGS-AB, SBPR1 and SBPR2). The reactors were operated with 4h cycles and two different biomass and influent mixing strategies, in the anoxic phase during the first 60 min of the cycle were used: SBR1 and SBPR1 were operated with a mixing regime through pulses of air and; SBR2 and SBPR2 worked with influent recirculation to promote greater contact with the biomass. Despite having an irregular surface, granular aggregates were reported at 22 days of operation for SBR1 and SBR2, while for SBPR1 and SBPR2, 22 and 37 days were required, respectively, indicating that the mixing mode with air pulses developed more quickly granules and photogranules. However, from the observations made under the microscope, the reactors with recirculation proved to be more tolerant to the action of Aeolosoma hemprichi, keeping the biomass stable for longer in the system. The rapid formation of granules in the system may also be related to the presence of Lactococcus, which are bacteria related to the production of EPS. The average COD removal efficiencies were 84% for both SBR's and SBPR2, while SBPR1 showed 79% efficiency. Low phosphorus removal values were obtained, with averages lower than 30% for the four reactors. This result may be a consequence of the short period of aerobic granules and photogranules in the system, causing a disadvantage of phosphorus accumulating organisms (PAO) in the system. As these are slow-growing bacteria, the presence of PAO was only observed through molecular biology when the concentration of VSSLM was low and the system was already collapsing. With the emergence of granular aggregates, NTK removals reached values of 85%, 83%, 87% and 71% for SBR1, SBR2, SBPR1 and SBPR2, respectively. These values can be justified by the presence of bacteria of the Pseudomonas genus (RA: 4%), with the ability to perform denitrification. In terms of treatment efficiency, it had little influence on the mixing modes, with a significant difference being perceived in the initial development (pulses of air) and in the maintenance of the aggregates throughout the research (recirculation).

5
  • CLAUDIA RAFAELA SARAIVA DE MELO SIMOES NASCIMENTO
  • Model for Project Prioritization in Federal Public Institutions Associated with BIM Implementation: an Application in the Federal University of Pernambuco

  • Líder : RACHEL PEREZ PALHA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • RACHEL PEREZ PALHA
  • ANISIO BRASILEIRO DE FREITAS DOURADO
  • ADIEL TEIXEIRA DE ALMEIDA FILHO
  • Data: 18-feb-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Staff and budget resources available for the development of new projects are usually limited in organizations, which requires complex decision-making on the selection of which should or should not be developed. In public institutions, the most common is the choice of projects measured from financial or quantitative terms. However, there are qualitative criteria that are important and are not considered in the decision process, such as the impact of the service on users' lives, user, and property security risks, etc. Within this context of public institutions, there is the Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), where there is a need to create a prioritization process for the selection of construction and remodeling projects to be developed by the team of the Directorate of Plans and Projects (DPP), given that demand from the academic community is high and staff and budget resources are sometimes limited. This work proposed a hybrid model using the Multiple Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) method, TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution), associated with Integer Linear Programming (ILP) with the objective of selecting projects for a portfolio that consider not only the existing restrictions, but also quantitative and qualitative criteria that impact UFPE. In addition, the use of Building Information Modeling (BIM) and its implementation were studied in order to understand how its application can contribute to decision-making and project development. The proposed method is easy to apply and to be understood by decision makers, and results in the choice of a portfolio that represents well the interests of the organization. In addition to allowing auditing of the choices made throughout the process. The selection of the portfolio admits that only projects that meet the restrictions are chosen, which prevents projects that do not fit into the UFPE Master Plan or that are competing for the same location from being developed. Which is of great benefit to the project team, as it will have its time optimized, working with projects that will be executed. With the study on the use of BIM in the design stage, it was understood that it improves communication and team productivity and allows for various simulations, such as energy, layout, etc. With this, it can be inferred that the use of BIM in the portfolio selection process allows a better allocation of the available budget, making it possible to build more using the optimized resources. The study presented can be used not only in the context of Federal Institutes of Higher Education (IFES), but also in any type of organization that proposes to make project portfolio selection using criteria that go beyond quantitative measures.

6
  • FELIPE FILGUEIRAS DE ALMEIDA
  • Anaerobic Bioremediation of Mangrove Sediment Contaminated by Phenanthrene


  • Líder : SAVIA GAVAZZA DOS SANTOS
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • SAVIA GAVAZZA DOS SANTOS
  • FABRICIO MOTTERAN
  • GIOVANA TOMMASO
  • Data: 21-feb-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Sensitive biomes, such as coastal ecosystems, have become increasingly susceptible to the environmental impacts caused by oil logistics and storage, which, while more efficient today, still cause spills. Thus, bioremediation techniques draw attention for their low impact on the environment. Among petroleum-derived compounds, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (HPAs) are known for their potential impact and persistence in the environment. Therefore, HPAs bioremediation is a technique capable of reducing these pollutants in the environment. However, there is a lack of understanding about conditions of the microbial growth process, leading to a less efficient choice of bioremediation methods.Sediment from the Massangana river mangrove, in Suape, Pernambuco, was used to assemble anaerobic biological reactors artificially contaminated with 100mg of Phenanthrene per kilogram of sediment. The analyzes were carried out from sacrifice reactors, monitoring the consumption of the compound of interest through high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). This study suggests that the anaerobic degradation of sediments contaminated by Phenanthrene (and potentially other PAHs), allowed a decrease in concentration by more than 35% in 80 days of the experiment. The first order kinetic model was the one that best represented the degradation of Phenanthrene, being the best condition with a petrochemical inoculum, with a kinetic constant (k2) of 0.0078 d-1Several microbial genera related to the degradation of PAHs were found in the samples of inoculum, bioaugmentation reactors and natural attenuation reactors. The presence of the genera Thiobacilus, Clostridium and Desulfotomaculum stands out. Simpson, Shannon, Chao-1 and equitability indexes were evaluated in order to assess the consistency and relevance of the results of molecular biology analyses. The presence of these genera suggests the occurrence of phenanthrene degradation through the methanogenic route, which is little discussed in the literature. Thus, the bioremediation of sediments contaminated by phenanthrene and potentially by other PAHs is a promising strategy that should be studied in order to minimize impacts on the remediation of areas affected by environmental accidents.

7
  • WILSON RAMOS ARAGÃO JÚNIOR
  • Analysis of the behavior of embankment slopes stabilized with retaining structure in cable- stayed beams and deep sub-horizontal drainage – Pernambuco, Brazil

  • Líder : ROBERTO QUENTAL COUTINHO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • MAURICIO EHRLICH
  • RICARDO NASCIMENTO FLORES SEVERO
  • ROBERTO QUENTAL COUTINHO
  • Data: 21-feb-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The general objective of this paper was to study the behavior of an embankment slope stabilization with a retaining structure in cable-stayed beams and deep sub-horizontal drainage. The slopes were built with sedimentary soils from the Barreiras formation with a maximum height of 27.50 m and an inclination of 1V:1.5H, located in the Metropolitan Region of Recife, Pernambuco-Brazil. The geotechnical properties of the embankment materials were determined from extensive field and laboratory investigations. The stability analysis of the embankment with the parameters obtained from the experimental campaign showed a Safety Factor close to 1. Besides, the instrumentation of the Embankments, using inclinometers, pointed to a constant movement over time. Therefore, the need for structural stabilization of the Embankments was verified. The solution adopted was through a retaining structure in cable-stayed beams and deep sub-horizontal drains. The number of rows of tie rods per slope varied between two and four, with a horizontal spacing of 2.40 m between tie rods and executed with an inclination of 45o tothe face of the slope. The load of the tie was transmitted to the massif through reinforced concrete beams (1.70 x 0.40 x 14.40 m). The sub-horizontal drainage (DHP) was excepted in two lines with a horizontal spacing of 4.80 meters and an inclination of 5o or 3o. In total, 451 tie rods were executed. It is noteworthy that during the building, modifications were made to the project, with some lines of tie rods being removed and a sheet pile solution being carried out in the stretch of one of the embankments. The monitoring program implemented during the execution of the building had instruments for monitoring the vertical displacements on the surface (27 superficial landmarks), horizontal displacements in depth (15 inclinometers), water level of the massif (6 water level meters), pore pressure at the installed point (5 piezometers) and load on the tie rods (7 load cells). In general, it was found that, after the implementation of the containment structure, there was a tendency to stabilize the movement, noted by the reduction in the speed of displacements.

8
  • BRUNO DIEGO DE MORAIS
  • Shallow Landslide Susceptibility Analysis Using a Mathematical Model in a Drainage Basin in Barreiras Formation

  • Líder : ROBERTO QUENTAL COUTINHO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • RICARDO NASCIMENTO FLORES SEVERO
  • ROBERTO QUENTAL COUTINHO
  • RODOLFO MOREDA MENDES
  • Data: 22-feb-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The Recife Metropolitan Region (RMR) is well known due to the occurrence of mass movements during the rainy months and presents a vast history of landslides with fatal, non-fatal victims and destruction of properties over the years. The study area is a drainage basin (with 6.16 km2) that includes areas of the cities of Recife-PE and Jaboatão dos Guararapes-PE. Given the vulnerability of this location, this thesis purpose is to develop shallow landslide susceptibility maps in the study area using a mathematical model, TRIGRS; analyze the performance of this model applying the LR CLASS methodology and perform the unsaturated stability analysis of a hillslope in the study area using theLimit Equilibrium Method,through the integration between SEEP/W and SLOPE/W. The susceptibility was divided into two scenarios. Scenario A, considering the constant geotechnical parameters for the entire area, and Scenario B, considering the spatialized geotechnical parameters. For each scenario, were performed analyses considering saturated (Type 1) and unsaturated (Type 2) infiltration. The unsaturated stability analysis was performed considering rainfall infiltration (Hypothesis 1) and rainfall infiltration more wastewater disposal infiltration (Hypothesis 2), for different initial suctions. The validation of the susceptibility analysis, of Scenario A, did not show significant differences between the Type 1 and 2 analyses. The validation of the susceptibility analysis, of Scenario B, showed that the Type 2 analyzes were, in general, more accurate. The results of the unsaturated stability analysis showed that they were able to predict the failure that occurred in the field, but there were no significant differences between the results of Hypotheses 1 and 2, indicating the little influence of wastewater disposal infiltration in the calculation of the Safety Factor.

9
  • CARLLA RAFAELLA BARROS DE ANDRADE
  • Shallow Landslide Susceptibility Analysis Using a Mathematical Model in Drainage Microbasin in Barreiras Formation Located in the North Zone of Recife-PE

  • Líder : ROBERTO QUENTAL COUTINHO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ROBERTO QUENTAL COUTINHO
  • RICARDO NASCIMENTO FLORES SEVERO
  • RODOLFO MOREDA MENDES
  • Data: 23-feb-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The North Zone of Recife is well known due to the frequent occurrence of mass movements in rainy months, with a vast history of landslides with fatal and non-fatal victims and destruction of properties over the years. The study areas are two watersheds (with 0.6 and 0.17 km2) located in the North Zone of the city of Recife-PE. Given the vulnerability of this location, the purpose of this dissertationis to characterize the soils of the study area; to prepare a map with the records of landslides that occurred, based on data from the Civil Defense of the city of Recife to develop maps of susceptibility to shallow landslides in the study area, considering from a mathematical model, TRIGRS and to analyze the performance of this model through the LR CLASS methodology. The susceptibility analyzes were divided into two scenarios. SAT Scenario, considering saturated seepage, and NSAT Scenario, considering unsaturated seepage. For each scenario, the maximum soil depth (Zmax) was changed to calculate the pore pressure and the Safety Factor, considering soil depths of 1, 2, and 3m. The results of laboratory and field tests reveal that there is parity of these with the data from other research, a fact that can make the numerical modeling adequate for the prediction of the occurrence of landslides. The validation of the SAT Scenario susceptibility analyzes did not show significant differences between the NSAT Scenario analyses. The validation of the NSAT Scenario susceptibility analyses for Zmax 2 and 3 meters was, in general, more accurate.

10
  • JOELITHON DE LIMA COSTA
  • Evaluation of Linear Alkylbenzene Sulphonate (LAS) Removal in a Real Scale UASB Reactor and Study of the Influence of Different Electron Acceptors

  • Líder : MARIO TAKAYUKI KATO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • FABRICIO MOTTERAN
  • SAVIA GAVAZZA DOS SANTOS
  • SHYRLANE TORRES SOARES VERAS
  • Data: 23-feb-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Linear alkylbenzene sulphonate (LAS) is an anionic surfactant applied in several cleansing and personal care products. Despite its biodegradability, its excess in water resources has resulted in environmental problems. Thus, the present work was divided into two studies aiming to evaluate the anaerobic biodegradation of this compound. The first study aimed to evaluate the removal of LAS in a domestic wastewater treatment plant (WWTP Mangueira). In which two climatic periods (rainy and drought) were evaluated. In each period, samples were collected daily from four points: the influent to the UASB reactor (P1), effluent from cell 2 of the UASB (P2), final effluent from the UASB (P3) and effluent from the polishing pond (P4). The characterization of the sewage for organic matter classified it as diluted sewage with concentrations of 208 and 123 mg/L of organic matter for the rainy and dry seasons, respectively. In the UASB reactor, negative LAS removal efficiency was observed with an average of -30%. While in the polishing pond, a removal efficiency close to 90% was observed in both periods. It was concluded that the rain events influenced the sewage dilution, due to the infiltration of rainwater in the sanitary sewage systems. The increase in surfactant concentration after UASB was attributed to the desorption of LAS adsorbed to the biomass. The second study aimed to evaluate the influence of nitrate, sulfate and iron as electron acceptors in the anaerobic degradation of LAS. For this, 500 mL reactors were inoculated with biomass, nutrients, LAS (20 mg/L) and one of the electron acceptors. The influence of the addition of ethanol as a co-substrate was also analyzed. The influence of nitrate, sulfate and iron was evaluated without and with the addition of ethanol. At the end of the experiment, all treatments showed LAS degradation efficiencies greater than 65%. The treatments without ethanol presented the best results for the degradation of the LAS, being the treatment with iron, with efficiency of 94%, the highest of the experiment. The evaluation of microbial diversity showed that the genera that stood out were Clostridium, in addition to Azospira, Bacillus and Alkaliphilus. From the results, it was concluded that the iron treatment showed the best LAS removal efficiency due to its dual functionality as an electron acceptor and an essential component of cellular enzymes. The evaluation of microbial diversity indicated several genera potentially involved in the degradation of LAS because they presented high values of relative abundance.

11
  • ANA KARINE SANTOS DANTAS
  • Geological-Geotechnical Characterization and Analysis of Pile Settlement Estimation in an Unsaturated Soil

  • Líder : ROBERTO QUENTAL COUTINHO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • BERNADETE RAGONI DANZIGER
  • ROBERTO QUENTAL COUTINHO
  • WILSON CARTAXO SOARES
  • Data: 23-feb-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • João Pessoa, in the last decades, has experienced a significant process of verticalization. Vigorous buildings create the urban landscape of the city, requiring knowledge of the ground where their foundations will be laid, as well as the behavior of the foundation system (structural element and soil). In the design of pile foundations, safety is defined emphasizing only the ultimate bearing capacity, and the behavior of the structures is evidenced by settlements and deformations. In the study area of the present work, a multifamily residential building will be implanted, with excavated piles as the foundation. This work aims to characterize the soil and evaluate the settlement estimation of one of these piles, analyzed in isolation, using established calculation methods. The research program and geological-geotechnical characterization presented here aims to contribute to the knowledge of the city's subsoil, which is located on the Barreiras Formation, as well as providing parameters for the estimation of settlement. The investigation campaign covers percussion soundings and the collection of deformed and undisturbed samples for laboratory tests, which were carried out at the Soil Laboratory of the Federal University of Pernambuco. The physical characterization consisted of granulometric analysis, consistency limits, and real grain density. In addition, double edometric tests, direct shear tests in natural and flooded conditions, and triaxial CID tests were performed. The characteristic curve was also obtained using the filter paper technique (Whatman No. 42 paper), adjusted by Van Genuchten, with quantification of the matric suction in the drying and wetting paths. In this way, it was possible to evaluate the influence of suction variation on soil parameters, especially on Young's modulus. To understand the behavior of an isolated pile, in terms of the settlement, the methods of Aoki (1979, 1984), Poulos and Davis (1980), and Randolph & Wroth (1978) were used to estimate the settlement suffered by an isolated pile. of the excavated type. The results were compared with values obtained experimentally through static load test (SCP) since one of the best ways to know the behavior of the pile-soil system is through Static load test (SCP). 3 PCEs were carried out in piles of the work, whose settlements presented were less than 10% of the pile diameter, which made it impossible to extrapolate the curve to obtain the breaking load. Through the PCE retroanalysis, Young's modulus of the soil used in the settlement estimation was determined. Regarding the geotechnical characterization, the differences in strength and deformability promoted by saturation were observed in this study when comparing the tests under natural and flooded conditions. The tested soil revealed an intermediate behavior between sand and clay, for which the Randolph-Worth method was most proximate to the settlement valuesmeasured in the load test. From the analyzes carried out, it was also possible to observe that the soil deformation parameters represented the point of greatest uncertainty and influence on the variation of the estimation results.

12
  • FLÁVIO LEÔNCIO GUEDES
  • Life Cycle and Gaseous Emissions Analysis in the Production and Use of the MSW Derived Fuel from the City of Paulista-PE - Brazil


  • Líder : JOSE FERNANDO THOME JUCA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • JOSE FERNANDO THOME JUCA
  • MARIA DE LOS ANGELES PEREZ FERNANDEZ
  • SERGIO PERES RAMOS DA SILVA
  • Data: 23-feb-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • With the increase in urbanization, the protection of the environment against human impacts caused by the increase in waste generation has become a challenge for all Brazilian municipalities. This fact has been debated by the Civil Engineering Sector, through multidisciplinary knowledge. This research aims to establish a recommendation for the energy use of solid urban waste, through the analysis of energy potential, and the emission of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere during the production of Refused Derived Waste. The data captured were related to the Waste generated in the Municipality of Paulista, in Pernambuco, and valued for the production of Fuel in the Waste Treatment Center, in the Municipality of Igarassu, in Pernambuco and sold to feed furnaces in the cement industries. The results show that the energetic use of Waste as Fuel is in evidence, being the object of research study due to the possibility of discoveries that contribute to the application of the technology. And that the production process stands out for having the greatest positive impacts in the category related to climate change due to avoided rates in fossil fuel replacement and the reduction in oil exploration for the manufacture of plastic resins and fibers of the main components. The analytical comparison of Fuel from Waste with Petroleum Coke, the most used Fossil Fuel in the cement industry, carried out by the internationally standardized method of Life Cycle Assessment showed a reduction of 1,781.46 tCO2-eq.year-1. The results found in the application of the multi-criteria method to evaluate the treatment technologies determined to be consistent and can be used for municipalities in aiding decision-making an order of importance for the economic aspect in first place with 55.6%, followed by the environmental with 20.0%, the technician with 19.5% and finally the social criterion 4.8%. The energy potential, according to the technical, socio-environmental and benefit characteristics, proved to be viable in all benefits.

13
  • JOCIMAR COUTINHO RODRIGUES JÚNIOR
  • Sanitary-Environmental Conditions in Urban Hillsides Areas in the Northern Zone of Recife: Application of the Environmental Health Index Using Multivariate Statistics and Geospatialization


  • Líder : ANDERSON LUIZ RIBEIRO DE PAIVA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ANDERSON LUIZ RIBEIRO DE PAIVA
  • LEIDJANE MARIA MACIEL DE OLIVEIRA
  • ROBERTO QUENTAL COUTINHO
  • VICTOR HUGO RABELO COELHO
  • Data: 24-feb-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The urban development of vulnerable areas in Brazilian municipalities has caused significant environmental impacts, leading to several problems related to health issues. In this sense, the growth of neighborhoods in the north zone of Recife is no exception to this rule, as there has been a large population increase without an adequate sanitation service, resulting in relevant damage to environmental resources and public health. The issues involving environmental sanitation services are relevant to analyze the environmental and sanitary quality of a given locality. Thus, environmental health and its indicators serve as tools, which must be considered in evaluations about the coverage, degree and implications of sanitation services, with the aim of promoting social and environmental welfare for a locality. In view of this, the present work aims to apply an Environmental Salubrity Index (ISA) in the neighborhoods of the urban hillsides areas in the northern zone of Recife. In the study, 20 neighborhoods in the region were selected and information was gathered from several databases and field researches. Indicators on the components of sanitary sewage, water supply, solid waste, urban drainage, urban infrastructure, public health and socioeconomic aspects were used to compose the ISA estimate. Moreover, a cluster analysis was performed, based on the Ward or Minimum Variance method, from the results of the indicators, so that it is possible to analyze their behavior and obtain groups of neighborhoods that have values of variables involved more similar to each other, as well as a geospatialized evaluation of indicators. In view of the results obtained, it was possible to indicate the main deficits in sanitary sewage, water supply and other components, as well as the neighborhoods that are in a more vulnerable situation. Thus, for the neighborhoods under study, ISA values were obtained, which indicate an average salubrity, in addition to clusters that indicate a union between certain neighborhoods for the indicators in question. Therefore, these results can be used in urban and sanitary planning of the places under study, under the purpose of adequacy of sanitation services.

14
  • RENATA FREIRE GÓES AZEVEDO
  • Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Daily Life of Mototaxi Drivers: A Study in Arapiraca-AL, Brazil

  • Líder : MARIA LEONOR ALVES MAIA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • MARIA LEONOR ALVES MAIA
  • LEISE KELLI DE OLIVEIRA
  • JESSICA HELENA DE LIMA
  • Data: 24-feb-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The moto-taxi is the passenger transportation service by motorcycle that has gained space in the transportation sector, especially in developing countries in Latin America, Asia, and Africa. In Brazil, the service is regulated nationwide by Law 12009/2009 and is present in 46% of municipalities, mainly in small towns. At the end of 2019, the world has been facing the COVID-19 pandemic that has caused economic and social changes and affected the movement of goods and people. This dissertation focuses on the moto-taxi service and aims to analyze the impacts caused by the COVID-19 pandemic on the provision of moto-taxi service, considering its influence on the transportation system in those localities where it assumes the role of the main public transport or feeder. The municipality of Arapiraca - Alagoas, Brazil, was selected for the empirical research. Structured questionnaires were applied with moto-taxi drivers registered in the municipality. From the descriptive analysis it was concluded that the greatest impact of COVID-19 on the moto-taxi service falls on the number of passengers affecting, as a consequence, the moto-taxi driver's monthly income. However, it was observed that the activity remained exclusive for most professionals, thus showing the need for moto-taxi drivers to adapt to the new reality and adopt safety measures to attract new users.

15
  • RIADNY PATRÍCIA DE SOUZA FERREIRA
  • Effect of Cracks on Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Fandfill Cover Layers

  • Líder : JOSE FERNANDO THOME JUCA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • FERNANDO ANTONIO MEDEIROS MARINHO
  • LEONARDO JOSE DO NASCIMENTO GUIMARAES
  • RÉGIA LÚCIA LOPES
  • Data: 24-feb-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The emission of greenhouse gases, according to Abrelpe (2020), continues to be the agenda of international meetings and, in this sense, the Brazilian waste sector emits around 96 million tons of CO 2 eq annually. In a sanitary landfill, the packaging of the residue and the performance of the covering layer are essential to guarantee safety and mitigation of environmental impacts. The choice of clayey soils causes, in the long term, due to the cycles of wetting and drying, cracks in the layer. Due to cracking, the emission of greenhouse gases (GHG) and the infiltrationof liquids can be increased,increasing the volume of leachate produced by the landfilled waste. Thus, work was carried out to understand and quantify, through numerical analysis, the effect of cracks on greenhouse gas emissions in sanitary landfill cover layers. A numerical study of the percolation of gases in the covering layer was then carried out under three conditions: no crack, crack up to half of the layer and crack up to the end of the layer. For this, the SEEP/W program was used to simulate the flows, in transient, ascending and descending regimes, respectively, of gas and precipitation. The assessment included the quantification of gases emitted during one year by means of the proposed flow of methane. There was a progressive geometric increase of 103 between greenhouse gas emissions with increasing crack depth for the proposed conditions. In addition, the superiority of cracked soil permeability in decreasing the weighted soil permeability was proved.

16
  • TIAGO MANOEL DA SILVA AGRA
  • Evaluation of the Pozolanicity of the Ash of the Sludge from the Water Treatment Plant (WTP)

  • Líder : ANTONIO ACACIO DE MELO NETO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ANTONIO ACACIO DE MELO NETO
  • ROMILDE ALMEIDA DE OLIVEIRA
  • ROMILDO MORANT DE HOLANDA
  • Data: 25-feb-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The cement industry is one of the biggest CO2 generators in the world. With global warming, solutions to replace Portland cement clinker have been studied. One of them is the use of sludge ash from water treatment plants (WTP) as a supplementary cementitious material. This work aims to analyze the pozzolanic properties of calcined WTP sludge and make it viable as a pozzolan for cementitious products. After collection, the sludge was placed for drying in the open air, and then dried in an oven. In addition to dry sludge (LETA), calcined sludge was used at temperatures of 600°C (CLETA600), 700°C (CLETA700) and 800°C (CLETA800). After calcination, milling for one hour was conducted for homogenization and particle sizereduction. The characterization of the sludge was performed using particle size analyzer,Blaine fineness, Le Chatelier flask density, X-ray diffraction, and thermogravimetric tests. Itwas observed that the sum of the oxides Al2O3+SiO2+Fe2O3 above 75% and the high content of kaolinite in the dry sludge were indicative that the sludge could present pozzolanic activity after processing. The standardized tests to quantify pozzolanicity were performedthrough compressive strength in mortars following the Brazilian standards NBR 5751 and NBR 5752. These tests showed that all samples could be characterized as pozzolan. In addition to  these tests on hydrated lime pastes, calcium hydroxide consumption was analyzed using X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetry and infrared spectroscopy. The results showed that the sample CLETA600, which showed the lowest pozzolanic activity in the compressive strength tests, was the one that presented the highest consumption of calcium hydroxide, unlike the compressive strength tests. These results with pastes also corroborated the data obtained in the electrical conductivity test. Finally, it was concluded that the WTP sludge ash can be considered a safe pozzolan to be applied in cementitious products, however, only a case-by- case study with the association of standardized and non-standardized techniques is possible to fully understand the analyzed material.

17
  • JOÃO EMANUELL ARAÚJO MARCIANO
  • Concrete Proportioning with Construction Waste - Application of Optimized Grading Curves

  • Líder : ARNALDO MANOEL PEREIRA CARNEIRO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ARNALDO MANOEL PEREIRA CARNEIRO
  • MARCIO SANTOS BARATA
  • KAROLINE ALVES DE MELO MORAES
  • Data: 28-feb-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The generation of construction waste has emerged in recent decades due to the accelerated development of infrastructure. The concrete industry consumes a large amount of natural resources, and some of the current challenges for concrete technology consists in minimizing environmental impacts, decreasing energy consumption, and reducing CO2 emissions associated with its production. The use of recycled aggregates represents a viable solution for the development of sustainable concrete, more economical, and of reduced environmental impacts, since it preserves natural resources, reduces energy production and reduces the amount of waste deposited in landfills. The choice of materials needs to be carefully considered. It is important that the physical characteristics are not too variable, especially with regard to granulometry. Thus, by means of a pilot study, the granulometric distribution curve optimized from the Furnas model was selected, to be used in the dosage of concrete with mixed recycled aggregate, obtaining concrete with compressive strength classes ranging from 20 to 50 MPa. The materials used in the pilot study were cement CP II F-40, caxitú sand, stone powder and crushed granitic rocks 9.5 mm and 19 mm. In the second stage, the same aggregates used in the pilot study were employed, except for the stone powder. In substitution of the fine and coarse fractions, recycled coarse aggregate and recycled fine aggregate, both of mixed nature, were used. The concretes were dosed in 1:3, 1:5 and 1:6 mixes, following the principle of concrete mix design of the IPT/EPUSP method. The results were submitted to the Shapiro-Wilk normality and Levene homogeneity tests. Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric test and Dunn post-test were applied for data that did not follow normality, and ANOVA test and Tukey post-test for those that followed normality and homogeneity at 5% probability level for rejection of the null hypothesis. The dispersion of the compressive strength values in the compositions allowed considering that the variance between treatments is not statistically equal, revealing the usefulness of the approach in problems associated with the use of recycled aggregates, in order to favor their use in real structures with strength prediction.

18
  • SERGIO ROBERTO LEAL DE SOUZA JÚNIOR
  • Ridesourcing and Public Transport of University Students of Recife before and after the Covid-19 Pandemic.

  • Líder : MAURICIO OLIVEIRA DE ANDRADE
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ENILSON MEDEIROS DOS SANTOS
  • VIVIANE ADRIANO FALCAO
  • FRANCISCO GILDEMIR FERREIRA DA SILVA
  • Data: 25-mar-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • This dissertation analyzes the influence of ridesourcing services in reducing passenger demand in Brazilian public transportation systems. This reduction brings challenges to system managers and has been occurring for several years, a period in which new transportation alternatives have emerged, such as transportation by apps. The international literature indicates that the relationship between public transport and transportation by apps is complex and depends on the local reality, and maybe a competitive or complementary relationship. This dissertation assumes that ridesourcing services have captured a portion of the demand for public transport without disregarding possible complementary relations. Moreover, as the new sanitary reality imposed by Covid-19 has brought significant impacts on urban mobility in general, we sought to understand what consequences the pandemic generates in this relationship. A case study was conducted with university students living in the Metropolitan Region of Recife during the pandemic. To meet the objective, a literature review was performed, seeking the influential factors in modal choices, considering public transport and transportation by apps. It was investigated how the transport choice process takes place from the perspective of discrete choice theory. The mathematical model chosen was a Logistic Regression, given the alignment with the theory considered. A questionnaire was distributed via the web through snowball sampling, and 404 valid responses were gathered. Statistical analyses were conducted in possession of the answers. The results indicate a reduction in the use of the two modes of transport during the pandemic. The main reason for using public transport went from study to work, while in transportation by the app, it is no longer leisure. Vehicle ownership decreases the chances of choice in both modes. Higher education, the availability of driving licenses, and higher income have reduced the chances of using public transportation. Having a formal job and studying face-to-face has positively influenced the choice of ridesourcing. Public transportation was the most cited as a substitute in case of unavailability of ridesourcing services and vice versa. In case transport by apps does not leave the user at the final destination, the preferred mode to complement the trip is public transport. Thus, it is possible to conclude that the effects are complex but strongly more competitive for the group and site studied. 

     

     

     

19
  • RAYRA AMORIM SILVA
  • Principal Component Analysis for the Process of Opening Underground Caverns in Salt Rocks

  • Líder : LEONARDO JOSE DO NASCIMENTO GUIMARAES
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • IGOR FERNANDES GOMES
  • BERNARDO HOROWITZ
  • EDGARD POIATE JUNIOR
  • Data: 28-mar-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The constant dynamism within the oil industry associated with the need for new technologies in terms of production, development and disposal of products were fundamental to the popularization, in recent years, of the use of underground caverns in salt rocks as an alternative for the storage of large quantities of fluids such as natural gas, crude oil and alcohol as well as the final destination of toxic waste such as radioactive waste. Salt rock is particularly useful for storage because of its low cost, low permeability and its healing potential. The opening process and subsequent development of these cavities are complex activities and encompass different areas such as transport phenomena, rock mechanics and chemical reactions, therefore, the variables involved in the process play a crucial role during the entire operation, and it is important to understand how they interact with each other and also with the fluids inside them. For this same purpose, several studies have been developed, namely, experimental tests dedicated to the search for more efficient solutions for the dissolution of salt rock or mathematical models based on these tests or numerical modeling used in the evaluation of the performance of underground caverns. In addition to these, the statistical analysis of data is also a useful tool in interpreting the results generated with numerical simulations. Thus, the present work develops numerical simulations of the dissolution mining process for opening a cave under typical conditions of water injection into a sodium chloride rock (using a finite difference code) considering different methods of saline water circulation, then the interpretation of data obtained from the modeling is made through a multivariate statistical tool. The main motivation for using the PCA (Principal Component Analysis) technique lies in the possibility of identifying through it, the variables that most influence the opening process of this cavern. For the simulations generated, the results with the statistical tool were quite satisfactory, it was found that the brine production rate contributes significantly to the process, directly influencing the behavior of other variables, the temperature in turn seems to have a secondary importance, having significant weight in terms of the second component (PC2). Regarding the total variability of the data, more than 85% of these could be represented in terms of the first component (PC1) for both scenarios studied.

20
  • FELLIPE JOSÉ REIS BRANDÃO
  • Evaluation of Compacted Sandy Soil Used in the Cover Layer of the Municipal Landfill of Altinho – PE

  • Líder : JOSE FERNANDO THOME JUCA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • JOSE FERNANDO THOME JUCA
  • CECÍLIA MARIA MOTA SILVA LINS
  • EDUARDO ANTONIO MAIA LINS
  • NAYARA TÔRRES BELFORT ACIOLI
  • Data: 31-mar-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Among the various technologies for the treatment of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW), the landfill is one of the techniques widely applied in developing countries because the operation is simple, and the cost is relatively low compared to other forms of treatment. In a sanitary landfill, a final compacted soil cover layer is applied to isolate the waste from the outside environment, to minimize the entry of water into the waste massif, to reduce gas emissions into the atmosphere, and to avoid the proliferation of rodents and disease vectors. The Brazilian standards that deal with landfills in terms of design, implementation, operation, and closure, do not discriminate the type of soil to be used as a cover layer material, do not stipulate minimum thickness, do not present a methodology for its execution, and do not mention values for the soil water permeability coefficient of the cover system. In this sense, this scientific composition aims to investigate the performance of compacted soil used as a raw material constituent of the cover layer of the Municipal Landfill of Altinho - PE. To this end, the physical characterization of the soil used in the layer was performed, verification of its parameters regarding the feasibility for use in landfills, mineralogical analysis, evaluation of water permeability of the compacted soil at different moistures, the study of shear strength and numerical simulation of a cell of the landfill, obtaining the curve of the characteristic curve of the soil and analysis of the experimental points of the curve to the adjustments proposed in the literature. The relation between the optimum compaction moisture and the generalized air entry point (GAE) was verified. The results showed that, although the soil presents 69% sand, it has admissible water permeability for use in landfills according to international standards. This permeability seems to be directly related to the mineralogical composition of the soil, which is conducive to the occurrence of cementation reactions. The fit of the van Genuchten curve to the experimental points of the retention curve met the conditions of agreement from the statistical parameters analyzed. The optimum soil compaction moisture has a value close to the GAE, in which soil desaturation begins and the air starts to enter the largest pores formed moisture loss. The soil compaction should be done in the normal proctor energy obeying the addition of enough water to reach the optimum moisture. In conclusion, that type of final cover layer (compacted sandy-clay soil) used is inadequate for the landfill region due to the climatological characteristics to which the soil is subjected. The soil compaction of the cover layer can be performed at normal proctor energy at optimum moisture since in this scenario the cover layer presents concomitantly the highest shear strength and water permeability at adequate levels.

21
  • MATEUS ARAÚJO DE SOUZA CELESTINO
  • Recommendations for the Detailing of Indirect Supports in Reinforced Concrete Beams

  • Líder : BERNARDO HOROWITZ
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • TIAGO ANCELMO DE CARVALHO PIRES DE OLIVEIRA
  • LEONARDO CORREIA DE OLIVEIRA
  • PAULO DE ARAUJO REGIS
  • Data: 13-may-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Indirect supports consist of beams being supported by others beams and the presence of these support situations in constructions is increasingly common, as it is a structural alternative to increase spans without columns, for example. These are discontinuity regions and must be designed using the strut and tie method (STM). In the present work, the theory for the application of STM is explained and its application and importance is presented in one of the studies exposed in the work. The recommendations present in the literature and the normative indications of several standards (ACI 318-19, CSA A23.3-04, among others) are presented and compared with each other. In addition, five experiments are presented, which are divided into two groups: the first one that considers elements in which the torsion does not act on the support beam and a second one in which the torsion acts. Therefore, the present work, through comparisons between recommendations and experimental studies, aims to present recommendations for the design of indirect supports in reinforced concrete beams. Differences were observed between the recommendations of the literature and the standard in most of the design points: addition to the shear reinforcement, load to be suspended, distribution zone, among others. In addition, for regions where there is a torsional moment acting on the support beam, it was noticed that only the inner legs collaborate to suspend the load and this important point for the structural safety of the region is disregarded by all standards. Finally, it was observed that the Canadian standard CSA A23.3-04 proved to be the most suitable for the project and that due to the few studies found and the differences presented, it is necessary to expand research on this topic where this present work awaits to serve as a driver in the development of studies on indirect support.

22
  • ANALIZA CRISTINA FAGUNDES LEITE
  • Feasibility of Effluent Reuse Pilot Project for Operating Cost Reduction (OPEX)

  • Líder : ANDERSON LUIZ RIBEIRO DE PAIVA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • LEIDJANE MARIA MACIEL DE OLIVEIRA
  • ELIZABETH AMARAL PASTICH GONCALVES
  • FABRICIO MOTTERAN
  • Data: 13-jun-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Water is an essential asset for the life of any human being. Its use in clearing the sanitary sewage network is a common practice in Brazil. Therefore, solutions are needed so that potable water is not used for this purpose, as it must be reserved for nobler uses, and its use in sewage collection network maintenance is not interesting. The objective of this work was the creation of a pilot project for the use of effluent reuse in services of clearing the sewage network. Data were estimated in the pilot project, which was designed to meet the CONAMA 430/2011 and CPRH NT legislations Nº 2002 and 2007*, in force in the state of Pernambuco, so that the effluent is classified as Class 2 reuse water. Based on the parameters stipulated in the pilot project and with the efficiency data obtained from the ETE Centro Petrolina (existing ETE), it was verified whether the unit was suitable for the use of effluent reuse in unblocking in the municipality of Petrolina. After verifying the feasibility of the study ETE and with the extravasation data obtained from the SNIS between the years 2016 and 2019, it was found that the cost of drinking water in unblocking services in these 4 years was approximately R$873,784.00, which made the reuse of treated sewage feasible, since the cost of implementation was approximately R$ 44,000.00. It was also demonstrated that if the municipality of Petrolina had chosen to reuse effluent from 2016 to 2019, there would be monthly water availability to supply 280 homes in the region. The environmental benefits of reused water were also listed, as well as tax incentives and improvement of the institutional image for companies that adhere to this alternative. In summary, the study was satisfactory for the use of effluent reuse in unblocking the sewage network, thus contributing to other units adopting this alternative to reduce their operating costs and to enable the use of water for noble purposes, such as supplying the population.

23
  • LARISSA FERREIRA GOMES DE ARAÚJO
  • Collapsible Soils in the Brazilian Semi-Arid: a panoramic view

  • Líder : SILVIO ROMERO DE MELO FERREIRA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • KALINNY PATRÍCIA VAZ LAFAYETTE
  • MARIA ISABELA MARQUES DA CUNHA VIEIRA BELLO
  • MARIA ODETE HOLANDA MARIANO
  • Data: 30-jun-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • In semi-arid regions, where the evapotranspiration rate is higher than the infiltration rate, it is possible to observe the occurrence of collapsible soils and there are records of serious damages in constructions based on these soils. From the consultation of the Special Soils Database – BANDASE, initiated by Ferreira (1990), geotechnical information on 112 occurrences of collapsible soils, found both in large-scale engineering works and in small-scale buildings, distributed between 30 cities in 7 states in the semi-arid region of Brazil. Physical, chemical, mineralogical and microstructural characterization data were collected and analyzed, as well as single and double edometric tests, direct shear tests performed before, during and after the flood, and field tests (SPT, SPT-T, expandocollapsometer, load test on plate, Ménard pressure gauge, light dynamic penetrometer – DPL, static penetrometer – PE, light impact deflectometer – LWD). Interpretive maps of susceptibility of occurrence of collapsible soils, based on Pedology, Geology and Climate were elaborated, as well as artificial neural networks (ANN) and numerical models capable of simulating the collapsible behavior, and soil improvement techniques were also employed. The highest number of occurrences of collapsible soils in the Brazilian semiarid region were registered in the states of Pernambuco (43,24%) and Bahia (30,63%). There is a predominance (88,57%) of sandy textured soils in relation to clayey ones (11,43%). The larger particles are essentially constituted by quartz grains and the clay fraction has as main components the minerals kaolinite and mica. Acid soils (90,91%) predominate in relation to alkaline soils (9,09%). The average value of the real density of the grains (2,66) combined with the low average specific weight of the soil (15,98 KN/m3), indicates the occurrence of a macroporous structure, whose average porosity is 45,40%. This characteristic, together with the low humidity (average humidity of 5,05%), results in an average saturation degree of 17,78%. The collapsible soils of the Brazilian semi-arid region still have IP < 30% and 10% < LL < 50% and the clay activity of these soils varies from low to medium. These soils are collapse-conditioned or truly collapsible; problems in engineering works range from no problems to serious problems; possible damage also ranges from mild to high. The application of direct identification methods confirmed the collapsible behavior of the analyzed soils, however certain indirect methods (GIBBS and BARA, 1962; HANDY,1973) classified the behavior of some of these soils in an unsatisfactory way.

24
  • OTÁVIO WESLEY CAVALCANTI FAUSTINO
  • Analysis of Hydromechanical Behavior and the Crack Formation Process in Expansive Soil Reinforced with Green Coconut Fibers

  • Líder : SILVIO ROMERO DE MELO FERREIRA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ANALICE FRANCA LIMA AMORIM
  • OLAVO FRANCISCO DOS SANTOS JUNIOR
  • STELA FUCALE SUKAR
  • Data: 11-jul-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The green coconut fiber, the derived compound from the coconut production process, is an environmental liability and can become a waste, since it is traditionally discarded in inappropriate places, polluting beaches and cities, in opposition to local laws. The disposal of this fiber causes an environmental impact, mainly because it occupies urban spaces and sanitary landfills, while burning it leads to the emission of gases. In this research, the feasibility of reusing coconut fibers as reinforcement in expansive soil from Paulista/PE is investigated through laboratory experiments, by using a sample of compacted soil and in its mixtures with coconut fibers in proportions by weight of 0.25%; 0.50%; 1.00%; and 2.00%. The experiments include: granulometry, atterberg's limits, compression, swelling potential, squeeze flow, direct shear, water retention, hydraulic conductivity and analysis of crack formation and propagation by drying. With the addition of coconut fibers, there is a reduction in soil swelling potential from 101.7 kPa, for the natural soil, to 25.8 kPa, for the soil with 1% coconut fiber, a 74.63% reduction, but with 2% coconut fiber, the swelling potential does not decrease, which seems to indicate that there is a limit to the effectiveness of this application. Regarding compression, the best percentage of fiber is 1%, showing an increase in maximum tension of 57.49%. In the direct shear test, the soil and the mixtures assumed a plastic behavior, as the applied stress increased. The hydraulic conductivity does not change significantly with the addition of fiber, in no sample does the value exceed the permeability of (10-9 m/s). The crack intensity factor (CIF) decreases as the fiber content increases, with the maximum crack reduction being achieved by the use of the 2% coconut fiber sample. The inclusion of coconut fibers also transforms the wide cracks in the natural soil into narrower cracks. The insertion of green coconut fibers into the expansive soil of Paulista improves all the investigated geotechnical characteristics of the expansive soil, therefore, coconut fibers can be used as reinforcement materials in expansive soils, reducing an environmental liability.

25
  • NATHALIA LINS GONZAGA
  • Improvement of the Accelerated Method for Eevaluating the Pozzolanicity of Supplementary Cementing Materials Based on NBR 5751/2015

  • Líder : ANTONIO ACACIO DE MELO NETO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ANTONIO ACACIO DE MELO NETO
  • GUILHERME CHAGAS CORDEIRO
  • JUAREZ HOPPE FILHO
  • KAROLINE ALVES DE MELO MORAES
  • Data: 15-jul-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The cement industry has a major impact on CO2 emissions in the world. Among the viable strategies to reduce these emissions, there is the replacement of clinker with supplementary cementitious materials (SCM), which, in addition to environmental gains, also contributes to considerable improvements in the properties of concrete and mortar. Added to this, the potential decline in supplies of the most used SCM has generated interest in using unconventional pozzolans. In this context, establishing the pozzolanic reactivity of these new materials quickly and efficiently is an essential need so that they can be incorporated into the industry. Therefore, this work aimed to develop an accelerated method for evaluating the pozzolanicity of supplementary cementitious materials based on changes in NBR 5751:2015. The modifications took into account the fixing of the water/binder ratio (0.65), the use of direct thermal curing at 50°C, and until testing ages of 1 day (expedited method) or 3 days (accelerated method). The Farazdaghi-Harris statistical model was used to define the new minimum pozzolanic activity index (PAI). In the end, 10 SCM were tested according to the proposed methodology. The results were compared with NBR 5751:2015 and 5752:2014. Direct thermal curing at 50°C made it possible to classify the materials into inert/pozzolanic materials at 3 days of age in a practical, fast way. However, using the new methodology with 1 day of age proved to be viable in evaluating the pozzolanic character of high performance pozzolans, as in the case of metakaolin and silica fume. In order to be viable to predict the pozzolanic activity of the other materials, more studies need to be developed.

26
  • JOELMA FERREIRA SILVA
  • Analysis of The Evolution of Water Quality in the North Axis Section of the Integration Project of the São Francisco River

  • Líder : MARIA DO CARMO MARTINS SOBRAL
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • FABRICIO MOTTERAN
  • WANDERLI ROGERIO MOREIRA LEITE
  • ÉRIKA ALVES TAVARES MARQUES
  • Data: 19-jul-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Water of adequate quantity and quality is one of the most important bases for the healthy and sustainable development of human society and ecosystems. The irregular distribution of this resource directly affects the semi-arid region of the Northeast, which experiences constant periods of water vulnerability and droughts. The Integration Project of the São Francisco River with the Basins of the Northern Northeast (PISF) emerges as an alternative to address this imbalance, transferring water through two axes of artificial channels from a region that has an abundance to another that suffers from scarcity. The principal objective of this research was to analyze the evolution of water quality along a part of the North Axis of the PISF. Results of 11 physical, chemical, and biological parameters collected between 2014 and 2019 were used, corresponding to 8 water quality monitoring stations along the axis, including the diversion point, projected and existing reservoirs. The existing reservoirs presented parameters with the worst levels of limit violation recommended by CONAMA Resolution 357/2005, while the projected reservoirs presented values similar to the diversion point in the São Francisco River. All reservoirs and the diversion point showed high values in the parameters BOD and Total Phosphorus, indicating possible contamination by domestic sewage and/or non-point pollution generated by agriculture in the surroundings. The results of WQI, TSI and the application of multivariate statistics corroborate the difference between the water quality conditions in the projected reservoirs/diversion point and the existing reservoirs, which have not yet received transferred water. The analysis of land use in the surroundings of the projected reservoirs showed the existence of several communities in their vicinity and the possibility of several conflicts over water uses, mainly by the closest population that was not benefited with supply infrastructure or granted use for irrigation. It is considered important to strengthen the partnership between the institutions that carry out environmental control at different levels, to ensure effective monitoring, regularization and inspection of activities that impact on water quality, in addition to improving the environmental education of the population regarding the sustainable and rational use of PISF water resources.

27
  • TASSO CARVALHO DA SILVA
  • Numerical Analysis Of Failure Reactivation Associated With Fluid Injection And Production In Reservoir

  • Líder : IGOR FERNANDES GOMES
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • DEBORA CRISTINA ALMEIDA DE ASSIS
  • LEONARDO JOSE DO NASCIMENTO GUIMARAES
  • TIAGO SIQUEIRA DE MIRANDA
  • Data: 20-jul-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The study of fault zones is of paramount importance for safety in the oil production process. The fault reactivation process can lead to surface deformations, subsidence and exudation of fluids on the surface of the seabed, resulting in environmental and economic damages. Therefore, it is a coupled hydromechanical problem and the fault activation is governed by the boundary conditions of the problem and can be numerically modeled involving constitutive models suitable for the materials involved. The fault can be represented by just one filler material or divided into core and damage zones, which is an approximation consistent with field observations. This dissertation presents the hydromechanical coupled numerical simulation of two hypothetical scenarios regarding the reactivation of faults due to the change of the pressure field inside a reservoir. In the first one, a reservoir in oil production with the possibility of fault reactivation was simulated, evaluating the impact of reactivation on the stress-strain response of a submarine slope located on the seabed, over the field. The reservoir sectioned by a fault zone is subject to the operation of an injection well and another producer. The fault zone is assumed as an initially sealing region presenting itself as a geomechanical and hydraulic discontinuity of the field. The geological fault reactivation acted as a trigger of possible slope instability, causing horizontal and vertical displacements. The second scenario involves the modeling of fault reactivation of a field whose model was built from the interpretation of seismic data from the Laurentian Basin, in an offshore environment in Canada. A finite element procedure is presented that models the fluid flow in a deformable reservoir crossed by a fault system in a coupled and implicit way, considering the fault divided into core and damage zones. Numerical simulations were performed applying the finite element method, through the Mohr-Coulomb model, with Perzyna viscous regularization, using the in-house code CODE-BRIGHT. The simulation of the constitutive behavior of sealant failures led to the prediction of the possibility of failure reactivation and to the sensitivity analysis regarding the resistance property of the materials in the failure zone.

28
  • IALLY KIMBERLY DE ARRUDA COSTA
  • Characterization of synthetic carbonate rock based on laminated limestone powder from analogous outcrops

  • Líder : ANALICE FRANCA LIMA AMORIM
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • FLÁVIA DE OLIVEIRA LIMA FALCÃO
  • LEONARDO JOSE DO NASCIMENTO GUIMARAES
  • TIAGO SIQUEIRA DE MIRANDA
  • Data: 22-jul-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Synthetic carbonate rocks have been used for the analysis of mechanical, hydraulic, chemical and thermal behavior as an alternative to natural carbonate rocks found in oil and gas reservoirs around the world. Such natural rocks are very heterogeneous and have a high extraction cost, making access for further research difficult. Characteristics such as porosity, permeability and resistance are essential in the construction of synthetic rocks for greater similarity to natural rock, which can be especially achieved by adopting carbonate rock powder in its composition. One option considered for the carbonate matrix comes from mining tailings of laminated limestone in the Crato Formation, located in northeastern Brazil. These limestone rocks are considered to be analogous to carbonate reservoirs in terms of physical, faciological and age nature. In this sense, a synthetic rock was produced by mixing rock powder from laminated limestone and epoxy, obtaining petrophysical, petrographic and geomechanical characteristics. The petrography was done through the observation of thin sheets of samples of the synthesized plugs and, as well as the SEM, it showed good representation in relation to natural rock. The porosity of synthetic carbonate rock, measured by computed tomography, was around 10%. The maximum uniaxial strength and elastic modulus of synthetic rocks ranged from 64.5-101.8 MPa and 7-10.3 GPa, respectively. The diametral compression test showed expected results in the order of 10% of the uniaxial strength value. The synthetic carbonate rock produced, therefore, proved to be representative from a geomechanical and petrophysical point of view in relation to natural rock, whose manufacturing protocol is consolidated and in a position to allow the incorporation of mechanical heterogeneities that exist in carbonate reservoirs such as fractures. and concretions.

29
  • ANDREW DE ALBUQUERQUE DA ROSA TEIXEIRA
  •  Improvement And Application of the Rain-Flow Model for Perennial River Regions: Velhas and Parnaíba Basins

  • Líder : JOSE ALMIR CIRILO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ALFREDO RIBEIRO NETO
  • CARLOS DE OLIVEIRA GALVÃO
  • SUZANA MARIA GICO LIMA MONTENEGRO
  • Data: 25-jul-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Hydrological modeling is an important tool for supporting and managing water resources, as it facilitates the understanding of the physical processes that occur within a watershed. Even with the advances made in recent years, modeling is still a complex task. The rainfall-runoff hydrological model developed at the Federal University of Pernambuco called CAWM (Campus Agreste Watershed Model) has as one of its premises the simplicity and the few parameters to calibrate. In this work, the CAWM V version was applied, developed to be applied to hydrographic basins in sub-humid and humid climates, in regions with deeper soils that allow the maintenance of base flows during dry periods. Another focus was the application to large basins. Two large Brazilian hydrographic watersheds were simulated, the first being the Velhas river basin, whose main river is the largest tributary in extension of the São Francisco River, with 782 km in length and covering an area of 27862 km², and the second one being the Parnaiba River basin, whose area is 331,441.00 km² with the main river extending 1,467 km. When the watershed concentration time is longer than the simulation time step, in the case of one day, which occurs in the two watersheds under study, it is necessary to consider in the CAWM the delay between the occurrence of rain and its effect on the runoff until the outlet. One of the ways is to pre-distribute the rain in time before performing the simulations. Two procedures can be used in the adopted model: the first distributes the rainfall from the tracing of isochronous lines (lines that contain points whose travel time to the control section is equal) and the second uses the formulation of the synthetic time x area histogram Clark method to redistribute the mean flow of the basin over time. In order to improve the CAWM rainfall-runoff model and for performance comparison purposes, the French model GR4J and the large basin model MGB-IPH were applied to the Velhas river basin. The results obtained show that the CAWM V presented general results between good and very good according to the graphical analysis and the efficiency indicators used.

30
  • MARIA CAMILLA FARIAS CABRAL DE MIRANDA
  • Experimental Analysis of the Geomechanical Behavior of Fractures in Synthetic Carbonate Rocks

  • Líder : LEONARDO JOSE DO NASCIMENTO GUIMARAES
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • JOSE AGNELO SOARES
  • CECÍLIA MARIA MOTA SILVA LINS
  • IGOR FERNANDES GOMES
  • Data: 29-jul-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The study of the properties of carbonate rocks is of great importance, because they are associated with significant oil and gas reserves all over the world. The carbonate reservoirs were reinvigorated in Brazil after the discovery of the pre-salt layer, so the objective of the synthesis of carbonate rocks in the laboratory is to simulate the natural matrix of the carbonate rock in relation to the main factors involved in the lithification process, such as the size and shape of the grains, sample dimensions, pressure applied in the compaction, among others. With this, the fabrication of specimens is allowed to reproduce future tests under extreme conditions, replacing some obstacles of obtaining high-cost natural samples. The use of synthetic samples results in more uniform samples, allowing for greater repeatability of the tests. From a geomechanical point of view, fractures act as focusing agents for mechanical properties and the study of the contribution of these fractures in carbonate rocks, whether natural or induced, considers the efficiency of reservoirs as a function of the nature of these rocks. In this work, analyzes were carried out to characterize the rocks and the value of the simple compressive strength of the synthetic rock, which classified it as a moderately hard carbonate rock, in accordance with the purpose of the work. In the qualitative analysis of porosity, computed tomography scans were used to understand the internal structure of the rocks before and after shearing, as well as analyzes using a porosimeter test. The main objective was to analyze the parameters of direct shear strength at the surface of artificially induced fractures of carbonate rocks. Thus, the study of the Mohr-Coulomb criterion was carried out to determine the shear strength through the direct shear test with a special shear cell, designed to couple the cylindrical rock sample with induced fracture in the shear press. The test campaign carried out allowed the determination of the strength parameters of the material studied based on the Mohr-Coulomb criterion.

31
  • NIVIA MORGANA DE OLIVEIRA
  • Geomechanical Characterization and Numerical and Experimental Modeling of Laminated Limestone Tests from the Crato Formation

  • Líder : IGOR FERNANDES GOMES
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • JOSE ANTONIO BARBOSA
  • LEILA BRUNET DE SA BESERRA
  • OSVALDO JOSE CORREIA FILHO
  • Data: 29-jul-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • To understand the fracture system and the permoporous networks of reservoirs composed of low permeability limestone rocks, it is essential to understand the stresses suffered by the rock. The analysis of the mechanical behavior of the rock can be done through the performance of mechanical tests on specimens of rocks, as well as through numerical modeling. The study of the physical process, as well as the search for a mechanical constitutive model that allows predicting the deformation and fracturing of the rock, are fundamental. Analogous outcrops allow the characterization of rock formations, as well as the investigation of the generation, propagation, dimensions and connectivity of fractures, in addition to making possible the collection of rock samples. This dissertation studies laminated limestones from the Crato Formation, located in the Araripe Basin in Northeast Brazil, considered an outcrop analogous to the carbonate rocks of the Brazilian Pre-Salt. The approach involved performing Uniaxial and Diametral Compression tests on the samples to determine mechanical parameters, such as modulus of elasticity and tensile strength. The generation and propagation of fractures of the samples submitted to the Uniaxial Compression test were reproduced through numerical simulations, in a plane deformation analysis, using a mesh fragmentation technique based on finite elements with high aspect ratio, which consists of inserting interface elements between regular elements of a finite element mesh, together with a constitutive model based on damage mechanics. The heterogeneity of the samples is evidenced by the discontinuity of the fractures between the layers. The analysis of the behavior of fractures when subjected to certain stresses, contribute to the understanding of the generation and propagation of fractures in the application of the hydraulic fracturing technique in non-conventional reservoirs.

32
  • LUCIANA BEZERRA SOARES
  • Methodology for Simulation of Start-Up Period of SBR System with Granular Sludge Treating Diluted Domestic Wastewater Using the Activated Sludge Model 3H (ASM3H)

  • Líder : MARIA DE LOURDES FLORENCIO DOS SANTOS
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • BRUNA SCANDOLARA MAGNUS
  • TIAGO ROGERIO VITOR AKABOCI
  • WAMBERTO RAIMUNDO DA SILVA JÚNIOR
  • Data: 02-ago-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The objective of this study was to evaluate the simulation performance of the Activated Sludge Model 3 (ASM3), associated with a mathematical model of biofilm, to describe the granulation process and the effiency in terms of removal of organic matter and nitrogen compounds in a sequential batch reactor (SBR) with aerobic granular sludge (AGL) treating diluted urban wasterwater, using the AQUASIM 2.0® program. The pilot reactor was installed in the experimental area of the Environmental Sanitation Laboratory of the Federal University of Pernambuco (LSA-UFPE), located at the Mangueira wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), and was operated and monitored for 138 days. The characterization of the influent sewage from the Mangueira WWTP was carried out based on the procedure proposed by the German resolution DWA-A 131 and the fractionation parameters were obtained through linear programming in Excel® program. Due to limitations of the pre-defined models of AQUASIM 2.0®, it was necessary to adopt a fixed number of granules during the entire simulation. Thus, to simulate the granulation process, the thickness of the granules was controlled in order to guarantee that the total granular mass obtained experimentally was conserved during the simulation. Although the model has demonstrated a satisfactory predictability of the parameters Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and ammoniacal nitrogen, the data from the simulations obtained from the denitrification process did not respond with such reliability. This result may be a consequence of the homogeneity of the simulated biomass, since all granules had the same diameter, which may have disfavored denitrification. More studies should be done to investigate the feasibility of the adopted strategy.

33
  • VINÍCIUS WENDEL DOS SANTOS MOURA
  • Reliability Analysis of Ovalized Pipelines and with Corrosion Defects Submitted to External Pressure Via Finite Element Method

  • Líder : RENATO DE SIQUEIRA MOTTA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • JEFFERSON WELLANO OLIVEIRA PINTO
  • JULIANA VON SCHMALZ TORRES
  • TIAGO ANCELMO DE CARVALHO PIRES DE OLIVEIRA
  • Data: 08-ago-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The oil and natural gas industry generates billions of reais a year, this is about of Brazil. In fact, the quarterly reports of production and sales of oil and natural gas show an increase in production year after year. All these materials are carried through pipelines, one of the main structures of this economic activity. However, certain situations can occur with pipelines from their conception to their installation and operation, one of which is able of causing deformations in the shape of these pipelines, such as ovality, which must be considered in analysis of submarine pipelines. In operation, pipelines can suffer from corrosion, a natural process able of deteriorating their integrity and causing damage to their performance. These situations can manifest themselves in a way able of causing the collapse of the pipelines, so maintenance and investigation plans are important to prevent accidents, which in most cases have a great social, economic and environmental impact. This dissertation seeks to study the collapse pressure of ovalized pipelines with corrosion defects subjected to external pressure (subsea pipelines) associate with reliability analysis, a statistical study that seeks to estimate the probability of failure in order to meet a level of safety and guarantee of structural stability. For the reliability analysis, we tried to define the failure function and the random variables of the problem. In this work, the failure function will depend on the evaluation of the collapse pressure. Semi-empirical formulations coded in the Matlab program were used. The methods used were proposed by authors such as Netto, Bai and Bai, Klever and Tamano, and DNV. The results obtained by the semi-empirical formulations were compared with numerical simulations, one of the most accurate approaches, the Finite Element Method (FEM). Due to the complexity and non-linearity of the problem, the pipeline was simulated in a computational tool, authored by PADMEC, this algorithm uses FEM and other software in its iterations, pipelines data, corrosion defect and ovality are introduced into the program, then part of the pipeline is modeled and simulated (non-linear analysis) automatically by the computational tool, returning the value of the failure pressure. Two ovality models were considered in the algorithm, Motta's and Karadeniz's. The results obtained by the iterative process through the FEM were compared with the analytical results. The results showed that the semi-empirical formulations were consistent with the experimental results in the validation phase in Matlab, especially Netto's proposal. The formulation of the DNV standard and the formulation proposed by Bai and Bai proved to be conservative since they consider generalized corrosion by decreasing the thickness of the pipeline, where the greatest defect depth occurs.

34
  • EROS HENRIQUE DE SOUZA LIMA
  • Pathologies In Prestressed Concrete Sleepers: Case Study Of A Brazilian Railway

  • Líder : ARNALDO MANOEL PEREIRA CARNEIRO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ANTONIO ACACIO DE MELO NETO
  • FRANCISCO GILDEMIR FERREIRA DA SILVA
  • SELMO CHAPIRA KUPERMAN
  • Data: 12-ago-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • This work aims to contribute to the study of the behavior of prestressed concrete railway sleepers. In Brazil, the prestressed concrete sleeper is the main type of sleeper used in passenger transport systems (metro) and has been increasingly used in freight railways, especially with the recent programs to encourage rail transport by the federal government. However, there are challenges in ensuring that the prestressed concrete sleepers meet expected performance standards, as many concrete sleepers fail prematurely and need to be replaced every year. Such failures have already been responsible for large-scale railway accidents which have caused financial losses and endangered the safety of rail transport users. Since the sleepers are exposed to environmental weather and subjected to cyclical loads of great intensity, they become a concrete element susceptible to pathologies of the most varied types and origins. This paper proposes to review the current literature on the main material used in the sleeper’s production and deterioration mechanisms of prestressed concrete sleepers, discuss their causes and consequences, and suggest the main corrective and preventive measures that can be taken to minimize each problem. For ease of understanding, the failures have been separated into two groups: intrinsic failures, such as failures due to internal concrete deficiencies, and extrinsic failures, such as those associated with the high impact loads of railways and freeze-thaw cycles. In general, the causes of sleeper failures are related to the use of inappropriate materials in the production of sleepers, failures in the execution of the curing and prestressing of the concrete, poor maintenance of the railway and bad conditions of the rolling stock. The present research also investigated the occurrence of pathological manifestations in sleepers of a Brazilian railroad through a case study. The sleepers were visually inspected and tested through carbonation testing, chemical analysis, petrographic analysis and scanning electron microscopy of the concrete in order to identify the pathology responsible for the sleepers' degradation. At the end of the analysis, it was concluded that the sleepers are affected by the attack of  late ettringite formation.

35
  • GUILHERME CORRÊA LOPES MONTEIRO
  • Social Participation and Citizen’s Rights in Urban Mobility Plans: A Matrix of Good Practices Based on Indicators

  • Líder : ENILSON MEDEIROS DOS SANTOS
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ANISIO BRASILEIRO DE FREITAS DOURADO
  • LEONARDO HERSZON MEIRA
  • MARIA VICTORIA LEAL DE ALMEIDA NASCIMENTO
  • Data: 15-ago-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • This dissertation aimed to verify the level of internalization of social participation and citizen's rights that the cities of Olinda/PE and Joinville/SC obtained during the entire process of elaborating their respective urban mobility plans. Assessing the degree of insertion of civil society in policies has become a particularly important topic in the field of transportation engineering in Brazil in the 21st century due to the paradigm shift that has taken place towards the promotion of sustainable mobility, culminating in the approval of Federal Laws like the Statute of the City of 2001 and the National Urban Mobility Policy of 2012, which explicitly mention the obligation to involve the population in the elaboration of Municipal Urban Mobility Plans. To this end, the Public Participation Index (PPI) was used in conjunction with the Arnstein’s ladder typology, through participation indicators that use the multiattribute value theory based on multi-criteria decision analysis. The results obtained show that the city of Olinda managed to reach a level of social participation much higher than that of Joinville, obtaining higher scores in four of the five criteria analyzed in this research, particularly highlighting its aspects of transparency, inclusion and exchange of information between the actors involved in the process, which is likely to encourage local citizens to participate again in a future policy, increasing social capital. On the other hand, several errors were observed in the conduction of the insertion of citizens in the Joinville plan, particularly in the stages of inclusion and exchange of information between the actors, making it difficult to create a participatory culture and possibly discouraging local inhabitants from engaging in a new process, requiring extra effort from future policy-makers. Despite the positive aspects observed, especially in Olinda, the involvement of the population has not yet reached the expected and desired level after 10 years of approval of the National Policy.

36
  • FRANCISCO JOSÉ VASCONCELOS DE ANDRADE
  • A Contribution to the Definition of Guidelines for the Eelaboration of Urban Mobilty Plans in Small and Medium Sized Cities in Pernambuco

  • Líder : ENILSON MEDEIROS DOS SANTOS
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • MAURICIO OLIVEIRA DE ANDRADE
  • ANISIO BRASILEIRO DE FREITAS DOURADO
  • DANNUBIA RIBEIRO PIRES
  • Data: 23-ago-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • This dissertation aims to create a methodology to identify urban mobility problems in cities with less than 100 thousand inhabitants. With a list of the problems, it was possible to suggest guidelines to help the local administration of the cities included in this study. These suggestions aim to help said administration in the creation, and implementation of their urban mobility plans. The methodology present in this dissertation uses as basis fourteen requirements. All of them are included in guides made by the Brazilian federal government, in which they also focus in cities below the inhabitant limit studied in this dissertation. Initially in this dissertation, it was demonstrated urban mobility plans already finished by other Brazilian cities. The objective of this step was to detect the presence of the fourteen requirements, as well as the presence of different ideas not included in the guides, as well as to create a basis to compare with the area to be analysed. After that the group of cities to be studied was determined. In which cities from Pernambuco were chosen to be analysed. This analysis aims tocreate different groups within these cities, said groups would be determined by their socioeconomics characteristics. This division was achieved using the clustering method. In which six groups were created, and from each of these groups, one city was chosen to be its representative. In each representative cities a deeper analysis was made of their urban mobility. With google streetview as the tool used in this part of the process. In conjunction with the aforementioned procedure, local news websites and local administration websites were also used to gather information. With that it was possible to get a closer view of urban mobility problems in these groups of cities and with that create possible ways to solve said problems, and for these to be included in the urban mobility plan of these cities.

37
  • THAÍS TENÓRIO DOURADO
  • Finite Element Models for Nonlinear Analysis of Onshore Wind Turbines’ Embedded Ring Foundations

  • Líder : PAULO MARCELO VIEIRA RIBEIRO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • TIAGO ANCELMO DE CARVALHO PIRES DE OLIVEIRA
  • FERNANDO ARTUR NOGUEIRA SILVA
  • RAUL DARIO DURAND FARFAN
  • Data: 24-ago-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Wind turbines’ share in the energy industry continues to grow, its renewable energy source status deeming it attractive due to environmental policies established worldwide. Most of these turbines are onshore installations and are supported by steel towers connected to reinforced concrete foundations through embedded rings, a type of

    structure with reported damages to the tower-foundation interface. This study presents simulation procedures for this kind of foundation concerning their structural behaviour. Emphasis is given to developing finite element models with the aid of the finite element software Abaqus. Four 3D models were developed with differing numerical assumptions so that it would be possible to understand how each affected the structural behaviour

    and which model better fitted the purpose of investigating the concrete around the bottom flange of the steel ring. The assumptions cover nonlinear elastic supports, contact interaction and nonlinear concrete behaviour. This research provides a valuable resource since the knowledge of the structural response of the different assumptions

    led to the design of a numerical model capable of reproducing field-reported behaviours in the foundation. This model can be used to prevent deterioration in embedded-ring foundations, and future advances can guide maintenance and rehabilitation plans on existing wind turbine farms.

38
  • EDUARDA DE FRANÇA ANDRADE
  • Optimization of well Placement and Flow Rates in oil Reservoirs Using Genetic Algorithms and Adaptive Surrogate Models

  • Líder : SILVANA MARIA BASTOS AFONSO DA SILVA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • BERNARDO HOROWITZ
  • DENIS JOSE SCHIOZER
  • JEFFERSON WELLANO OLIVEIRA PINTO
  • Data: 26-ago-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The development of new fields for oil production is increasingly complex and expensive. Moreover, having profitable production in mature fields, where water production rates are generally high, also represents a challenge for the Reservoir Engineering area. In both situations, it cannot be easy to obtain investment returns using only traditional production management techniques. Therefore, there is a growing interest in the Oil and Gas Industry in developing optimization procedures based on numerical simulations that efficiently guide well operation planning. Thus, the present work focuses on maximizing the reservoir's net present value (NPV) through optimizing field management operations such as well placement and flow management with control cycles. The optimization problem of a known reservoir in the literature was solved through three different approaches using the genetic algorithm (AG) of the MATLAB Toolbox Optimization and the technique of sequential approximation optimization (SAO). In two sequential steps, the first approach optimized the location of wells (AG) and their flow rates (SAO). The second approach used AG to simultaneously define the best position for the wells and the best flow rates for each well in the defined control cycles. In the third, the second methodology (integrated AG) was combined with an additional step that optimized the flows through the SAO. During the optimization process, a series of function evaluations were performed using a reservoir simulator. Due to the high cost of this process and aiming to reduce it, a methodology with adaptive substitute models was used. As the optimization problem studied is constrained, techniques such as chromosome repair and an adaptive penalty method were used that allowed the GA to work respecting the constraints imposed on the problem. For all studies, 20 optimization runs were performed. Among all cases and approaches studied, the solution associated with the best NPV had a 50.44% increase concerning the base case. The significant reduction in water production was the most decisive parameter for this increase, reaching about 87.70% in the best result obtained in this work. The methodologies suggested here brought results consistent with significant improvements in NPV, the main objective of this work.

39
  • WINDSON BEZERRA DE AGUIAR
  • A  Progressive Methodology for the Analysis of Stresses Produced by Earthquakes in Concrete Dams: Application to the Jucazinho Dam.

  • Líder : PAULO MARCELO VIEIRA RIBEIRO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • MARCUS VINICIUS GIRAO DE MORAIS
  • RENATO DE SIQUEIRA MOTTA
  • ROMILDE ALMEIDA DE OLIVEIRA
  • Data: 26-ago-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • In Brazil, it is not common to observe the effects of relevant earthquakes, due to the geological formation of the country, which is completely contained in the South American plate. However, the occurrence of small amplitude events, caused by intraplate seismicity, is quite common. The traditional design methods linked to most Brazilian dams ignore these effects or are based on outdated procedures, such as the seismic coefficient method. This work presents a stress study through a progressive methodology for the Jucazinho dam, located in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil, which is currently undergoing structural repair and rehabilitation. Four different levels of analysis are employed. The first level refers to a pseudo-static analysis, through the application of the seismic load through the seismic coefficient methods, in which the dam behaves like a rigid body, and it is not considered the interactions between dam, reservoir and foundation. Then, a pseudo-dynamic analysis is studied, which checks the spectral response of the earthquake in the dam, considering the elasticity of the structure. After that, a new analysis is performed, but verifying how stresses when applying a seismic load as a time series horizontal acceleration. The dam, foundation and the reservoir are modeled using the Finite Element Method, considering an interaction between subsystems. Finally, a last analysis is considered, which has a model similar to the previous one, but now considering the physical non-linearity of the material that makes up a structure. Throughout the studies, it is possible to verify the difference of the analysis in the dam when considering a conservative effect, expanding the analysis to a more sophisticated and more complex model.

40
  • MAIANA BORBA VILARIM
  • Low Cost Green Roof Thermal Performance ina a Humid Tropical Climate Region

     

  • Líder : SYLVANA MELO DOS SANTOS
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ANDERSON LUIZ RIBEIRO DE PAIVA
  • LEIDJANE MARIA MACIEL DE OLIVEIRA
  • DIEGO CEZAR DOS SANTOS ARAÚJO
  • Data: 29-ago-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • In general, urbanization results in several problems for the urban environment and, mainly, for the environment, such as floods and urban heat islands. The search for development based on sustainable technologies, which can make the advancement of society less aggressive and harmful to the environment, is increasing. Green technologies can be used to mitigate the environmental impacts caused by urbanization, and among such technologies are ecological roofs. In this context, green roofs are inserted, which are able to contribute to thermal comfort and to reduce the volume of surface runoff. However, there are few green roofs, and this may be associated with the lack of knowledge of the technique by the population, or even the cost of implementation, limiting its use to families with better financial conditions. Therefore, this research analyzes the thermal performance of a low-cost green roof, built with PET bottles, in the city of Recife, Pernambuco. Three different roofs (a conventional slab roof and two green roofs) were investigated, aiming to compare the thermal behavior below them. On the green roofs investigated, one of them was implanted in a conventional way and the other with PET bottles as a support structure. The Aranto vegetation (Kalanchoe laetivirens) was chosen for its great resistance to water scarcity and insolation, for its easy propagation and acquisition, and for its low value. With the use of thermometers and thermohygrometers, temperatures were monitored from March to May 2021. The temperatures below the low-cost green roof showed intermediate values in relation to the other roofs, however, more similar to the values observed by the conventional green roof. The maximum temperatures in the conventional green roof were up to 2.7 °C and 3.4 °C less than the external maximums and those obtained with the conventional roof, respectively. In the case of the low-cost green roof, these values were up to 2.3 °C and 1.6 °C lower than the external maximums and the conventional roof, respectively. Due to its characteristics and thermal benefits, the PET vegetated roof indicated to be a good sustainable and accessible technology.

41
  • LYSANNE SOUZA DE MOURA
  • Computational Modeling Applied to the Revitalization of Urban Rivers: A Case Study in a Tejipió River Hydrographic Sub-Basin-Recife/PE

  • Líder : JAIME JOAQUIM DA SILVA PEREIRA CABRAL
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ADRIANO ROLIM DA PAZ
  • JOSE ROBERTO GONCALVES DE AZEVEDO
  • LEIDJANE MARIA MACIEL DE OLIVEIRA
  • Data: 30-ago-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The disorderly urban occupations modify the patterns of floods, increasing the intensities and periodicity of occurrences. In this way, the floods highlights damage and economics loses. The basin of the Tejipió River has periodic floods (at least five times a year) with heavy rains. In the regions of Coqueiral and Sapo Nú, between the middle and upper Tejipió, events such as those on May 28, 2022 (~200mm in 24h) homeless around 2,000 families. The revitalization of urban rivers emerges as a concept to improve their environmental conditions, hydrological and hydraulic functions, comprising the revitalization of the river as an element of urban structuring. Revitalization in the watershed positive responses, such as the implementation of permeable areas, presented in green and blue infrastructure concepts. This research aimed to evaluate the hydrological and hydrodynamic responses from the computational modeling of revitalization scenarios in a stretch of the Tejipió-Recife/PE river basin. Four analysis scenarios were created: C0- Current Situation, C2 – Sustainable development (15% increase in permeable areas distributed in the basin) and C3 – Enhancement of green areas (permeable areas in PPA). Each scenario was submitted to four events, two theoretical (time return 10 and 25 years) and two reals (April/2021 and May/2021). The revitalization scenario whit better hydrological response it was the C2, compared to C0, with an 8% increase in Tc, reduction of 4% impervious areas and reduction in peak flow from 4.5% (TR10), 4.6% (TR25), 6.0% (April/2021) and 2.9% (May/2021). The 2D hydrodynamic model was applied to the C0 and C2 scenarios in the areas corresponding to the most affects communities in the region. In Coqueiral, hydrological improvements mitigated the floods, with a reduction of 4% in the affected areas and 2% a maximum depth (in April), increasing in the smaller depth areas and, consequently, as reducing deeper areas. In the calibration at Coqueiral, the NSE was 0.71 (good) and in the validation it was 0.50 (satisfactory). In Sapo Nú, the hydrodynamic modelling was representative, as a sinuosity of the river provoked an increase in flood depths, and the lack of knowledge of the flood marks prevented the calibration and validation of the model. Hydrological and hydrodynamic models are capable of simulating theoretical and real rainfall and subsidizing studies for hydraulic works and interventions that requalify and revitalize rivers and hydrographic basins. In addition, the role of public authorities and the population in the revitalization process is fundamental to the success of the process. 

42
  • RAIZA SILVA BEZERRA
  • Expansive Soils in the Brazilian Semi-Arid: a panoramic view

  • Líder : SILVIO ROMERO DE MELO FERREIRA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ANALICE FRANCA LIMA AMORIM
  • JOAQUIM TEODORO ROMAO DE OLIVEIRA
  • SÉRGIO CARVALHO DE PAIVA
  • Data: 31-ago-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The Brazilian Semiarid region covers 1262 municipalities, with an area of1,182,697 km², corresponding to more than 60% of the Northeast and more to the northern region of Minas Gerais. With a population of almost 23 million inhabitants, it is a region that, despite presenting some economic and social advances in recent decades, requires greater attention due to low economic dynamism, with social indicators below national and regional averages. It is a region that presents great susceptibility to the occurrence of expansive soils, that is, soils that present volume variation and that in periods of drought are easily recognized due to many cracks. These soils cause major problems for civil construction, and can even collapse buildings. From the consultation of the Special Soils Database - BANDASE, initiated by Ferreira (1990), geotechnical information of 74 occurrences of expansive soils in the Brazilian semiarid, found in the states of Pernambuco (26 points), Bahia (36 points) was identified, Piauí (2 points), Ceará (6 points), Paraíba (1 point) and Rio Grande do Norte (3 points) in small to large projects. Characterization data were collected and analyzed: physical, chemical, mineralogical and microstructural; test data: single and double edometrics, direct shear, SPT. The samples were classified by direct and indirect methods. Interpretive maps of susceptibility to the occurrence of expandable soils; Artificial neural networks (ANN) capable of simulating the behavior of expandable soils and soil improvement techniques were also analyzed. Samples were classified according to expansibility by the criteria of: Skempton (1953) as inactive to normal; Van Der Merve (1964) from low to high; Chen (1965), Daksanamurthy and Raman (1973), Seed, Woodword and Lundgren (1962) from low to very high; Holtz and Gibbs (1956) from inactive to very active; Priklonskij as not expandable to only 1 samples, the others were all expandable. The percentage of clay in the analyzed samples varies between 2.1% and 70%. The mineral clays identified were kaolinite, mica, illite, montmorillonite, vermiculite and chlorite. For the cation exchange capacity, all samples analyzed in this criterion were classified from high to very high. The samples showed hydrogenion potential (pH) from moderately acidic to alkaline. Only 2 samples from Pernambuco are dystrophic, the others are eutrophic. The analyzed samples are sodic and sodic according to the saturation of (100 Na+/T). The most abundant oxides are silicon (SiO2), aluminum (AL2O3) and iron (Fe2O3). According to the criterion of Jimenez Salas (1980), pathological damage to buildings varies from small cracks to demolition of the building. Soil improvement techniques were proven by additions to the expansive soil of materials: lime, rice husk ash and construction waste. Another improvement technique used was to avoid contact between the building and the ground to prevent cracks, as long as the foundation is laid on a non-expansive layer. The Artificial Neural Networks showed good performance in the identification of expansive soils through the parameters of sand and clay percentage, plasticity indices and activity. In this way, with the correct identification of the parameters of this soil, it is possible to improve and adapt it for the purposes of civil construction, which, without a doubt, will provide a better living condition for the population of the Brazilian semiarid region.

43
  • MARIA LUÍZA RAMALHO DE ARAÚJO
  • Ternary Mixtures Based On Hydrated Lime, Metakaolin And Sugarcane Bagasse Ash as Supplementary Cementitious Materials

  • Líder : ANTONIO ACACIO DE MELO NETO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ANTONIO ACACIO DE MELO NETO
  • JOÃO PAULO CASTRO GOMES
  • MARCELO HENRIQUE FARIAS DE MEDEIROS
  • ALEX NEVES JUNIOR
  • Data: 13-dic-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The use of supplementary cementitious materials (SCM), known in the Brazilian literature as mineral additions, to replace Portland cement was a very important advance for the development of cementitious materials. The present work aims to characterize the ternary mixtures of sugarcane bagasse ash (SCBA) in natura, metakaolin (MK) and hydrated lime, as well as the possible pozzolanicity among the compositions of SCBA and metakaolin, so that they can be used as addition to Portland cement. For this, 21 compositions were prepared in different combinations of materials of 100% content of SCBA and Metakaolin, with variations of 5 in 5% between the materials, ranging from 100% SCBA to 100% Metakaolin, to identify as materials that have pozzolanic potentials in relation to XRD tests and NBR 5751:2015 standard. However, in the assays to determine the pozzolanic activity index by NBR 5752:2015, were only studied of the 10, 20, 30, 50, 60, 75 and 100% of SCBA in natura compositions with MK, to observe the strength of Portland materials, analyzing the percentages of SCBA in natura with the highest concentration among them. The stages were constituted firstly by the characterization of the materials, then by the microstructural analysis of the mixtures with the identification of the main phases and the indicative of the levels of consumption of calcium hydroxide from the variations of substitution of each material, and finally, by the indirect evaluation of pozzolanic activity with lime (ABNT NBR 5751, 2015) and with cement (ABNT NBR 5752, 2014). The microstructural results obtained by the diffractograms showed a greater consumption of calcium hydroxide as the percentage of metakaolin increased and the ash content of sugarcane bagasse decreased. This trend was repeated for the results of the compressive strength tests with lime, verifying that a substitution of up to 55% SCBA in natura in ternary mixtures with metakaolin and hydrated lime can be indirectly considered a pozzolanic material. Above that, the mixtures are not considered pozzolanic according to the limit of 6MPa determined by the standard. As for the compressive strength test with cement at 28 days, standardized by NBR 5752 (ABNT, 2014), it was found that the compositions containing ash with up to 60% of SCBA in natura in mixtures with metakaolin can be considered pozzolanic. In this way, it is possible to produce a pozzolanic material from a ternary composition by mixing a low potential material such as SCBA in natura, a high reactivity material (metakaolin) and hydrated lime for use as pozzolanic materials. Therefore, it is possible to solve the problem of SCBA that generates waste without destination throughout Brazil and in the State of Pernambuco.

44
  • HÉLIO DA SILVA QUEIRÓZ JÚNIOR
  • Prediction of the Occurrence of Delays on Takeoffs from Guarulhos Airport

  • Líder : VIVIANE ADRIANO FALCAO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ENILSON MEDEIROS DOS SANTOS
  • EVANDRO JOSÉ DA SILVA
  • FRANCISCO GILDEMIR FERREIRA DA SILVA
  • Data: 15-dic-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • A common problem at airports around the world is delays on commercial flights. The growing demand for air transport makes these delays more and more recurrent, adding costs and requiring constant adjustments in flight management. Defining the most effective method to predict the occurrence of these delays is a recurring theme in air traffic operation research. In these studies, the specificity of the analyzed area (whether an airline, an airport or the entire operation of a country), the complexity of the output sought (regression or classification prediction) or the size of the database used require more detailed analysis methods. robust, with machine learning being a common alternative to the use of classical statistical methods. Among the prediction models by machine learning, Artificial Neural Networks stand out due to the modular capacity of the method, allowing adaptation to the applied purpose. However, the divergence between the scenarios studied attributes different accuracy checks between the responses obtained in the studies carried out. Thus, this study aims to define the most appropriate scenarios and methods to more accurately estimate the occurrence of delays at airports. Therefore, bibliometric review and meta-analysis methods were used to define a baseline to assess the accuracy of the methods. Then, the researched studies were classified through Data Envelopment Analysis by metafrontier, defining the ideal scenarios for a better prediction response. The analyzes indicate that the Neural Network of the MultiLayer Perceptron (MLP) type, have better effectiveness in the predictive responses for analyzes in routes or airlines, regardless of the reason for the delay. Thus, a comparative case study was applied for the defined forecasting scenario, verifying the predictive capacity of the model for the São Paulo International Airport and a national airline operating there. The results indicate that the universal analysis of delays, through a predictive classification system regarding the delay time, proved to be more effective. Therefore, the specificity of the scenarios and the adequacy of the causes for the analyzed area are more impactful in defining the results of a flight delay forecast than the mass of data obtained.

45
  • JOSÉ IVAN DOS SANTOS JUNIOR
  • Brasília Landfill: A Case Study on Slope Stability

  • Líder : JOSE FERNANDO THOME JUCA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ALEXANDRE DUARTE GUSMAO
  • FERNANDO ANTONIO MEDEIROS MARINHO
  • LEONARDO JOSE DO NASCIMENTO GUIMARAES
  • Data: 20-dic-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The geotechnical stability of sanitary landfills is essential for the proper functioning of this enterprise and to guarantee its global safety. In Brazil, studies related to the stability and geotechnical monitoring of waste massifs began to intensify after the rupture in 1991 of the AS-1 phase of the Bandeirantes sanitary landfill in the city of São Paulo, in which 65,000m³ of the waste massif slid towards to the Bandeirantes Highway. During the execution of Stage 1 of the Brasilia Landfill, the massif presented excessive movements associated with excess leachate that overflowed at different points on the slopes and through the existing gas drains. These excessive movements were identified in slopes of the drain pipes and an intense erosion process of the covering soils. Therefore, this work aims to analyze the flow and stability of the sanitary landfill in Brasília, through a finite element discretization of the landfill, considering the stages of waste deposition and a definition of geotechnical parameters that depend on the composition of the landfilled waste. sanitary in Brasilia. Water flow and slope stability analyzes were performed using GeoSlope software: Seep/w, Sigma/w and Slope/w. The analyzes were performed in a coupled way, using flow and stress data for stability analyses. Stability analyzes were performed at each constructive stage based on stress variations obtained by the finite element method using Sigma/w software. Through this, it was observed in Step 1 that when the existence of pore-pressure is not taken into account, the FS obtained is 1.7, that is, it remained above the established by norm. However, when pore pressures are introduced, interpreted based on data and observations and distributed in a similar way to that detected by the electro-resistivity investigation, we find the safety factor that represents the excessive displacement observed, that is, FS = 1.

46
  • JOSÉ GUSTAVO DA SILVA
  • Performance of Indirect Reference Evapotranspiration Estimate Models (ETo) and Georereferenced Comparison with Orbital Data in Pernambuco

  • Líder : LEIDJANE MARIA MACIEL DE OLIVEIRA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • BERNARDO BARBOSA DA SILVA
  • DIEGO CEZAR DOS SANTOS ARAÚJO
  • SYLVANA MELO DOS SANTOS
  • Data: 21-dic-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Evapotranspiration is one of the main components of the hydrological cycle, which stands out due to its importance in supplying water to the atmosphere, providing the simultaneous occurrence of soil evaporation and plant transpiration with a portion transferred to the atmosphere, which influences the water balance. This work aims to evaluate the performance of different indirect models for estimating reference evapotranspiration (ETo) in the sertão of Pernambuco, more specifically in three cities: Floresta, Ibimirim and Serra Talhada. The Penman-Monteith model, considered by FAO as standard, and the Benevides-Lopez, Camargo, Hamon, Hargreaves-Samani, Klarrufa, JensenHaise, Makkink, Priestley-Taylor, Solar radiation and Turc models were used, in addition to evapotranspiration data from the MODIS sensor (Terra/Aqua), estimated by the MOD16 algorithm. The data used to estimate the ETo were obtained from INMET's automatic meteorological stations. Linear regression was applied to analyze the correlation (r) between the ETo estimated by the ten models and the standard model, as well as the standard estimation error, the Willmott agreement index (d) and the performance index (c). The results show that the Jensen-Haise model obtained the best performance in estimating ETo in relation to the standard model, with classification “Very good” for Floresta and Ibimirim, and “Good” for Serra Talhada. The Makkink model also satisfactorily estimated the ETo for the study region. The other models showed unsatisfactory performance, with use restrictions for local climatic conditions. The MODIS sensor data revealed an overestimation of the ET for Floresta and Serra Talhada, and an underestimate of the ET for Ibimirim, on an annual scale. However, the sensor images have the advantage of representing the spatial distribution of evapotranspiration in the sertão of Pernambuco. In all cities, there was a better correlation of the MOD16 product (scale of 8 days) for the dry period, due to the lower cloud cover in the period.

Tesis
1
  • PATRICIA MARTINS TORRES DE MACÊDO
  • Ecological Roofs: Evaluation of Thermal and Hydrological Performance in a Humid Tropical Climate

  • Líder : SYLVANA MELO DOS SANTOS
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ANDERSON LUIZ RIBEIRO DE PAIVA
  • CRISTIANE GUISELINI
  • JAIME JOAQUIM DA SILVA PEREIRA CABRAL
  • RONALDO LOPES RODRIGUES MENDES
  • SYLVANA MELO DOS SANTOS
  • Data: 14-feb-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • In the context of sustainable constructions, the incorporation of environmental technologies is increasingly seen and ecological roofs are inserted as they contribute to the reduction of heat islands and rainwater runoff. This research aims to evaluate the thermal and hydrological performance of different types of ecological roofs in a humid tropical climate. The research began with the construction of the Experimental Unit with five Test Cells (CTs), floor and roof area of 1.00 m2, and a total height of 2.75 m. In three coverings were used: Esmeralda grass, Coroa-de-Frade cactus and expanded clay, configuring the two comparative groups (with and without vegetation cover). Inside each CT, automatic temperature and humidity meters were installed. Data were monitored for 9 months, with daily monitoring frequency. Based on the data collected and calculated (average temperature of the walls - TMP, of the ceilings - TMT, and of the environment - TMA; mean relative air humidity -URM; and external temperature and humidity): the influence of the seasons and the time of day and the hourly temperature rise and fall trajectory, as well as the interference of precipitation on internal and external temperatures. In the warmer months, grass showed greater efficiency in reducing TMP (-0.29 oC), while clay stood out in TMT (-1.27 oC) and TMA (-0.66 oC), whereas cactus was more efficient. in the increase in RH (4.7%). In the cooler months, the use of cactus resulted in the best results for all variables (TMP, TMT, TMA and URM). Regarding the time of day, the best result for TMP was obtained with grass (-0.48 oC) between 4 pm and 12 am, while clay showed better results for TMT (-2.13 oC) and TMA (-2, 21 oC), both in the same time range. The cactus was more efficient in reducing all average temperatures from 0:00 to 7:59h. In all strata, the cactus presented the highest RH averages, especially between 4:00 pm and 11:59 pm, with an increase of 8.45%. Regarding the growth or decrease trajectory, two scenarios were analyzed with the following expectation: (I) 8:00 am to 3:59 pm, lower average temperature increase; and (II) 4:00 pm to 7:59 am, greater average temperature reduction. Grass showed lower average temperature variations while cactus showed better results in RH variations. In the results of precipitation interference in internal and external temperatures, it is evident that the greater the precipitation, the lower the temperature, where for the study period the negative correlation (while one variable increases, the other decreases) was -0.27. For hydrological performance, the experiment that lasted 3 hours comprised: filling the reservoir, sprinkling for 5 minutes, control of water inlet/outlet. For the variables water retention, flow delay, and flow velocity, the experiment with cactus presented the best results, with emphasis on the retention capacity in the dry (A) 96% and saturated (B) 62% scenarios. This research proves the thermal and hydrological efficiencyof ecological roofs in relation to the conventional one, contributing to the diffusion of the technique in humid tropical climates.

2
  • CELSO JOSÉ LEÃO E SILVA
  • Identification of Remote Locations in the Amazon for Attendance by Subsidized Air Transport on the Criteria for Classification as a Lifeline

  • Líder : MAURICIO OLIVEIRA DE ANDRADE
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • MAURICIO OLIVEIRA DE ANDRADE
  • ANISIO BRASILEIRO DE FREITAS DOURADO
  • MARIA DO ROSÁRIO MAURICIO RIBEIRO MACÁRIO
  • ROGERIA DE ARANTES GOMES
  • FRANCISCO GILDEMIR FERREIRA DA SILVA
  • Data: 17-feb-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The perception that air transport promotes regional economic growth has fostered investigations into regional air transport and the necessary incentives for its development. Depending on the types of financing being used and the results of the investments, several countries have established specific subsidy strategies aimed at integrating their regions through air services. On the other hand, some studies explain the attributes considered for the areas served, demonstrating their dependence on air transport as it is the only viable means of transport. The objective of this thesis is to distinguish the characteristic geography of these places, revealing the circumstances that explain the need for subsidies for the operationalization of air transport. Socioeconomic information was collected from 1,365 subsidized routes in 28 countries in the Americas, Asia, Europe and Oceania. The profiles of the communities served were divided into eight clusters. By applying hypothesis tests, it was possible to identify the non-normality of the frequency distributions of all variables, both the group of subsidized lines with an economic nature and those considered as life lines, characterized as an essential link for remote communities. The data were processed with a lifeline utility function modeling and the results revealed that remote areas such as islands, high latitudes or dense impenetrable forests rely almost entirely on air transport as a means of transport. The utility function, simulated for isolated communities in the Amazon rainforest not served by air transport and with no other viable means of access to transport, resulted in values that represent dependence on air transport, legitimizing the continued existence of subsidy for services as a fundamental requirement. for the population's access to humanitarian services.

3
  • PAULO FERNANDO SILVA SOUSA
  • Maintenance Planning for Corroded Pipelines Using Metamodels

  • Líder : SILVANA MARIA BASTOS AFONSO DA SILVA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • SILVANA MARIA BASTOS AFONSO DA SILVA
  • RENATO DE SIQUEIRA MOTTA
  • TIAGO ANCELMO DE CARVALHO PIRES DE OLIVEIRA
  • MARCILIO SOUSA DA ROCHA FREITAS
  • ANDRE TEOFILO BECK
  • Data: 18-feb-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Pipelines are one of the safest ways of transport in the world. Most of the pipeline structure is buried, and can be operated remotely. This infrastructure, however, has been aging, and suffering from the effects of corrosion, which causes defects (thickness losses) along the pipe. These defects reduce the resistance of the pipeline, which has caused several accidents. Accidents involving pipelines are usually quite serious, because of their economic, environmental and social impacts. In this context, inspections and repairs should take place during the useful life of the pipes. Basically, increasing the number of inspections lead to higher security levels. However, these maintenance events are of great financial cost, because they usually require the excavation of the pipeline and the interruption or reduction of what is being transported. On the other hand, an insufficient number of inspections can make the pipeline reach very low levels of safety, with high failure probabilities. Therefore, this maintenance management problem is a problem of great relevance in the literature. In this work, maintenance planning is done in two ways: preventive maintenance based on reliability and optimal planning of maintenance costs. This thesis presents a new approach to these problems: the use of substitute models, built from finite element simulations, for calculating the burst pressure of the pipelines. The results indicate that the less responses for the schedule and also for maintenance costs using surrogate models for the burst pressure calculations are less conservative when compared to traditional approaches in the literature, which use only empirical methodologies to obtain the burst pressure of the corroded pipelines.

4
  • JORDLLY REYDSON DE BARROS SILVA
  • Finite element analysis of reinforced concrete shear walls

  • Líder : BERNARDO HOROWITZ
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • LUÍS FILIPE ALMEIDA BERNARDO
  • BERNARDO HOROWITZ
  • FERNANDO ARTUR NOGUEIRA SILVA
  • RENATO DE SIQUEIRA MOTTA
  • TIAGO ANCELMO DE CARVALHO PIRES DE OLIVEIRA
  • Data: 21-feb-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • This work deals with a fundamental issue for tall buildings safety: the Structural analysis of reinforced concrete shear walls that resist lateral loads. For two shear walls (simple planar and U-shaped), the results determined according to the Brazilian design code approximate procedure (NBR-6118:2014) and the grid method (CAD/TQS), presented in the literature, are compared with material and geometrically nonlinear finite shell element analysis (NL-FEA), performed by the software VecTor 4, based on the Disturbed Stress Field Model (DSFM). Furthermore, it is present the development of a computer program dedicated to reinforced concrete shells nonlinear analysis, which is based on the DSFM and a Total Lagrangian Formulation. The program was validated through experimental results, and it was applied in the analysis of the two later shear walls. Thereby, it was possible to observe the significant influence that the stress redistribution and the Saint-Venant’s principle have on the structure response, and the consequent smoothing of the shear walls second order localized effects, in relation to what is discussed in the literature.

5
  • NATANNA TAYNÁ DE MELO SILVA
  • Strategies for Bioremediation of Nitro and Chloroaromatic Compounds from a Contaminated Site

  • Líder : SAVIA GAVAZZA DOS SANTOS
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • JAMES K HENDERSON
  • ADRIANA URURAHY SORIANO
  • ANTONIO FERNANDO DE SOUZA QUEIROZ
  • MARIO TAKAYUKI KATO
  • SAVIA GAVAZZA DOS SANTOS
  • VANIA MARIA MACIEL MELO
  • Data: 10-mar-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Chlorinated anilines and chlorinated nitrobenzenes are intermediates in the production of dyes, pharmaceuticals, perfumes, pesticides, herbicides, cosmetics and explosives. There are reports of environmental contamination by these compounds at an old herbicide manufacturing site in the state of Bahia. The remediation of these pollutants is imperative for environmental protection, as they are toxic and mutagenic. This work presents strategies for bioremediation of nitro and chloroaromatics in this contaminated site. First, the ability of native microorganisms to aerobically degrade the main contaminants present in groundwater and identify them was verified. There are no reports in the literature of microorganisms capable of degrading 3-chloronitrobenzene, however, in this study, diaphorobacter was found with greater abundance degrading this contaminant. Genus such as diaphorobacter, pseudomonas and cupriavidus are involved in the dichloronireobenzenes degradation. Diaphorobacter, sediminibacterium, pseudomonas and cupriavidus in the chloroanilines degradation. Cupriavidus and massila in the monochlorobenzene degradation. Diaphorobacter, sediminibacterium and cupriavidus degrade dichlorobenzene. Diaphorobacter, cupriavidus, sediminibacterium and alicycliphilus are responsible for the dichloroanilines degradation. The ability of native and laboratory-grown microorganisms to degrade target contaminants when present in soil was also verified through the biopile test. On a pilot scale, the biosparging method was applied to an area of the site, the growth and change in the microbial community were evaluated.

6
  • JONAS DA SILVA BEZERRA
  • Analysis of the Erosiive Process of a Slope in the Neighborhood of Bom Jesus – Ilha de Itamaracá/PE

  • Líder : SILVIO ROMERO DE MELO FERREIRA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • IGOR FERNANDES GOMES
  • JOAQUIM TEODORO ROMAO DE OLIVEIRA
  • JOSE RAMON BARROS CANTALICE
  • KATIA VANESSA BICALHO
  • STELA FUCALE SUKAR
  • Data: 13-may-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Natural environments are constantly being transformed due to expansion and urbanization processes. The triggering of erosive processes depends on the interaction of several influential factors in the process, such as rainfall erosivity, soil erodibility, vegetation cover, relief and soil management. The monitoring, analysis and understanding of the mechanisms involved in erosion provide information on the environment, with regard to the possibility of interventions aimed at minimizing or mitigating erosion processes. This research aims to analyze the erosion process of a slope in the neighborhood of Bom Jesus, municipality of Itamaracá-PE. A laboratory geotechnical investigation campaign was carried out for the physical, chemical, mineralogical and mechanical characterization of the material. Assays were carried out to evaluate the dispersive and erodibility characteristics of the soil, including: Crumb test, Pinhole test and Modified Inderbitzen. Subsequently, the area was mapped, identifying each crack, classified according to its shape and the loss quantified by the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE). The analysis of the results allows us to observe from the physical characterization that the slope presents areas with high susceptibility to erosion in the sandy fraction. However, the mechanical behavior of the surface layer guarantees a certain control in the evolution of erosive processes. The slope does not show expansive or collapsible behavior, confirmed in chemical, mineralogical and compressibility tests. The samples show a small dispersion at point P-05. Regarding erodibility, modified Inderbitzen and USLE, they present values of 0.088 t/m², 0.31 t/m² and 0.92 t/m², respectively, demonstrating that the loss potential is associated with the evolutionary stage of the erosion. The method used is suitable for this type of study, as it was easy to apply and understand, and could be used on other slopes with the same erosion characteristics.

7
  • ARIANE SILVA CARDOSO
  • Quali-quantitative Modeling of Water in the East Axis of the São Francisco River Integration Project: The Case of Upper Paraíba River Course

  • Líder : MARIA DO CARMO MARTINS SOBRAL
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • FABRICIO MOTTERAN
  • GILBERTO QUEIROZ DE LIMA FILHO
  • MARISTELA CASE COSTA CUNHA
  • WANDERLI ROGERIO MOREIRA LEITE
  • ÉRIKA ALVES TAVARES MARQUES
  • Data: 17-may-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The water resources presented in a qualitative and quantitative way in Brazil, especially in the northeastern semi-arid region, a region of irregular water availability. To minimize the problems of public hydraulic problems and guarantee the supply in the semiarid region, the São Francisco River Integration Project (PISF) has been developed. With the objective of serving 12 million people in Pernambuco, Ceará, Rio Grande do Norte and Paraíba, transferring water from the São Francisco river to other basins in these states. The sustainable management of these waters will be essential to guarantee their uses. To this end, this study aimed to evaluate the quality of water and its demands, in order to assist in the management of water resources in the Upper Paraíba river Course (PB), East Axis of the PISF. The assessment of water quality was carried out through the analysis of the monitoring of the 12 physical-chemical and biological parameters, between 2009 and 2019, and multiple uses, through the analysis of the grants issued for the Poções and Epitácio Pessoa reservoirs, in 2019. Simulations quali-quantitative measurements of water were carried out considering the presence and absence of water from the PISF, based on the application of the AcquaNet model. The main water demands identified in the Poções reservoir were public supply (1), and in the Epitácio Pessoa reservoir, public supply (1) and irrigation (583). The phosphorus, total dissolved solids and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) parameters exceeded the limits recommended by Conama Resolution 357/05, Class 2, in most of the monitoring. The WQI was more expressive in the good (55%) and regular (30%) classifications, and the ETI, between eutrophic (31%) and mesotrophic (22%). Cyanobacteria blooms, with the occurrence of potentially toxic species, and exotic dinoflagellates were observed after the arrival of the PISF waters. The water allocation scenarios showed deficits in public supply and irrigation, in the simulations with and without PISF water. However, in scenarios with PISF water, or when it delivered a higher flow, these deficits were reduced. In the water quality scenarios, with PISF waters, the concentrations of dissolved oxygen, BOD, phosphorus and nitrogen tended to reduce, stabilize or maintain for a longer period, with results within the limits recommended by the legislation, but not always was enough to improve water quality. The results of this research provide information that support decision-making for sustainable water management and guarantee of public supply, contributing to an improvement in the quality of life of the beneficiary population.

8
  • EURICO DE LIRA ARAUJO JUNIOR
  • Impact of Uncertainty in the Prediction of Settlements on the Redistribution of Efforts and the Safety of Deep Foundations

  • Líder : SILVIO ROMERO DE MELO FERREIRA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • MAURÍCIO MARTINES SALES
  • PAULO CÉSAR DE ALMEIDA MAIA
  • FERNANDO ARTUR NOGUEIRA SILVA
  • JOAQUIM TEODORO ROMAO DE OLIVEIRA
  • LEONARDO JOSE DO NASCIMENTO GUIMARAES
  • Data: 20-jun-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Mechanisms such as Soil Structure Interaction (SSI) and Construction Sequence (CS) are increasingly used to the detriment of models that consider columns as fixed node supports. For a correct analysis of SSI e CS it is fundamental a satisfactory prediction of settlements. In the case of mat foundations, this prediction becomes even more complex due the interaction of the pile and the soil, wich can generate group effect. This work aims to: analyse effects of support settlements predictions uncertainties on the migration of efforts in multi-story buildings and their impacts on the safety of mat foundations; analyze the behavior of measured settlements in multi-story buildings and to propose a statistical method that considers settlements as random variables in the construction of effort probability curves. The methods of Meyerhof (1959), Aoki and Lopes (1975), Poulos and Davis (1980) and NBR 6122 (2019) were used to estimate the settlements of 2 reinforced concrete buildings (A and B) whose foundations are constituted by continuous flight auger piles. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Shapiro-Wilk tests were applied to the measured settlement samples in order to ascertain whether these values belonged to normal distributions. The foundation safety analysis considered the uncertainties in the settlement prediction and was evaluated in terms of Reliability Index, Failure Probability and Safety Factor. Settlement predictions for the different methods ranged from 1.40 mm to 20.38 mm in one column and from 1.17 mm to 15.57 mm in another. Regarding the measured settlements, it was found that there is not always an increase in the stiffness of the soil-structure set in less rigid conditions columns to the detriment of columns more rigid conditions. The use of ISE based on different settlement estimation methods revealed a great variability both in axial loads (38% reduction and 48% increase in the same column) and in the moments close to the columns (160 times increase in the same column) in relation to the model that considers the supports as fixed. The Shapiro-Wilk test indicated that in more than 90% of the evaluated settlement samples there are indications that the populations come from a normal distribution. The statistical method applied to the measured settlements of Buildings A and B were confirmed through a verification test, proving the validity of the proposed methodology for obtaining random settlements. The consideration of settlement randomness impacts the Reliability Index, Failure probability and Foundation Safety Factor.

9
  • ISABEL CRISTINA DE OLIVEIRA MAGALHÃES AMORIM
  • Indicators Supporting Transport Policies Oriented to Achieve Sustainable Development Goals

  • Líder : ENILSON MEDEIROS DOS SANTOS
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • MARCELINO AURÉLIO VIEIRA DA SILVA
  • ANISIO BRASILEIRO DE FREITAS DOURADO
  • LEONARDO HERSZON MEIRA
  • MAURICIO OLIVEIRA DE ANDRADE
  • ROMULO DANTE ORRICO FILHO
  • Data: 27-jun-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • This thesis proposes an Indicators Tool to support actions and monitoring of transport policies, in view of the scope of the UN 2030 Agenda. The literature review resulted in a Bibliometric Analysis (Network and Cluster Analysis) and a Narrative Analysis. The results of the analyses showed that interventions in the transport sector can contribute to the achievement of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals. Furthermore, the SDGs were divided into four Thematic Groups. The Narrative Analysis allowed the proposition of 30 Complex Measures to support transport policies, divided into six Thematic Groups. Based on the reading of the 2030 Agenda itself, 95 Targets of the 2030 Agenda were determined as dependent on transport policy interventions, divided into four levels of linkage. Both the Complex Measures and the 95 Targets were validated through analysis by 19 academic experts in transport and/or sustainability. Focusing on the Brazilian context, the experts were also invited to analyse a matrix of Groups of Measures vs. Groups of SDGs, using a Likert scale. In addition, they propose rankings for the SDGs based on the Thematic Groups, distributing 1,000 points among SDGs vectors. This analysis enabled the construction of a metric for the proposal of the Indicator Tool. Thus, it was possible to propose 33 Transport Targets associated with 40 Transport Indicators, divided between the Thematic Groups of SDGs and in two levels (essential and additional). The proposed Tool has a systemic and strategic character, being wide, adaptable and flexible, and can be applied at urban and regional levels. Due to its characteristics, it is possible to monitor even just one Indicator, without methodological prejudice. In addition to monitoring the evolution of transport policies towards greater sustainability, the proposed Tool is important for policydevelopment and priority action determination. With the purpose of monitoring, the tool must be applied periodically, aiming at better results in each measurement period. Results obtained in different contexts can be compared if they have measured the same Transport Indicator(s). Among several possibilities for future work, the elaboration of a tool of synthetic indicators, based on the proposed systemic tool, stands out.

10
  • WENDSON DE OLIVEIRA SOUZA
  • InSAR for Soil Subsidence Assessment due to Human Actions on Groundwater Resources and on the Soil in the Recife, Brazil Plain

  • Líder : JAIME JOAQUIM DA SILVA PEREIRA CABRAL
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • SYLVANA MELO DOS SANTOS
  • ALFREDO RIBEIRO NETO
  • ADMILSON DA PENHA PACHECO
  • JOAQUIM JOÃO MOREIRA DE SOUSA
  • ALEXANDRE DUARTE GUSMAO
  • Data: 13-jul-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The scarcity of drinking water is a recurring problem in several cities around the world, such as Recife, located in the Northeast of Brazil. In the capital of Pernambuco, underground springs are used as an alternative source to meet the growing demand. However, for decades most of the collections operate in an excessive way. This has provided an intense reduction in the levels of confined aquifers with risk of land subsidence. The geological phenomenon causes surface lowering and causes greater concern in urban areas. The deformation of the land can generate significant impacts on infrastructure and the environment, cause economic and social losses, and compromise the quality of life of the inhabitants. The objective of the research is to evaluate the land subsidence of the coastal plain of Recife caused by the exploitation of groundwater resources by means of Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR). The technology allows accurate detection in surface-structural displacement with a high density of observation points and high temporal resolution. The procedure employs Persistent Scatterer Interferometric (PSI) in the analysis of SAR data, consisting of: 100 COSMO-SkyMed images (ascending orbit, HH polarization, X band) for the period from 2011 to 2019, 135 Sentinel-1 images (descending orbit, VV polarization, C band) for the period 2016 to 2021 and 41 PAZ images (19 ascending and 22 descending, HH polarization, X band) for the period 2019 to 2021. The results reveal several places of drawdown in Recife. There is a correlation between land subsidence and groundwater reduction in the South zone due to soil desaturation in the neighborhood of Boa Viagem, with a velocity of a few millimeters (mm) per year at 3.8 mm/year. Secondly, there is a correlation between land subsidence and urbanization in the West and North regions, resulting from soil compaction from recent constructions. In the West zone, there are large areas of lowering along the Prado, Afogados, Torrões, Cordeiro, Bongi, San Martin, Curado, Várzea and Caxangá neighborhoods, with a value of around 15 mm/year. Similar cases, but with a smaller area, occur between the neighborhoods of Ibura and Ipsep with a rate of up to 25 mm/year – responsible for the largest sinking in the city. In the North region, there are also smaller areas of lowering between the neighborhoods of Arruda and Campo Grande with a velocity of around 20 mm/year. In addition to the vertical movement, there is a horizontal displacement of the Recife plain for the period from 2019 to 2021. The movement occurs in the West region with a velocity of -10 mm/year towards the West and in the North-South zone with a rate of 7 mm/year towards the East, and may be related to the land subsidence. The study highlights that Recife is a very vulnerable city to land subsidence. The analysis of the effects shows impacts on geodetics structures and interference in urban drainage. However, the phenomenon has the potential to make its action more worrying in the coming years. The use of InSAR is an assertive strategy to face the challenges of Recife with benefits to groundwater sustainability and the well-being of the population.

11
  • LIGIA RABAY MANGUEIRA ARAÚJO
  • Analysis of Public Transport Equity through the Relationship of Supply and Demand

  • Líder : LEONARDO HERSZON MEIRA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ENILSON MEDEIROS DOS SANTOS
  • LÍLIAN DOS SANTOS FONTES PEREIRA BRACARENSE
  • MARIA LEONOR ALVES MAIA
  • MAURICIO OLIVEIRA DE ANDRADE
  • RODRIGO AFFONSO DE ALBUQUERQUE NOBREGA
  • Data: 15-jul-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Every person has an equal right of access to opportunities. For this, municipalities need to offer services that guarantee this right. In this context, public transport plays an important role socially as it is an instrument to meet everyone's displacement needs. However, transport planning, especially the urban public transport system, has not included the assessment of this social issue. In this sense, the advancement of equity in the planning of public transport systems is necessary for the sustainable development of cities, especially in emerging countries. The purpose of this doctoral thesis is to assess the equity of public transport through the relationship between supply and demand, using measures of access to the system and frequency of service. The aim is to spatially diagnose the service levels in this way and estimate the repressed demand due to the lack of access to the system. Public transport system GTFS (General Transit Feed Specification) data and electronic ticket data were combined with socioeconomic data for spatial analysis of supply and proposition of system improvements. The population was assessed in general, by stratifying income into quartiles and by gender (female and male). The analysis was carried out in this way to assess the differences in the provision of public transport for social strata or genders and the impact this causes. To validate the proposed methodology, the procedure was applied to the region served by the public transport system in the municipality of Jaraguá do Sul - SC. That said, the results and analysis of the procedure point to a potential for including the proposed methodology in traditional planning models to encompass the social character in the search for an equitable distribution of access to the entire population. In addition, another important contribution of the proposal is to estimate the repressed demand through the spatial analysis of supply and manifest demand. It can then indicate the areas that need intervention with priority to attract trips that are not carried out due to the deficiencies of the public transport system.

12
  • ARTUR CASTIEL REIS DE SOUZA
  • ConservativeMultiscaleStrategies for MultiphaseFlowonHighlyHeterogeneousPetroleumReservoirs for Unstructured Grids 

  • Líder : PAULO ROBERTO MACIEL LYRA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • RAMIRO BRITO WILLMERSDORF
  • LEONARDO JOSE DO NASCIMENTO GUIMARAES
  • JOSÉ ROBERTO PEREIRA RODRIGUES
  • MAICON RIBEIRO CORREA
  • RAFAEL JESUS DE MORAES
  • Data: 18-jul-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Simulation plays a crucial role on the management of subsurface oil reservoirs. Its ability to predictthe complex behaviour of fluid flow in highly heterogeneous porous media allows us to optimize productions levels in accordance with the economic needs. Optimization and history matching techniques make an extensive use of this tool to better understand, and to forecast the different scenarios and their impact on the production curves. However, the recent advancements in characterization have allowed the petro-physical data to be integrated in scale with orders of magnitude higher than the scale of standard petroleum reservoir simulators. To deal with this discrepancy, the  Multiscale Finite Volume (MsFV) family of approximate and conservative methods have been develop. These schemes project the fine-scale system of equation onto a coarse-space, where it is solved and projected back. This way, the high-resolution data is integrated to the simulator model allowing fast and robust solutions at the price of a small loss of accuracy.  Nonetheless, the MsFV family is unfit to handle simulations  on non k-orthogonal grids. This work aims to study techniques to generalize methods in the Finite Volume and Multiscale Finite Volume families in order to expand their applications to general unstructured grids. 

     

13
  • LUIS GUSTAVO DE MOURA REIS
  • Machine Learning Modeling for Seasonal Low-Flow Predictions Using Climate and Satellite Derived Drought Indexes

  • Líder : SUZANA MARIA GICO LIMA MONTENEGRO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ANDRÉ RICARDO BACKES
  • BENEDITO CLÁUDIO DA SILVA
  • ADRIANO ROLIM DA PAZ
  • ALFREDO RIBEIRO NETO
  • DORIS REGINA AIRES VELEDA
  • Data: 27-jul-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Long-term low-flow predictions are of great importance in a scenario marked by changes in precipitation patterns and increasing drought frequency, severity, and duration. In the presence of significative hydrological trends, water permit limitations based on permanent low flow quantiles may not work out, leading to incompatible restrictions during the wet or dry season. On one side is the increasing availability of climatic data on a global scale and satellite-derived data, with high spatial and temporal resolution. On another, data-driven models derived from machine learning algorithms have shown powerful skill in dealing with loads of data and delivering accurate results in prediction tasks. Nevertheless, its application in hydrology sciences is still underused. This work employed machine learning algorithms associated with satellite-derived and reanalysis data to forecast low streamflows in the dry season with 6- and 9-months lead time. Global drought indexes: Temperature Condition Index - TCI and Vegetation Condition Index -VCI provided from NOAA/AVHRR-VIIRS, and Palmer Severity Drouth Index – PDSI were employed as predictors. Climate hazards infrared precipitation with stations – CHIRPS was considered as input. We also investigate the skill PDSI as a proxy to observed streamflows. The skill of machine learning algorithms: SVM (support vector machine), RF (random forest), and XGBoost (Extreme Gradient Boosting) were also investigated.The experiment was carried out in five watersheds located in Brazilian Atlantic Forest and Cerrado Biome(Brazilian Savana). Algorithms’ performance, generalization ability, and skill of predictors were tested during the most severe drought period. Influences of spatial variability were investigated by the extraction of covariation modes and EOFs. Our experiments showed that an inter-annual low-frequency signal controls the predictability of low streamflows. The lower the annual rainfall, the higher interannual variability. Machine Learning models derived from the SVM-Linear algorithm drastically outperformed RF and XGBoost and showed great skill in predicting low flows with a six-month lead time. SVM showed great generalization skills when the models were submitted to a proxy basin test. Observed streamflows play an essential role in the prediction, when associated with smoothing and differentiation technics can drastically improve algorithm’s learning about hydrologic water balance.

14
  • LUÍS HENRIQUE GONÇALVES COSTA
  • Assessment of Airport Performance: A Multi-Criteria and Multi-User Approach

     

     


  • Líder : ENILSON MEDEIROS DOS SANTOS
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • GIOVANNA MICELI RONZANI BORILLE
  • MARIO ORESTES AGUIRRE GONZALEZ
  • LEONARDO HERSZON MEIRA
  • MAURICIO OLIVEIRA DE ANDRADE
  • VIVIANE ADRIANO FALCAO
  • Data: 01-ago-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The performance assessment of airport terminals is an essential tool within the management and decision-making process by governments and airport operators. The literature presents airport performance evaluation models, in most cases focused on operational efficiency, and when it comes to service quality, are focused on a specific terminal model, working with a type of user, whether passengers or airlines. Analyzing the quality of service offered to multi-users with different interests within the dynamics of airport activities through a method presents itself as a complex task. The general objective of this thesis is to present a model for evaluating the quality of airport service, through a multicriteria approach, using the multiuser view, configurable to the airport infrastructure operation model. The literature review addresses the evolution of airport terminal performance assessment models, identifying users, methods used and indicators, in addition to seeking to understand the functioning of the air transport system and substantiating the elaboration of a conceptual model for assessing the quality of airport service. The research method encompasses the identification and qualitative analysis of indicators related to the quality of the airport service, application of the Delphi web technique aiming at building a consensus of the answers, elaboration of proposals for conceptual models from the perspectives of multiusers, which can be applied to various terminal configurations, application of the MACBETH multi-criteria approach to verify the consistency of the results, weighting and analysis of the contribution and feasibility of the criteria-indicators. The validation of the proposal was carried out with application in the airports of Recife-PE, Natal- RN and Mossoró-RN, for presenting configuration for large, medium and small airports. The results present an airport evaluation model, configurable to the size of operation, which can be customized for one or more users, presenting a matrix with relative weights, contribution and feasibility of the criteria-indicators, and a global evaluation index of the airport.

15
  • JOSÉ RÁURIUM BACALHAU
  • Volumetric Characterization of Reservoirs using Remote Sensing

  • Líder : ALFREDO RIBEIRO NETO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • BRUNO COLLISCHONN
  • DANIEL MEDEIROS MOREIRA
  • ANA LUCIA BEZERRA CANDEIAS
  • JOSE ALMIR CIRILO
  • LEIDJANE MARIA MACIEL DE OLIVEIRA
  • Data: 05-ago-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The water resources are increasingly used in extreme conditions. The demographic increase with increased demand for consumption, food production, navigation and energy generation, mainly, has called for innovative and efficient responses in the management and monitoring of water resources. The Brazilian semiarid region is highly dependent on reservoirs, and accurate bathymetric data are essential to study the dynamics and storage variability of these water bodies. In recent decades, studies have used remote sensing products to calculate these data; however, in situ water level and field survey are often necessary to adjust the elevation-area-volume (EAV). This study aimed to develop the application of bathymetric calculation using the observed water level and ICESat-2 satellite terrain profile data of large and medium-sized reservoirs. The combination of satellite images with altimetric data allows for the extraction of water contours, whose points contain elevation information. A digital terrain model (DTM) was generated, and an elevation-area-volume (EAV) curve was calculated for two reservoirs in Northeast Brazil, Sobradinho and Poço da Cruz, which have capacities of 34.116 and 0.4837 km3, respectively. The water level from ICESat-2 was compared to that of the observed data from the Sobradinho, and DTM and EAV curves were analyzed for the two reservoirs. Using the water level from Sobradinho reservoir stations, this method covered 99% of the useful volume. The ICESat-2 data covered 50% of the storage capacity in the Sobradinho and 89% in Poço da Cruz. The in-situ and ICESat-2 data-based EAV curves showed volumes with Pearson’s correlations equal to 0.99 for both reservoirs, and normalized root mean square errors of 2.62% and 4.13% for Sobradinho and Poço da Cruz, respectively. The results revealed that this strategy can be economic and viable, as it uses available free data with the potential to generate high-resolution bathymetry in reservoirs with different geometric characteristics.

16
  • TUANE BATISTA DO EGITO
  • Optimization of the Operation of Pumping Systems and Reservoirs of Water Distribution Systems with Emphasis in Energy Efficiency

  • Líder : JOSE ROBERTO GONCALVES DE AZEVEDO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • JOSE ALMIR CIRILO
  • ANDERSON LUIZ RIBEIRO DE PAIVA
  • LEIDJANE MARIA MACIEL DE OLIVEIRA
  • ELIZABETH AMARAL PASTICH GONCALVES
  • HEBER PIMENTEL GOMES
  • Data: 18-ago-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Electricity costs for pumping in water distribution systems represent the majority of operating expenses for the sector. Bringing improvements to increase the efficiency of these systems and consequently reducing these costs has been one of the great goals of several researchers and technicians in the water supply area. The large number of elements, which can change state at any time, generates a range of possibilities that makes it difficult to determine which operational scheme is more efficient. Defining the best operating rules for pumping systems is often a complex activity, for this reason all elements that make up the system must be taken into account when optimizing. In this context, the present work presents an optimization model for water distribution systems that combines the efficient use of reservoirs with the best operational rule for activating pumping systems. Using a Genetic Algorithm together with the EPANET hydraulic simulator and the new WNTR toolkit, the developed model aims to minimize the operational costs with electric energy in the supply systems. Working with two test networks known in the academic world, the results obtained indicated that, with a better use of the water storage infrastructure, it is possible to reduce the electric energy costs of the system as a whole.

17
  • ERISON ROSA DE OLIVEIRA BARROS
  • Modeling Trends in Land Use and Land Cover as a Subsidy for the Territorial Control of Highway Domains: A Study Applied in Pernambuco for BR-408, BR-104 and BR 101

  • Líder : MAURICIO OLIVEIRA DE ANDRADE
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • VIVIANE ADRIANO FALCAO
  • JOAO RODRIGUES TAVARES JUNIOR
  • RODRIGO MIKOSZ GONCALVES
  • SIMONE SAYURI SATO
  • SILAS NOGUEIRA DE MELO
  • Data: 26-ago-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • This thesis proposes a model to study irregular occupations on the domain strips of highways, which uses state succession data on land use and land cover from MapBiomas, IBGE statistical grids, as well as variables, indicators and socioeconomic, infrastructure and environmental indices of the areas within and bordering the highways. The approach presented by the research uses techniques described in scientific literature with application in various areas of science, but that have not yet been used to study the phenomenon of irregular occupations of the domain strips of highways. This is a complex phenomenon that occurs in areas with heterogeneous specificities (immense diversity of social, economic and land cover situations) due to their immense extension and the lack of an efficient management strategy. And that may require many variables to calibrate a simulation model. The research used space-time clippings that cover the highways BR-408, BR-104, and BR-101 in sections that cut through the state of Pernambuco, in the period of the years 2000, 2010, and 2018. Dynamic simulation models were then developed, based on the "Land Change Modeler (LCM)" modeling via cellular automata. Cellular automata have a very simple structure and are able to model several complex phenomena by means of simple rules. For the development of the model, a QGIS plugin called MOLUSCE (Modules for Land Use Change Evaluation) was adopted, which shows the potential transition map and simulation results (projected), produced based on a cellular automata model in the Monte Carlos approach. The results of the proposed model on the highways proved to be satisfactory when compared with the cadastral survey of irregular occupations conducted in 2018 by the PROFAIXA Program carried out by the National Department of Transportation Infrastructure - DNIT.  The models showed that in the period from 2000 to 2010 there was no reduction in irregular occupations, demonstrating the inoperability of the institutions that make the territorial management of the domain strip of highways in all sections studied and that the occupations are more intense within the urban perimeter, as well as it was found that some classes of land cover among certain conditions are susceptible to irregular occupation. The modeling proposed for the irregular occupations on the domain strip of the highways makes it possible to describe in a methodological way how data made available by various institutions can help to create models capable of anticipating irregular occupations (constructions) in these spaces. The contribution of the thesis lies in the creation of models to support the proposition of public policies and actions to supervise more effectively the areas susceptible to irregular occupations.

18
  • GABRIELA VALONES RODRIGUES DE ARAÚJO GOMES
  • Use and Geospatialization of the Environmental Health Indicator: The Case of the Municipality of Pau dos Ferros in Rio Grande do Norte

  • Líder : MARIO TAKAYUKI KATO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • MARIA DO CARMO MARTINS SOBRAL
  • VANICE SANTIAGO FRAGOSO SELVA
  • JOSE ROBERTO SANTO DE CARVALHO
  • JULIANA CARDOSO DE MORAIS
  • PAULO BELLI FILHO
  • Data: 29-ago-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • This study shows, for the first time, the application of the Environmental Health Indicator, from the geospatialization of twenty neighborhoods, in an urban area in the semi-arid region of Brazil and its relationship with notifications of cases and deaths by COVID-19. Information on sanitary conditions was obtained through official bodies and extensive opinion polls in 2019 and 2020. COVID-19 data were extracted from epidemiological bulletins issued by the State Health Department (RN), in the period from May 2020 to April 2021. Descriptive and multivariate statistics were used to analyze the results, and a Geographic Information System to spatialize the findings. Eighteen neighborhoods showed low health and two were classified as unhealthy. The intermittence in the water supply, the water collapse of a dam, the deficiency of the sewage collection and treatment network and the irregular presence of an open-air dump for solid waste disposal, are the reason why none of the evaluated neighborhoods have been considered salubrious or with medium salubrity. Underreporting, the early adoption of restrictive measures and the meteorological and socioeconomic aspects of Pau dos Ferros may explain the lower local transmission of COVID-19. Its case fatality rate in all neighborhoods was below the national average (2.7%). The results showed that environmental healthiness is a preponderant factor in controlling the pandemic, but that it is not the only causal element to be investigated in the occurrence of cases and deaths by COVID-19.

19
  • ADRIANO DAYVSON MARQUES FERREIRA
  • Multiresolution Analysis and Deep Learning for Corroded Pipeline Failure Assessment

  • Líder : SILVANA MARIA BASTOS AFONSO DA SILVA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • BRENO PINHEIRO JACOB
  • BERNARDO HOROWITZ
  • JOSE ANGELO PEIXOTO DA COSTA
  • RENATA EMMANUELE ASSUNCAO SANTOS
  • RENATO DE SIQUEIRA MOTTA
  • Data: 30-ago-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The structural integrity of corroded pipelines is considered a vital task in the oil and gas industry. This research aims to develop an efficient system to accurately predict the burst pressure of corroded pipelines with complex corrosion profiles through hybrid models using multiresolution analysis, numerical analysis, and metamodels. These work addresses the parametrization of real corrosion shapes and its use as input to a neural network systemthat can accurately predict the burst pressure quickly. The corrosion map is obtained from ultrasonic inspections and the data is used both in the form of a river bottom profile and in the form of a three-dimensional mapping. The finite element method (FEM) is used to evaluate the burst pressure. Scripts to automatically generate axisymmetric and three-dimensional finite element (FE) models are used and failure pressures are obtained with non-linear analysis. The FE models and analysis procedure are validated against experimental tests and are compared with semi-empirical assessment methods. A discrete wavelet transform is performed for the parametrization of the remaining thicknesses and as a filter bank to reduce the amount of data do describes the defect. The coefficients obtained from the wavelet transform and the material properties of the pipelines are used as inputs to feed a deep neural network. Axisymetric and three-dimensional synthetic models that have similar statistics to real corrosion profiles are created and submitted to non-linear FEM analysis. The respective failure pressures obtained from the synthetic defects are used to train a neural network to predict the burst pressure of the pipelines with river bottom profile and to train a neural network to predict the burst pressure of pipelines with real corrosion defects. The results obtained with the deep neural networks are very precise for all the cases presented in this work, both in the use of axisymmetric models and in the use of three-dimensional models.

20
  • TAHYARA BARBALHO FONTOURA
  • Geological-Geotechnical Characterization and Susceptibility ad Stability Analysis of the “Alto de Santa Tereza” Slope in Recife-PE

  • Líder : ROBERTO QUENTAL COUTINHO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • IGOR FERNANDES GOMES
  • ROBSON RIBEIRO LIMA
  • SAUL BARBOSA GUEDES
  • RICARDO NASCIMENTO FLORES SEVERO
  • RODOLFO MOREDA MENDES
  • Data: 31-ago-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • In large Brazilian metropolises, there are high levels of socioeconomic segregation and the low-income population ends up being driven to places further away from the city, forming peripheries. The city of Recife is an example of this. The absence of specific urban planning has subjected a large part of the population to experience landslide problems, and flooding of riverside communities, among other situations. Due to the increase in the incidence of mass movements on slopes during the rainy season, it is important to predict the areas that may present processes of soil instability. Therefore, this work has as its main objective the geological-geotechnical characterization and the analysis of susceptibility and stability of the Alto de Santa Tereza hillside, located in the neighborhood of Passarinho, in Recife. The geotechnical characterization was carried out through a test campaign carried out at the Soil and Instrumentation Laboratory of UFPE, among them, physical characterization tests (granulometry, sedimentation, LL, LP, real grain density), tests to obtain the resistance parameters (Direct Shear and Triaxial Compression), tests to obtain the characteristic curve (filter paper, tension table and vacuum desiccator) and tests to obtain the permeability coefficient (Triflex and Guelph). Chemical (FRX), mineralogical (XRD), and microstructural (SEM) tests were also carried out for more detailed characterization and investigation of the weathering process of the slope soils. Instrumentation was performed by installing a rain gauge and inclinometers along the sounding profile to monitor the existence of any signs of landslides. Landslide susceptibility maps were developed based on the results of the TRIGRS, SHALSTAB, and SINMAP mathematical models. The analyzes were divided into 2 Scenarios for each model varying the parameters according to the results of the direct shear and triaxial test and at 4 different depths. In the TRIGRS model, in addition to the saturated infiltration mode, analyzes were also performed in the unsaturated infiltration mode. The sensitivity of the model results was analyzed using the LRclass method and compared with each other. Stability and flow analyzes used SLOPE/W and SEEP/W software. The analyzes were divided into 3 Scenarios: saturated flow, unsaturated flow with estimated ϕb, and unsaturated flow with ϕb experimentally determined. For this, 3 methods were used: Bishop, Morgenstern and Price and Spencer. The geological formation of the soil of the slope is characterized by the Barreiras Formation, presenting mostly sand with prismatic and spherical quartz grains, sub-angular to angular. The inclinometers show that there is no sign of slope movement. The results of the geotechnical parameters are in agreement with others obtained in soils of the Barreiras Formation in the areas of the Metropolitan Region of Recife. The susceptibility analysis showed that the model with the best accuracy in predicting landslides is SINMAP, followed by TRIGRS. SHALSTAB presented %LRclass below 70%. The stability analyzes showed that the safety factors for the 3 methods adopted are similar. The analysis using estimated ϕb obtained results similar to those with determined ϕb.

21
  • SOFIA PIMENTEL ARAÚJO
  • Biodegradation of Nitro and Chlorinated Aromatic Compounds for Bioremediation of a Contaminated Industrial Site


     

  • Líder : SAVIA GAVAZZA DOS SANTOS
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • MARIA DE LOURDES FLORENCIO DOS SANTOS
  • JULIANA CALABRIA DE ARAÚJO
  • JIM C SPAIN
  • JIM A FIELD
  • ERIN MACK
  • MARCIA HELENA RISSATO ZAMARIOLLI DAMIANOVIC
  • Data: 12-sep-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • When attempting to remediate contaminated sites it is important to have a good understanding of the sites’ physical, chemical, and hydrogeological properties, so that flow of contaminants can be predicted and evaluated. The contribution of biological processes is also of significance and needs to be better understood to improve the remediation strategy and process. Aerobic biotransformation of contaminants is often observed in the shallow layers, while anaerobic biotransformation processes are established in the deeper, more anoxic layers, including groundwater. Aromatic compounds, such as pesticides, dyes, resins, and solvents, are a major group of contaminants originating from a variety of industries. Aiming to combine academic research with remediation projects carried out by the industry partner, this Ph.D. thesis intended to contribute to bioremediation projects considering complex pollutants, such as halogenated aromatic compounds. To evaluate the biodegradability of dichloronitrobenzene (DCNB), dichloroaniline (DCA), monochloroaniline (MCA) and aniline by native microbes from a contaminated site, we first enriched cultures inoculated with soil and groundwater from a contaminated site, under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, fed with the target compounds individually, in the range of 10 and 20 mg/L. In addition to the inoculum and the contaminants, the enrichments contained mineral medium and ethanol and lactate as the electron donors (the anaerobic one). The cultures were kept in Boston glass bottles of 250 mL (150 mL of headspace). By enriching the cultures through multiple re-feedings, we could start to describe the mechanisms of biotransformation and identify organisms potentially involved in the observed reactions. Under aerobic conditions, 2,3-DCA, 3,4-DCA, 2-MCA, 3-MCA, and 4-MCA were potentially mineralized by members of the Pandoraea and Burkholderia-Caballero-Paraburkholderia genera, while chloride and ammonium ions were released. The anaerobic enrichments revealed nitro reduction of the 2,3-, 3,4-, and 2,5-DCNB by fermentative bacteria through a likely co-metabolic process, forming DCA isomers. Desulfitobacterium may be implicated in nitro group reduction in these enrichments, however, further investigation is needed for confirmation. The 2,3- and 3,4-DCA were reductively dehalogenated by organohalide-respiring bacteria, specifically Dehalobacter and Anaeromyxobacter genera. The well-established and active anaerobic community is composed of fermentative bacteria, organohalide-respiring bacteria, sulphate-reducing bacteria, and archaea. In general, from our lab experiments, we can affirm that bioremediation with native microbes from the site is a promising strategy to be applied in the contaminated area. Bioaugmentation seems not to be necessary, but biostimulation through addition of oxygen should be considered since natural attenuation under anaerobic conditions did not result in complete dechlorination and mineralize the contaminants.
22
  • CLAYTON JOSÉ GOMES SILVA
  • Use of the Factor Method and Survival Analysis to Estimate the Service Life of the Superstructure of Road Bridges and Viaducts

  • Líder : ROMILDE ALMEIDA DE OLIVEIRA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ELIANA CRISTINA BARRETO MONTEIRO
  • FUAD CARLOS ZARZAR JUNIOR
  • JOAO MANOEL DE FREITAS MOTA
  • JOSÉ AFONSO PEREIRA VITÓRIO
  • TIAGO ANCELMO DE CARVALHO PIRES DE OLIVEIRA
  • Data: 29-sep-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Highway bridges and viaducts are of vital importance for the economic development of any country, since they often allow the displacement of large vehicles, and this mode of transportation is the most used in Brazil compared to waterways and railways. Since these structures are susceptible to deterioration over time, several studies on performance evaluation, service life, and deterioration models have been developed to identify the current stability condition and facilitate decision-making for planning purposes of regular maintenance of this type of construction. In this sense, this research aims to estimate the service life of the superstructure of 98 bridges and viaducts located in the state of Pernambuco, through the application of the Factor Method and Survival Analysis techniques. The data of the set analyzed in this research were collected from the Special Engineering Structures Management System (SGO) of the National Department of Transportation Infrastructure (DNIT), considering the cycle of periodic inspections performed in 2019. For the application of both methodologies, the analyzed sample was grouped by material type: reinforced concrete and prestressed concrete. Regarding the survival analysis, grade 1 was considered as the end of service life and Akaike's criterion indicated the Weibull model as the most suitable for the superstructures of the present research. The ADT and the material of the Special Engineering Structures (SES) stood out as statistically significant differently from the length of each structure. It was also found that at 50 years of age, the reliability of the superstructure of the 98 SES, those built-in reinforced concrete and prestressed concrete was 0.52, 0.12 and 0.69, respectively. Similarly, the Factor Method also highlighted extremely worse stability and functionality conditions of the reinforced concrete superstructures when compared to those executed in prestressed concrete. The results from this method highlighted that special attention should be given to the superstructures of the SES located on highways BR-101/PE and BR-408/PE, as well as those located on BR-232/PE, BR-423/PE and BR-424/PE, since they comprise older bridges with very high ADT. Although the survival analysis presents specific characteristics in the presentation of results, this methodology provided an estimate of the service life of each SES, in addition to information regarding reliability and failure rate of the set of SES analyzed. The Factor Method provided a more objective estimate of the stability and preserving conditions of the studied SES, although it was not possible to assign weights for each factor between 1.00 and 1.20 due to the lack of information regarding the materials used, at the design and execution level. Finally, the results obtained highlight that the two methodologies are reliable and consistent, which can be used to estimate the service life of the various types of SES, even when there is limited information and irregular inspections.

     

     

     

23
  • JUCIELA CRISTINA DOS SANTOS
  • Mapping and Geotechnical Characterization of the Barreiras Formation in the Municipality of Maceió, Alagoas

  • Líder : ROBERTO QUENTAL COUTINHO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • BERNADETE RAGONI DANZIGER
  • IGOR FERNANDES GOMES
  • JULIANE ANDRÉIA FIGUEIREDO MARQUES
  • ROBSON RIBEIRO LIMA
  • RODOLFO MOREDA MENDES
  • Data: 09-nov-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • This work presents a study on the geotechnical behavior of sediments from the Barreiras Formation in the city of Maceió - Alagoas, from a geomorphological, geological and geotechnical mapping, based on SPT tests and laboratory tests. 1,592 SPT records were spatialized, identifying typical profiles of and interpolation through the ordinary kriging method, in order to understand the resistance to penetration of soils in the studied region. With the support of the defined geomorphological compartments, the morphology of the Coastal Tablelands was associated with the Barreiras Formation Geological Unit, improving the cartographic scale of representation of this unit, at a scale of 1:10,000. A geotechnical detail study was carried out at four locations in the city: UFAL, HCOR, Grota da Moenda and Encosta do Mutange, belonging to the geological domain studied. The surveys showed a predominance of predominantly clayey profiles (between 65% - 85%) of the analyzed PTS, with characteristics that point to the occurrence of the Distal Fan/Alluvial Plain facie. Through geostatistical analysis, an increase in Nspt resistance and a seasonality effect resulting from the rainy season were observed. The generated maps complemented the geotechnical investigation carried out, which involved the execution of soundings, collection of undisturbed samples at the top, middle and bottom of the slope, in addition to laboratory tests such as physical characterization, erodibility, permeability (Tri-flex), suction study , double edometric assay, collapsivity studies, direct shear and triaxial ICD. The studied soils presented medium plasticity, classified as silts and clays of low compressibility (CL and ML). The parameters obtained for compressibility, resistance and those related to suction, are close to each other, presenting themselves coherent when compared to the existing literature, with the slopes showing less cohesion, highlighting the base of the slope of Moenda, being directly related with the granulometric composition. The geotechnical parameters obtained together with the probabilistic maps are of great importance in the knowledge of the behavior of the soils in the investigated place, allowing initial parameters for foundation projects, slope stability calculation, urban planning, among other engineering projects.

24
  • LEONARDO MEDEIROS DA COSTA
  • Rehabilitation of Fire-Damaged Reinforced Concrete Beams: Shear Strengthening with NSM CFRP

  • Líder : TIAGO ANCELMO DE CARVALHO PIRES DE OLIVEIRA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • RENATO DE SIQUEIRA MOTTA
  • ROMILDE ALMEIDA DE OLIVEIRA
  • JOSÉ ALEXANDRE GOUVEIA HENRIQUES
  • CRISTIANO CORREA
  • SEVERINO PEREIRA CAVALCANTI MARQUES
  • Data: 09-nov-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • It is essential to know the residual strength of structures after fire, and to define a diagnosis: release, demolition, repair and/or structural strengthening. After fire, reinforced concrete (RC) beams usually lose their strength, requiring strengthening. One solution is the use of the NSM (near-surface mounted) technique in strengthening with CFRP (carbon fiber reinforced polymer) laminates. Despite the proven efficiency of the beams shear strengthening system, the analytical models present great dispersion compared to the few experimental results available. As for the strengthening of the beams after fire, the scenario is even more scarce and without a proposal for an analytical formulation. Therefore, the present work developed an experimental series with 16 RC beams, analyzed at room temperature and after fire, with and without shear strengthening. A group of beams was heated at times of 60, 90 and 120 min, according to ISO 834 (2014) fire curve, slowly cooled, and strengthened with CFRP laminates and the NSM technique. The laminates were applied at 45º and spaced at 75, 150 and 200 mm. The beams were tested to failure in the 3-point bending test, evaluating the load capacity, ductility, and stiffness. The NSM CFRP system was efficient, recovering the beams' initial shear capacity, and even increasing it considerably. The smaller spacings between the laminates resulted in greater load capacities, deformability and rigidity. An analytical study was carried out, and three procedures were presented: (1) it estimated the residual capacity of the beams. Validation was performed with experimental results from 62 beams available in the literature. The proposal presented for the bending moment an average ratio (analytical/experimental) of 1.04, and for the shear capacity an average ratio (analytical/experimental) of 0.83. In (2) a design proposal the shear strengthening at room temperature. A total of 70 experimental results from seven authors were used to evaluate the performance of the procedure and compare it to four analytical models. The proposed procedure presented an average ratio (analytical/experimental) of 0.94, and a lower coefficient of variation (CV). In (3) a design proposal after fire of the shear strengthening was based on the contributions (1) and (2) above, and validated based on the experimental results of eight beams developed in this research. The shear capacity (analytical/experimental) presented an average ratio of 0.82 and CV of 12.2%, showing to be a promising simplified procedure, and pioneer, in the design of the shear strengthening of RC beams after fire.

25
  • MARIA JÚLIA DE OLIVEIRA HOLANDA
  • Collapsible and Expansive Soils in Brazil: Classification of Susceptibility to Occurrence Using Artificial Neural Networks

  • Líder : SILVIO ROMERO DE MELO FERREIRA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ANA PATRICIA NUNES BANDEIRA
  • FERNANDO ARTUR NOGUEIRA SILVA
  • JOAQUIM TEODORO ROMAO DE OLIVEIRA
  • KATIA VANESSA BICALHO
  • MARIA ODETE HOLANDA MARIANO
  • Data: 18-nov-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Collapsible and expansive soils are problematic soils in Civil Engineering. Identifying, classifying and understanding the hydro-geomechanical behavior requires laboratory and field testing procedures and the use of computer models that take into account the tensional state in which the soil is and to which it will be subjected, relating the volume variation due to the change in moisture. Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) constitute an important tool for this purpose, through the correlation between the predictors and the properties to be estimated. The research aims to identify the degree of probability and classify the susceptibility of occourence of collapsible and expansive soils in Brazil based on geotechnical variables and pedological, geological and climatological variables. Based on information from the Special Soils Database (BANDASE) of the research group on unsaturated soils (GSNsat) at UFPE, using ANN through Neural Design, the networks are developed and their performance is analyzed according to binary classification tests. Three networks are elaborated. The first network (PE04) created from 87 PE samples (57 training, 17 selection and 17 testing), has 4 input variables (% sand, % clay, plasticity and activity indices) and has classification accuracy of 76.5%. The second network (PE07) considers the same 87 samples with 7 input variables (the 4 variables of the PE04 network, in addition to climate, pedology and geology) and obtains an accuracy of 88.2%. The third network (BR03) developed with 393 samples (237 training, 78 selection and 78 testing), uses 3 input variables (climate, pedology and geology) and has an accuracy of 89.7%. The generalization of the prediction patterns of the networks presents accuracy rates of 91.11% and 81.95% for the PE04 and BR03 networks and are applied by interpolating samples within the same domain that they were developed; while the PE07 network, was validated with samples from the Northeast and later extrapolating to samples from all over Brazil, had a decrease in the accuracy rate: 65.5% and 56.7% respectively. With the best network (BR03) a soil classification program is developed and a probabilistic map of the occurrence of collapsible and expansive soils, “available for free” in a web environment. The ANN PE04 and PE07 allowed the production of estimates for the identification and classification of collapsible and expansive soils in the State of PE with satisfactory accuracy, establishing a good correlation between the variables and the BR03 network and ratified the importance of the variables of origin and soil formation for classify places prone to these phenomena achieving better classification results.

26
  • JULLIANA MELO PINHEIRO DE ARAUJO
  • Influence of Temperature and Diffusion on Aerobic Granular Sludge for Municipal Wastewater Treatment: Experimental and Modeling Studies

  • Líder : MARIA DE LOURDES FLORENCIO DOS SANTOS
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • BRUNA SCANDOLARA MAGNUS
  • TITO AUGUSTO GEHRING
  • OSMAR LUIZ MOREIRA PEREIRA FONSECA DE MENEZES
  • REJANE HELENA RIBEIRO DA COSTA
  • TIAGO ROGERIO VITOR AKABOCI
  • Data: 18-nov-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) has been widely used in recent decades as an alternative to conventional activated sludge systems. AGS increases biomass retention and sedimentation and enables the simultaneous removal of nutrients and organic matter, making it applicable to a wide range of wastewater types, temperatures, and scales, as evidenced in the literature. However, previous studies investigating the roles of engineering parameters such as volumetric organic load, temperature, and hydraulic retention time in the granulation process in AGS systems show yet no consensus, hindering the development of a precisely predictable system. In this context, mathematical modeling of these systems may provide valuable insights for a basic understanding of microbial biochemical conversions in AGS systems. Hence, this work investigates the influence of temperature, cycle configuration, and influent composition in sequential batch reactors (SBR) systems with AGS of different scales, focusing on understanding sensitive parameters through mathematical modeling. For this purpose, four different methodological strategies were used. Initially, two different cycle configurations in a pilot-scale (PS) SBR (115 L) were used to cultivate AGS without inoculum at approximately 30 °C. Data from these experiments were then used to implement and calibrate the biofilm model proposed by Wanner and Gujer (1986) associated with the activated sludge model n° 3 (ASM3 – GUJER et al., 1999). The model calibration showed high sensitivity of diffusion-associated parameters such as boundary layer thickness. To assess these results, we analyzed diffusion, boundary layer thickness, as well as the presence and size of aerobic/anaerobic layers from O2 micro-profiles using granules (1.4-2.0 mm diameter) collected from two lab-scale (LB) SBRs (9.1 and 11.2 L) operated at 20 and 30 °C. The LS reactors were also monitored to investigate the influence of temperature on AGS formation, morphology, and stability. As mean results, this approach to model implementation enabled the description of a non-steady state AGS system performance related to solids and COD removal. However, it could not capture the complexity of nitrogen removal processes in AGS (under different redox conditions) by assuming a single diameter for all granules. The temperature, in turn, was a primary factor in determining AGS stability, formation, and morphology in the LS reactors. Granules formed at 30 °C were larger, more compact, and considerably more stable against system disturbances. In addition, a prolonged anaerobic phase and the insertion of air pulses during slow feeding were configuration strategies for SBR cycles that improved the granulation process. The wastewater composition directly affected microbial diversity and system performance, with lower efficiency observed when lower loads were applied. To conclude, implementing mathematical models in non-steady-state systems allowed us to analyze the influence of setting fixed parameters, with the number of granules and boundary layer thickness among the most sensitive parameters.

27
  • SÁVIO HENRIQUE DE BARROS HOLANDA
  • Application of Microbial Consortium in Anaerobic and Biometane Generation from Organic Solid Waste

  • Líder : JOSE FERNANDO THOME JUCA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • MAURICIO ALVES DA MOTTA SOBRINHO
  • JORGE VINICIUS FERNANDES LIMA CAVALCANTI
  • ALESSANDRA LEE BARBOSA FIRMO
  • ARMANDO BORGES DE CASTILHOS JUNIOR
  • LAIS ROBERTA GALDINO DE OLIVEIRA
  • Data: 14-dic-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The world economy generates, annually, around 2.01 billion tons of municipal solid waste (MSW). Of these, 46% (924.6 million tons) correspond to the amount of organic waste, which, if not treated correctly, represent a potential agent of soil, air and water pollution. Among the various existing technologies for waste treatment, the Anaerobic Digestion (AD) stands out for its low or zero emission of greenhouse gases, the ability to treat both solid waste and liquid effluents, but especially for generating two by-products of high economic and ecological interest: biogas and biofertilizer. In short, Anaerobic Digestion consists of the biochemical process of synthesizing large polymeric conglomerates of high molecular weight to oligomers and monomers, with low molecular weight, in an oxygen-free environment. This process consists of four well-defined stages: hydrolysis, acidogenesis, acetogenesis, and methanogenesis. Among these, the hydrolytic phase is characterized by the degradation of complex polymers with high molecular weight (carbohydrates, proteins and lipids), which gives this stage a high hydraulic detention time, due to the recalcitrance of the organic substances present. Aiming to speed up the anaerobic fermentation, and the consequent reduction of the hydraulic detention time, this research adopted the biotechnological technique of bioaugmentation, which consists in adding microorganisms capable of providing benefits to the biochemical system to a pre-existing biological process, optimizing it and reducing the biodegradation time. For this, a microbial consortium composed of Bacillus subtilis (T9) and Alcaligenes faecalis (T19) strains was used, with the objective of promoting an improvement in the degradation of residual biomass and the consequent production of biogas and methane. Eleven BMP digesters were used, in borosilicate flasks (250 mL), with brass connections, and analogic manometer (scale of 0-1 kgf/cm² and interval of 0.02), inside which varied amounts of substrate (dry and triturated solid residues) and inoculum (digestate from a biogas plant and microbial consortium) were inserted. Adopting the Experimental Planning tool (DCCR - 2³), with the central composite design consisting of sequential experimentation (factorial with central, axial and curvature points), this allows an "economy" in experimentation, with replication only in the central points. Totaling eleven experiments, the aforementioned anaerobic fermentation batch was developed using the following configurations: 3.0 g RO + 7.27 mLDG + 42.73 mLC; 3.0 g RO + 42.73 mLDG + 7.27 mLC; 7.0 g RO + 7.27 mLDG + 42.73 mLC; 7.0 g RO + 42.73 mLDG + 7.27 mLC; 2.18 g RO + 25 mLDG + 25 mLC; 7.82 g RO + 25 mLDG + 25 mLC, respectively, the points (-1.0, -1.0; -1.0, 1.0; 1.0, -1.0; 1.0, 1.0; -1.41, 0; 1.41, 0; 0, -1.41; 0, 1.41), with the triplicate experiments (5 g RO + 25 mLDG + 25 mLC) concentrating on the central point (0.0, 0.0). Composed predominantly of fruits (89.71%), with trace amounts of leafy vegetables (6.75%) and legumes (3.54%), the organic waste studied had a moisture content (%W) of 85.56%, a pH of 3.5, a BOD5/D COD ratio of 0.936, a volatile solids content of 0.93 g*gST-1 and a C/N ratio of 12.3. These data point to an acid and biodegradable waste, despite the C/N ratio not being favorable for anaerobic fermentation. In turn, the digestate, which initially presented pH, BOD5/ COD ratio and volatile solids values of, respectively, 7.1, 0.23 mg*L-1 and 0.56 g*gST-1 was submitted to a 6-month acclimation/incubation process (t ≈ 180 days), with the purpose of allowing the self-depuration of the intrinsic organic load of the effluent, as well as stabilizing physical and biochemical parameters, presenting, at the end of the incubation, the values of pH, BOD5/D COD ratio and volatile solids of, respectively, 7.6, 0.02 mg*L-1 and 0.41 g*gST-1. The use of the acclimated effluent was necessary in order to promote improvements and fluidity to the anaerobic biochemical process, especially in favor of raising/correcting the pH of the system. After the anaerobic fermentation, the highest Accumulated Potential of biogas was observed in Experiment 1, which was composed of 3.0 g RO + 7.27 mLDG + 42.73 mLC, recording 113.26 NmLbiogas/gSV, followed by Experiment 5, which was composed of 2.5 g RO + 25 mLDG + 25 mLC, recording 53.13 NmLbiogas/gSV. Regarding the Potentials of methane gas present in the biogas, such Experiments 1 and 5 reached 62.57 NmLCH4/gSV and 37.76 NmLCH4/gSV, respectively, being also the Experiments that obtained better methane yields. The other experiments (2, 4, 8 and 9) presented the respective values: 20.21, 0.77, 15.76, 1.19 NmLCH4/gSV. Experiments 3, 6 and 7 presented high amounts of volatile solids, having high organic load, inhibiting anaerobic digestion. Therefore, it is possible to observe, through concrete data, that Solid Waste Management or residual biomass can reach higher levels of efficiency and improvement of the quality of the anaerobic biodegradative process, with the adoption of tools originating from Environmental and Industrial Biotechnology, such as the application of consortia of microorganisms to socio-environmental problems. 

28
  • VICTOR MARCELO ESTOLANO DE LIMA
  • Binary Mixtures of Sugarcane Bagasse Ash And Alkali-Activated Slag

  • Líder : ANTONIO ACACIO DE MELO NETO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • FLÁVIO DE ANDRADE SILVA
  • ROMILDO MORANT DE HOLANDA
  • SANDRO MARDEN TORRES
  • TIAGO ANCELMO DE CARVALHO PIRES DE OLIVEIRA
  • YÊDA VIEIRA PÓVOAS
  • Data: 15-dic-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Sugarcane bagasse ash (SBA) has little potential to be used as fertilizer, and for this reason its end is usually accumulated in piles within the sugarcane plantation land or illegal dumping in another land. This waste has significant pozzolanic potential provided it is treated with controlled grinding and calcination. These processes, however, increase the final cost of the product and can make it unfeasible. In this context, this thesis proposes to use SBA without processing (in natura) and benefited only by calcination for safe encapsulation in structural mixtures based on alkali-activated blast furnace slag. To achieve the main objective, the influence of ash on the physical, mechanical and microstructural properties of mixtures with activated slag will be analyzed. Two variations in the type of ash were used: raw and calcined (both without grinding); two types of alkaline activator: sodium silicate and metasilicate; three variations in the water/binder ratio: 0.45, 0.55 and 0.65; and four variations in the alkaline activator content: 3.0, 4.5, 6.0 and 7.5%. The tests used to evaluate the physical properties were: flow table (consistency table), water absorption, compressive strength, flexural strength and ultrasound pulse velocity to evaluate the physical and mechanical properties of mortars; in addition to X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, thermogravimetry and infrared spectrometry tests to evaluate the microstructure in the pastes. The results showed that the optimal dosages of 4.5 and 6.0 of Na2O (%) provided the best balance between mechanical performance, costs and CO2 emissions, therefore, these dosages were chosen in mixtures with ash. In general, the results of mixtures with slag and SBA showed a decrease in compressive strength proportional to the replacement content at 28 days. Scanning electron microscopy analysis revealed the way in which the organic particles from SBA formed in the alkali-activated matrix. Even so, it was concluded that in addition to the economic and environmental benefits, the use of raw or only calcined SBA in alkali-activated matrices has potential for practical application for specific purposes, such as repair mortars, but new targeted studies need to be developed.

29
  • OUCILANE INGRET MORENO ALVES
  • Domestic Wastewater Treatment with Aerobic Granular Sludge: Influence of the Anaerobic/Anoxic Prolonged Phase and the Mixing Condition

  • Líder : MARIO TAKAYUKI KATO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • BRUNA SCANDOLARA MAGNUS
  • FABRICIO MOTTERAN
  • KENIA KELLY BARROS DA SILVA
  • NELIA HENRIQUES CALLADO
  • SHYRLANE TORRES SOARES VERAS
  • Data: 16-dic-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Wastewater treatment systems with aerobic granular sludge (AGS) are a promising technology for presenting several advantages in comparison with conventional activated sludge (AS) systems. Among them is the reduction of the area of implementation and the simultaneous removal of organic matter (OM) and nutrients (N and P), one of the attractions for the use of this technology. However, its large-scale application with real wastewater presents some challenges. The main ones are the instability conferred to the granules during their formation and the maintenance of satisfactory nutrient removals over long periods. The first works with AGS were carried out in aerobic-only reactors. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of including a prolonged (60 or 90 min) anoxic/anaerobic phase, with different mixing conditions through the introduction of air pulses, on the: (i) granule formation and stability; (ii) microbial community composition; and (iii) nutrient removal efficiency. Two sequential batch reactors (SBR) were used, each with a working volume of 115 L, a height to diameter ratio (H/D) of 10, a volumetric exchange rate of 71%, and an upflow air superficial velocity rate of 1.0 cm.s-1 . The reactors were fed with low concentration domestic wastewater (OM and P) and started operation without adding inoculum. The operating cycle was 4 h and the application of two mixing conditions during the anoxic/anaerobic phase resulted in 5 operating strategies (OPS), with air pulses every 20 min (OPS I90.20 and II60.20) or 5 min (OPS III90.5, IV60.5 and V90.5). The phases of the operational cycle in each batch consisted of feeding (2 min), anoxic/anaerobic phase (60 min for OPS II60.20 and IV60.5; 90 min for OPS I90.20, III90.5 and V90.5), aeration (124 min for OPS I90.20, III90.5 and V90.5 and 154 min for OPS II60.20 and IV60.5), sedimentation (20 min) and effluent discharge (4 min). Aerobic granules were obtained in the reactor without added inoculum between days 39 and 87 of operation for all five OPS. Only OPS V90.5 reached full granulation (diameter ≥0.2 mm) at 168 days. Organic matter removal efficiencies (in COD) greater than 70% were obtained in all OPS. For nitrogen removal it was observed that the predominance of granules with diameter greater than or equal to 0.6 mm and the higher frequency of air pulses (OPS III90.5 and V90.5) favored the higher occurrence of the simultaneous nitrification and denitrification process (SND), with effluent average concentrations of NO2- -N and NO3- -N of 1.1±2.1 and 1.3±1.4 mg. L-1 , respectively, for OPS III90.5; and of 3.3±2.7 and 4.1±4.6 mg.L-1 for OPS V90.5, respectively. The application of a longer anoxic/anaerobic phase (90 min) and air pulses every 5 minutes provided the system with higher activity of Polyphosphate-accumulating organisms (PAO) and stability in orthophosphate removal. The maximum P removal efficiency for OPS III90.5 was 88% and for OPS V90.5 93%, and for the latter, denitrifying phosphate accumulating organisms (DPAO) were the responsible microorganisms. Regarding the microbial community of OPS V90.5, the main genus active in the treatment was Pseudomonas. These microorganisms acted both in SND and in phosphorus removal, in the latter together with Pseudoxanthomonas. Among the five strategies applied, the ones that presented the best results were OPS III90.5 and V90.5, which operated with the same anoxic/anaerobic phase (90 min) and higher air pulse frequency (5 min). These OPS showed the best results, both for the development of the granular biomass and in reactor performance.

30
  • MAYCO SULLIVAN ARAUJO DE SANTANA
  • Potential for Methane Generation from Urban Solid Waste from the Landfill in Agreste Alagoano

  • Líder : JOSE FERNANDO THOME JUCA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • MARIA DO CARMO MARTINS SOBRAL
  • ALESSANDRA LEE BARBOSA FIRMO
  • FRANCISCO SUETONIO BASTOS MOTA
  • JOÁCIO DE ARAÚJO MORAIS JÚNIOR
  • SERGIO PERES RAMOS DA SILVA
  • Data: 19-dic-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The emission of methane gas, generated by the decomposition of solid waste in landfills, is one of the serious problems of atmospheric pollution and one way to minimize the impacts of methane on the environment is through its reuse for energy generation. Although there is wide research on the subject, specific data for semi-arid regions are still scarce. The present research has a proposal to do a survey of the potential of methane gas generation from organic fraction of MSW in Agreste Landfill, which receives waste from 29 cities through the CONAGRESTE consortium, and, through mathematical models applied in LandGEM and Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) computer programs, to do the theoretical estimation of CH4 production during the useful life of the landfill in two scenarios: one with default values from the programs for the local climate region and the other with information obtained from experimental data. As experimental data studies of the gravimetric composition of the MSW of the involved municipalities were carried out, in order to obtain a representative sample of the deposited waste; physical-chemical analyses of the organic fraction of MSW; and BMP (Biochemical Methane Potential) tests to determine the potential of methane gas generation, kinetic constant of decay (Kexp) and degradable organic carbon (COD). The results show that the gravimetric composition of the MSW of the landfill has the organic matter with the highest index (47.24%), followed by rigid/flexible plastic (22.35%) and sanitary waste (11.06%). In smaller quantities rubber (0.90%), leather (0.22%) and wood (0.20%). In the BPM tests the organic fraction presented potential of CH4 generation, 207.80 NmLCH4/gSV. When adopted standard input data, LandGEM model presented 38% higher value in CH4 production in relation to IPCC model. When considered experimentally obtained input data, IPCC presented CH4 generation 32.66% higher than LandGEM, this was possible due to the COD value that was elevated as a result of the L0 of the organic fraction, going from the theoretical value of 0.15 to the experimental value of 0.27 in the new scenario.

31
  • IDAYANA DA COSTA MARINHO
  • Pilot-Scale High Rate Algal Ponds for Nutrient Removal from Municipal Wastewater: Production of Value-Added Compounds

  • Líder : MARIA DE LOURDES FLORENCIO DOS SANTOS
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • BRUNA SCANDOLARA MAGNUS
  • ELIZABETH AMARAL PASTICH GONCALVES
  • FABRICIO MOTTERAN
  • MIGUEL MANSUR AISSE
  • SHYRLANE TORRES SOARES VERAS
  • Data: 20-dic-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • This study evaluated the performance of a treatment system composed of three high rate algal ponds (HRAPs) of different depths (30, 50 and 70 cm) for nutrient removal and production of value-added compost (biomass, lipids, biodiesel, and PUFAs). Two operational phases were tested, in which both differed by the time of feeding the effluent, phase 1 (two feeds of 3 h) and phase 2 (eight feeds of 45 min). The HRAPs (HRAP30, HRAP50, and HRAP70) operated with the same hydraulic retention time - HRT (2 days) and UASB effluent as the inflow. The most satisfactory operational performance was found in phase 2 for HRAP30 and HRAP50, respectively. The mentioned average efficiencies refer both a higher removal of ammoniacal nitrogen (90 and 73 %) and orthophosphate (80%), and a high average production of biomass (300 and 600 g.m-2.d-1) and lipids (7.5 and 15 g.m-2.d-1), respectively. Higher FAME productivity was also reported at HRAP50 (0.8 g.m-2 d-1). On the other hand, the deepest LAT (LAT70) evidenced a higher mean lipid content during phase 2, in which, simultaneously, a decrease in chlorophyll production was observed. A variation in the phytoplankton community was identified for the all HRAPs as they transitioned from stage 1 to stage 2. This change was evidenced by the development and growth of cyanobacteria to the detriment of chlorophytes. In the operation of the HRAPs located in Recife (at low latitude, near the Equator), the use of a low HRT in HRAP70 (higher depth) helped the lipid content (50%) Value-added PUFAs, such as linoleic acids (C18: 2ω6), α-linolenic (C18:3ω3) and cis-4,7,10,13,16,19-docosahexanoic (DHA or C22:6 ω3) acids can be produced through HRAPs by varying the depth. Depths of 50 and 70 cm were more likely to stimulate the production of these FAMEs. Along with the choice of depth, a greater mass of the said acids is favored, when the HRAPs were fed in two 3 h cycles (phase 1).

     

32
  • FÁBIA KAMILLY GOMES DE ANDRADE
  • Influence of the Nanotechnology and Lightweight Aggregates in Cementitious Mortars: An Experimental Analysis of the Physical, Mechanical and Acoustic Properties

  • Líder : TIAGO ANCELMO DE CARVALHO PIRES DE OLIVEIRA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ALBERTO CASADO LORDSLEEM JÚNIOR
  • ANA CECILIA VIEIRA DA NOBREGA
  • ARNALDO MANOEL PEREIRA CARNEIRO
  • JOSE JEFERSON DO REGO SILVA
  • MARCO ANTONIO SILVA PINHEIRO
  • Data: 21-dic-2022


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The use of lightweight aggregates in cementitious composites has been the subject of experimental studies, which aim to know their performance, as well as to optimize the physical, mechanical and acoustic properties. Many researchers said that these lightweight aggregates have got an influence on sound absorption, due to their lightness, but it can damage your mechanical strength. Then, nanosilica, composed of SiO2 nanoparticles, can be a strategy to improve some properties, enabling the incorporation of these aggregates in higher levels and even the use of wastes. Therefore, it was necessary to perform a preliminary study with 6 conventional mortars; followed by an experimental study with 18 lightweight mortars that used expanded clay (AE), sawdust waste (PS) and expanded polystyrene (EPS) as aggregates; finally, the 5 best compositions were choose for the sound absorption test. The results indicate that use of nanosilica can contribute to a greater packing of the grains in the mortars and promote the formation of additional hydrated calcium silicate (C-S-H), it was identified through the results of fresh density, air incorporated content, the bulk density and the thermodifferential (ATD) and thermogravimetric (TG) curves. Nanosilica also contributed to the reduction in capillary absorption and, consequently, in the capillarity coefficient. Furthermore, the use of 3% nS increased the tensile flexural strength and compress strength by at least 88% and 158%, respectively. Therefore, the sound absorption of these composites was harmed, being obtained through the test with an impedance tube, whose weighted sound absorption coefficient did not exceed 0.04. Thus, these lightweight aggregates, although of the lightness, did not contribute to the sound absorption, in view of the pores were filled with SiO2 nanoparticles, leaving the composites dense. Simultaneously, nanosilica contributed to improve to mechanical strength, enabling the use of these lightweight aggregates at higher levels, including it's allowing for the reuse of waste and contributing to sustainability.

     

2021
Disertaciones
1
  • LAYANE BASTOS JUVITO
  • Estudo das Diferentes Técnicas de Suavização no Método Multiescala Iterativo MsCV Acoplado ao Esquema de Alta Resolução CPR na Simulação de Escoamentos Bifásicos Água-Óleo em Reservatórios de Petróleo Usando Malhas não Estruturadas

  • Líder : PAULO ROBERTO MACIEL LYRA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ALESSANDRO ROMARIO ECHEVARRIA ANTUNES
  • IGOR FERNANDES GOMES
  • PAULO ROBERTO MACIEL LYRA
  • Data: 18-jun-2021


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • A modelagem e simulação de escoamentos multifásicos em meios heterogêneos e anisotrópicos constituem um grande desafio matemático e numérico, onde metodologias numéricas adequadas são de suma importância, visando fornecer ferramentas essenciais para análise de engenharia de reservatórios, pois permite a previsão do desempenho dos reservatórios de hidrocarbonetos sob várias estratégias operacionais. O uso de esquemas de altíssima ordem para resolver o problema de transporte, juntamente com métodos multiescala aplicados na simulação de escoamentos multifásicos em reservatórios de petróleo, ainda não foi explorado na literatura. Neste trabalho, o método multiescala iterativo MsCV (Multiscale Control-Volume) é usado para resolver o problema elíptico da pressão enquanto a equação de saturação hiperbólica é resolvida usando o CPR (Correction Procedure via Reconstruction). Para acoplar adequadamente o conjunto anterior de equações, usamos a estratégia IMPES (Implicit Pressure Explicit Saturation) e um operador de reconstrução de velocidade com base nas funções de forma de interpolação de Raviart-Thomas de ordem inferior. Além disso, é empregado o MLP (Multidimensional Limiting  Process) na fase de reconstrução do CPR a fim de suprimir oscilações numéricas intrínsecas à representação de regiões de choque por esquemas de alta ordem e para entregar alta resolução nas regiões suaves da solução. Para acoplar adequadamente o método MsCV com a abordagem de CPR, uma reconstrução de velocidade adequada em todos os volumes de controle é necessária para garantir a acurácia do método de alta ordem. Assim, o campo de velocidade deve apresentar um grau adequado de precisão que, em geral, não é entregue por métodos multiescala. Para lidar com esse problema e remover os componentes de alta frequência do erro, estudamos vários métodos de suavização (ou precondicionadores). Assim, foram realizadas diversas simulações em 2-D, usando problemas "benchmarks"da literatura, a fim de analisar o comportamento e a eficiência de diferentes suavizadores aplicados ao problema elíptico para produzir um campo de velocidade preciso e, portanto, resultados satisfatório para o problema de fluxo bifásicos em reservatórios de petróleo heterogêneos e anisotrópicos.

2
  • ADRIA TAVARES LEITE SILVA
  • SIMULATION OF FLUID FLOW IN FAULT ZONE WITH DEFORMATION BANDS USING FINITE ELEMENT METHOD WITH EMBEDDED DISCONTINUITIES

  • Líder : IGOR FERNANDES GOMES
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • FRANCISCO CÉZAR COSTA NOGUEIRA
  • FLÁVIA DE OLIVEIRA LIMA FALCÃO
  • IGOR FERNANDES GOMES
  • Data: 27-jul-2021


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Deformation bands are one of the most common structures in fault zones formed inporous sandstone rocks. They are characterized by tabular format, with millimeter to centimeterthickness and reduced permeability and porosity in relation to the host rock.Due to this,deformation bands can affect the rock flow patterns and compartmentalize rocks. Since theyrepresent a small-scale heterogeneity, their incorporation on reservoir simulation is associatedwith high computational cost when deformation band explicit discretization is needed. As analternative, this work proposes to incorporate this type of discontinuity in an implicitly wayusing finite element method with embedded strong discontinuity for hydraulic problems. Thismethod was verified in test models and applied in outcrop models of damage zone in Rio doPeixe Basin. Thereby it was possible to analyze the impact of deformation bands on fluidflow through porous media and how they affect the equivalent permeability and the pressuredistribution field of the domain. The results showed the adopted approach was able to capture theresulting pressure field discontinuity. The main reductors factors of equivalent permeability of themedium were orientation of bands in relation to the flow direction, lateral continuity of the bands,bandpermeabilityvalue,contrastinbetweenbandandhostrockpermeability,andintensityofdeformation bands. Furthermore, in the exposed cases it was observed that deformation bandswereabletocompartmentalizethedomain,behavingasbarriersanddeflectorsofthefluidflow.


3
  • JOSIVALDO RODRIGUES SÁTIRO
  • FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE MICROALGAE BIOFLOCULATION IN HIGH RATE PONDS WITH SANITARY SEWAGE

  • Líder : MARIA DE LOURDES FLORENCIO DOS SANTOS
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ANTONIO JOÃO CARVALHO DE ALBUQUERQUE
  • BRUNA SCANDOLARA MAGNUS
  • MARIA DE LOURDES FLORENCIO DOS SANTOS
  • Data: 30-jul-2021


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The deterioration of water bodies resulting from the release of untreated sewage can be mitigated with the use of biological treatment processes and, thus, reduce the concentration of organic matter, nutrients, among other pollutants. Among the available processes, systems that use microalgae-bacteria are considered promising and sustainable alternatives, as they do not require artificial aeration and because of the possibility of producing products with added value, such as lipids, which can be used for the production of biofuels. However, the separation of dispersed biomass can be a limiting factor for the application of these systems and the formation of a dense biomass becomes an important requirement. In this context, the main objective of this work was to investigate the effect of activated sludge inoculation on the formation and stability of microalgae-bacterial aggregate on sedimentability, lipid production and sewage treatment in high rate lagoons in pilot scale. As a starting strategy, three lagoons were operated: LAT 1, LAT 2 and LAT 3, with heights of 0.30 m, 0.30 m and 0.50 m, respectively. LAT 1 was used as a control without inoculation of activated sludge, while LAT 2 and LAT 3 were inoculated with activated sludge with a concentration of 0.5 g/L of SSV. These were operated in two consecutive batches to obtain the aggregate and were sequentially operated in a continuous regime, with a hydraulic detention time of 4 days. Regarding the results, it was observed the stabilization of the biomass and stationary phase of the system after 20 days of operation in the continuous phase, mainly in lakes LAT 2 and LAT 3. LAT 1, LAT 2 and LAT 3 achieved total nitrogen removal from 82.2%, 76.6% and 53.4% and organic matter removal evaluated in COD of 90.33%, 85.22% and 97.33%, respectively. Regarding the sedimentability of biomass, in LAT 2 and LAT 3, an increase in SSV and flocculation efficiency was observed as the microalgae-bacteria aggregate system stabilized, that is, from day 20 of operation with continuous feeding, as mentioned above, thus obtaining SSV values in mg/L of 170.0 and 157.5, in that order. The LAT 1 biomass characteristics varied throughout the operational phase, being related to the seasonality and dilution of the effluent during the operation period. Assessing the flocculation efficiency, it was found that the lakes that were inoculated with activated sludge, being LAT 2 and LAT 3, obtained higher values of 90.6% and 93.4%, indicating good biomass sedimentation and relevance in the use of inoculum and two sequential batches at the start of the lagoons. In this perspective, this study with microalgae-bacteria aggregate showed results for the removal of organic matter and high nutrients, especially in LAT 2, with a water depth of 0.30 m, demonstrating the relevance of starting the systems through batches sequential use of the inoculum and water depth for the stability of the systems, as well as in the formation and harvesting of biomass to generate value-added products.

4
  • MATHEUS PARAISO DE SOUZA
  • COMBINATION OF REDUCTIVE AND OXIDATIVE MICROBIOLOGICAL PROCESSES FOR DEGRADATION OF INSENSITIVE MUNITION COMPOUND 2,4-DINITROANISOLE (DNAN)


  • Líder : SAVIA GAVAZZA DOS SANTOS
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • SAVIA GAVAZZA DOS SANTOS
  • CAMILA LEITE MADEIRA
  • GIOVANA TOMMASO
  • Data: 30-jul-2021


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Over time, so-called insensitive munition compounds (IMC) have been used as an alternative to conventional explosives, due to their greater safety during use, transport and storage. But, the use of new compounds creates new environmental problems. The nitroaromatic 2,4-dinitroanisole (DNAN) is an IMC, and is present in several explosive formulations. DNAN is toxic, and can come into contact with the environment through the dissolution and infiltration of unexploded pieces in the soil and in explosives production industries, either by wastewater or by possible leaks. It is known that biological processes are able to reduce the two nitro groups present in DNAN, resulting in the aromatic amine 2,4-diaminoanisole (DAAN). However, DAAN still poses an environmental risk. Aromatic amines such as DAAN are subject to aerobic degradation. Thus, the objective of this dissertation is to present a combination of reducing and oxidative processes for the remediation of DNAN and its biological reduction products. For the study of DNAN reduction, the following electron donors were used: acetate, ethanol, pyruvate, hydrogen and the combination of hydrogen and pyruvate. In addition to these conditions, biotic controls were also carried out without the addition of external donors (endogenous) and abiotic controls with heat-killed biological sludge. The tests also took into account the influence of temperature on the kinetics of DNAN consumption, having been carried out at 20 and 30°C. In abiotic controls, no DNAN consumption was observed during the experiment period. There was no notable influence of the addition of ethanol and acetate on the biological consumption of DNAN, considering that these conditions presented a consumption rate similar to the endogenous control. The condition that presented the fastest DNAN reduction (rate at 30°C) was with the combination hydrogen and pyruvate (311,3 ± 10,0 mM∙d-1∙gVSS-1), followed by the condition with hydrogen only (207,2 ± 6,0 mM∙d-1∙gVSS-1), and from the condition with pyruvate only (36,3 ± 3,0 mM∙d-1∙gVSS-1). These three conditions had an improvement in the consumption kinetics with the increase of the temperature from 20 to 30°C. To study the oxidative consumption of DAAN, nitrate, sulfate and oxygen were tested as electron acceptors under different conditions. Anaerobic conditions were also tested without adding electron acceptors, one with pyruvate as co-substrate and the other without. All conditions were tested with and without biological sludge plus one condition with heat-killed sludge. In the abiotic controls there was no significant change in the concentration of DAAN except in the aerobic condition, in which a relevant autoxidation reaction was observed. DAAN was also consumed in the heat-killed sludge condition, consumed up to a saturation limit of 67,4 mM DAAN∙(gVSS heat-killed sludge) -1. Among the biotic conditions tested, the one with oxygen showed the best consumption kinetics. The conditions of sulfate and without electron acceptors (with and without pyruvate) exhibited similar performances in removing DAAN. The presence of nitrate, however, appeared to inhibit the process. An enrichment culture was developed from the aerobic condition. In it, a profound change in the microbial community was observed, in which about 85% of the relative abundance was of microorganisms that were not classified in the literature, suggesting that the process is carried out by microorganisms that have not yet been described. That said, a combination of an anaerobic step followed by an aerobic one shows promise in the remediation of DNAN and later, DAAN.

5
  • DILAYNE SANTOS OLIVEIRA
  • FRACTIONAL FLOW MODELS BASED ON WELL PRODUCTION DATA FOR WATERFLOODING OPTIMIZATION

  • Líder : BERNARDO HOROWITZ
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • BERNARDO HOROWITZ
  • SILVANA MARIA BASTOS AFONSO DA SILVA
  • LEONARDO CORREIA DE OLIVEIRA
  • Data: 02-ago-2021


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • This work applies the Capacitance and Resistance Model based on the producer (CRMP) and the fractional flow models Koval and Gentil to determine water and oil production in reservoirs with waterflooding. These models only use the history well rates data as inputs. In addition, it presents a fractional flow model called Kogen, which is formulated as a non-linear constrained problem and solved with the Sequential Quadratic Programming (SQP) algorithm. The CRMP, Koval, and Gentil parameters are calculated using a Nonlinear Least Squares (NLS) algorithm. The comparations between each model performance are made with an optimization problem to maximize the reservoir rentability. The objective function is the Net Present Value (NPV) of the reservoir, and the control variables the injection rates. This optimization problem is solved applying the SQP method, and gradients are approximated with an ensemble-based method. To validate the proposed strategies, two reservoir models are used: Brush Canyon Outcrop and Brugge. The results show the capacity of CRMP to forecast the producer’s liquid rate and to indicate the influence of the injector on producer wells quantitatively. They also validate the applicability of Koval, Gentil, and Kogen models to estimate oil and water rates. It is observed that Kogen forecasts oil and water rates with more accuracy for wells with different water cut levels, while the other models show limitations. Comparing theproxies CRMP+(fractional flow models) performance with a high fidelity optimization process, it is observed that CRMP+Kogen presents better results. To BCO, the final VPL calculated with CRMP+Kogen is increased by 20.2% e 2.65% in comparison to Koval and Gentil models, respectively. This proxy also generates a good start point to high fidelity optimization processes, increasing its results and decreasing the number of simulation executions. The use of the proxies generated to optimization problems is demonstrated with satisfactory results to forecast oil and water productions.

6
  • RAQUEL FERREIRA DO NASCIMENTO
  • PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT OF CONTAMINATION BY PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOUNDS IN THE RIVER-AQUIFER INTERACTION

  • Líder : ANDERSON LUIZ RIBEIRO DE PAIVA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ANDERSON LUIZ RIBEIRO DE PAIVA
  • JAIME JOAQUIM DA SILVA PEREIRA CABRAL
  • LAÉRCIO LEAL DOS SANTOS
  • Data: 06-ago-2021


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The growing demand for clean water associated with the deterioration of water resources in semi-arid regions has made the supply of clean water a challenge for sanitation companies, which have been looking for alternative water treatment technology to solve these problems. Among the options, Bank Filtration (BF) has been shown to be efficient in improving water quality, in addition to being relatively low cost. This technology consists of construction pumping wells on the margins of a shallow reservoir. The pumping action causes a difference in the hydraulic gradient of the surface and underground reservoirs, and further promotes the flow of water from the river to the production well. During the passage of water through soil sediments, physical, chemical and biological processes occur that are responsible for the attenuation of contaminants in the water, including pharmaceutical compounds. These substances have worried the academic community because, due to their complex structure, they are difficult to remove in conventional water treatment processes. Although they are found in low concentrations, the presence of these compounds in water can cause damage to living beings, including humans. But, before deploying an BF system, it is necessary to observe the hydrogeological and water quality factors to determine a favorable location for using the technique. Thus, this work aimed to evaluate the potential application of Bank Filtration in order to complement the supply of diffuse communities in the semiarid region of Pernambuco. For this, four locations in the region were studied: Batateira, district of Belém de Maria; Santa Maria da Boa Vista; Orocó and Petrolândia. In these places, hydrogeological investigations were carried out, in addition to the quality of the water and the concentration of drugs (diclofenac, dipyrone, ibuprofen and paracetamol) in surface water. In the cities of Santa Maria da Boa Vista, Orocó and Petrolândia, the removal of drugs in water treatment stations (ETAs) in each of the municipalities was also evaluated. In Batateira, the assessment took place on the banks of the Rio da Prata dam. At this point, due to the construction projects of the dam and visual prospecting, the possibility of installing an BF well was discarded due to the rocky soil at the site. In the cities of Santa Maria da Boa Vista, Orocó and Petrolândia, water quality analyzes (turbidity, color, pH, electrical conductivity, temperature, nitrate, iron and manganese) showed favorable conditions for the implementation of FM on the banks of the São Francisco River, however, the SPT tests carried out in the cities of Santa Maria da Boa Vista showed that the site does not have a suitable lithology for the use of the technique because the soil is, above all, clayey. In Orocó, the SPT test could not be carried out due to the soil composition by pebbles. In previous soil analysis, the region on the banks of the São Francisco River in the city of Petrolândia has potential for the implantation of BF because it presents a thick layer of sandy soil, which can reach more than 20 m in depth. The analyzes of pharmaceutical compounds in the surface water of the São Francisco River showed minimum and maximum concentrations of not detected (ND) and 759,060 µg.L-1, ND and 1858.020 µg.L-1, ND and 785.280 µg.L-1, and ND and 533,640 µg.L-1, respectively, for diclofenac, dipyrone, ibuprofen and paracetamol. Among them, the only one that showed removal by the conventional method of water treatment was diclofenac, with an average of 22% attenuation. Dipyrone, ibuprofen and paracetamol showed an average increase in concentration between raw water and treated water of 3.018%; 38.477% and 4.261%, respectively, which may be related to the formation of products during the water treatment process and/or the non-consideration of the detention time of ETAs during the study.

7
  • CAMILA NASCIMENTO RIBEIRO
  • GRADIENT APPROACH REFINING TECHNIQUES FOR WATERFLOODING OPTIMIZATION

  • Líder : BERNARDO HOROWITZ
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • BERNARDO HOROWITZ
  • LEONARDO CORREIA DE OLIVEIRA
  • SILVANA MARIA BASTOS AFONSO DA SILVA
  • Data: 09-ago-2021


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • In this work, refinement techniques are presented to improve both the performance of the Ensembles Based Method (EnOpt), as well as to improve the performance of the Gradient Simplex (SG), for the optimal management of the water injection problem in constrained reservoirs. The objective function adopted is the Net Present Value (NPV) and the restrictions imposed are at the well and field level. The SQP algorithm was adopted to solve the water injection problem and the Nonlinear Least Squares Method (NLS) to solve the decoupled problem. We propose four techniques to refine the sensitivity matrix: Truncation technique; Damping Technique; Locating Techniques that include the sensitivity of the NPV of the producing wells with respect to the controls of the other producing wells and the sensitivity of the NPV of the producing wells with respect to the controls of the injector wells; and also the Regularization Techniques, namely, the sensitivity of the NPV of the injector wells with respect to the controls of the producing wells and the sensitivity of the NPV of the injector wells with respect to the controls of the other injector wells. These techniques were added to the EnOpt and SG methods, resulting in five distinct refinements, REB, REB*, REB+T, RSG+T and RSG+TD, which were applied to the BCO-Falha and Brugge reservoir models.

8
  • MARCELLA VASCONCELOS QUINTELLA JUCÁ
  • SOIL MOISTURE ESTIMATION AT DIFFERENT DEPTHS FROM THE SOIL MOISTURE OCEAN SALINITY (SMOS) SATELLITE DATA IN PERNAMBUCO USING AN EXPONENTIAL FILTER

  • Líder : ALFREDO RIBEIRO NETO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • DANIEL ANDRÉS RODRIGUEZ
  • ALFREDO RIBEIRO NETO
  • ALZIRA GABRIELLE SOARES SARAIVA SOUZA
  • Data: 17-ago-2021


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Droughts are natural disasters whose severity and duration are often hard to predict. This extreme event can be identified, for example, when soil moisture contents lower than average are detected. Soil moisture at subsurface depths plays an important role in ecological and socioeconomic aspects, as agriculture is a business field heavily affected by droughts, given the crops dependence on the availability of water on the root zone, and therefore, of the soil moisture. In this sense, this parameter is used in hydrological and climate models as well as in agricultural monitoring, as it is an indicator for the availability of water for transpiration and provides predictability regarding the occurrence of agricultural droughts. Among the measurement methodologies for this parameter, remote sensing is a viable option to obtain soil moisture information on a large scale, since the data generated by satellite has a large spatial coverage and has a satisfactory temporal frequency. The SMOS mission measures soil moisture information through a radiometer that operates in the L-Band. Therefore, the data obtained refers to the moisture in the first centimeters of the soil. In this study, an exponential filter to estimate the root zone water content from time series of surface moisture obtained via remote sensing was evaluated for in situ stations located in Pernambuco, Brazil based on SMOS data and using in situ stations at 20 cm and 40 cm depths for calibration and parameters setting. The results obtained for the root zone were also compared to the soil moisture products of the GLDAS-Noah and GLDAS-CLSM models. The soil moisture content estimated by the exponential filter resulted in mean Pearson correlation increments and RMSE reductions in the order of 34% and 25%, respectively, when compared to SMOS data without its application, reaching correlations more than 100% higher and RMSE 70% lower and showing the benefits of its application. As for the data resulting from the filter with the GLDAS, a spatial pattern was observed in the comparison between these and the data from the filter.

9
  • LEONARDO BARROS DANTAS BRANDÃO
  • NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF THE DISSOLUTION BY THE FLUID FLOW IN ROCKS AT THE PLUG SCALE WITH INFLUENCE OF VUGS AND FRACTURE

  • Líder : IGOR FERNANDES GOMES
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ANALICE FRANCA LIMA AMORIM
  • IGOR FERNANDES GOMES
  • MANOEL PORFIRIO CORDAO NETO
  • Data: 20-ago-2021


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Rock-fluid interactions can cause mineral dissolution, creating flow paths or widen the existing ones, increasing fluid flow. Carbonate rocks have complex physical and geological characteristics. The presence of fractures changes the fluid flow into the rock, which may contribute to the mineral dissolution. Evaporites can be composed by gypsum (CaSO4.H2O), which reacts quickly in contact with water due to its low solubility. Calcite and gypsum dissolutions can create zones that vary from small vuggy to large caves – that is the karstification process. The rock strength can be affected by the roughness of its fracture walls, which impact the fluid and solute circulation, creating tortuous paths. Dissolutions of fracture walls modify their apertures and change permeabilities. To better understand the formation of dissolution zones in rocks and the influence of fractures and vugs, this work numerically simulates the dissolution of gypsum by rock-fluid interaction, using a reactive transport formulation for two-dimensional synthetic scenarios, considering two distinct analyses, in finite elements and at the plug scale: (1) rocks with vugs, in which four plugs with vugs were analyzed, two of them had a random distribution of vugs and two were homogeneous, one of each having a central fracture; (2) rocks with different roughness of the fracture walls, in which four plugs were analyzed (L, R1, R2 and R3). The results of analysis 1 showed a significant increase in dissolution with the fracture and a tendency for the fluid to follow connection paths between the vugs. As a result, some zones farther away from the fluid injection site were dissolved faster than others that were closer. The fracture provides an intense fluid flow in this direction and an expressive advance of dissolution front. In analysis 2, it was observed, in all cases, initially the convergence of the fluid flow to the top of the fracture. At fractured rocks with "corners" (R1, R2 and R3), dissolved zones appeared in the proximity of the corners, while in the L simulation (without corners), dissolution was faster at points closer to the fracture and to the injection site of the fluid. The conclusion is that the presence of fractures tends to direct the flow inside the rock and to accelerate the dissolution process. Roughness creates specific zones of mineral dissolution. The results lead to an understanding of the impact of fractures and vugs on the dissolution in a medium with heterogeneities determined by macropores.

10
  • RENATA ÉLINE DE BRÁS FONTES
  • NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR IN DEFORMATION BANDS

  • Líder : ANALICE FRANCA LIMA AMORIM
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • IGOR FERNANDES GOMES
  • TIAGO SIQUEIRA DE MIRANDA
  • MANOEL PORFIRIO CORDAO NETO
  • Data: 31-ago-2021


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Analogous sandstone outcrops, such as those in the Rio do Peixe Basin, have been the subject of petrophysical, geological and geomechanical studies, due to deformations from brittle structures in sedimentary rocks, known as Deformation Bands, which directly influence the properties of rocks. The present work aims to carry out a numerical analysis, which will be able to analyze the effect of shear on strain bands using the Drucker-Prager elastoplastic model to simulate rock masses in shear condition, in addition to evaluating the influence of confining stress and material parameters, and thus model systems with pre-existing fault segments, using as a basis uniaxial and triaxial mechanical tests on the effect of shear on the Deformation Bands of the basin under study. The simulation used the technique of strong discontinuities incorporated to simulate the discontinuity of the deformation bands, with rigidity twice as high as that of sandstone. The Drucker-Prager constitutive model simulation was used, this model facilitates the study of shear zones. Thus, it can be observed that these tests were able to capture the shear stress zone between the strain bands and all around them.

11
  • DOUGLAS LIMA MARTINS
  • STUDY OF THE RELATIONSHIP OF RIDESOURCING WITH THE CAR USE AND OWNERSHIP

  • Líder : LEONARDO HERSZON MEIRA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • MAURICIO OLIVEIRA DE ANDRADE
  • LEISE KELLI DE OLIVEIRA
  • CIRA SOUZA PITOMBO
  • Data: 10-sep-2021


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • This dissertation analyzes the effects of ridesourcing service on the car use and ownership in Brazilian cities and discusses its implications for sustainable mobility. In recent decades, transport planning has generated a car prioritization over active and collective modes. The aim for a more sustainable mobility tries to reverse this process. Recently, shared mobility services have emerged as new ways of getting around cities. Ridesourcing is part of these services and has gained great value in Brazilian cities. Given the above, this work aimed to study the relationship between ridesourcing and the car use and ownership and analyze its impacts on urban mobility planning in Brazil. The empirical study was carried out using data from the 10 largest metropolitan regions in the country and a questionnaire with respondents from all over the country. The methods used were linear regression with a difference- in-difference estimator, discrete choice models and rank data analysis. The results showed that ridesourcing does not have expressive effects on car ownership, and that the use of the service may be related to a greater use of active and collective modes. It was also found that ridesourcing has an evaluation similar to the automobile and that there is a disparity between these and other modes. From that, it is discussed how public transport policies can guide the use of the service in order to provide a more sustainable mobility.

12
  • MARIA EDUARDA FERREIRA DA SILVA CARVALHO
  • ENCOURAGING THE REVITALIZATION OF URBAN RIVERS WITH A SOCIO-HYDROLOGICAL APPROACH: CASE STUDY OF THE CAPIBARIBE BASIN, RECIFE-PE

  • Líder : JAIME JOAQUIM DA SILVA PEREIRA CABRAL
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • FERNANDO DORNELLES
  • JAIME JOAQUIM DA SILVA PEREIRA CABRAL
  • LEIDJANE MARIA MACIEL DE OLIVEIRA
  • Data: 07-oct-2021


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The aim of this project was to indicate the importance of the socio-hydrological approach on encouraging the revitalization practices of urban rivers with a focus on the Capibaribe River, Recife-PE. A literature review of the existing approaches in the world, in Brazil and in the city was conducted. A field research was also carried out in order to spatially identify the critical points of the Capibaribe River in Recife, from Torre / Santana neighborhoods to the river's mouth, in Recife neighborhood. It was identified the release of effluents, invasion of areas of permanent preservation, deposition of solid waste on the banks, creation of shrimp in ponds and areas of greater and lesser visibility of the banks, from an observer inside the river. Maps were created with the spatial distribution of these impacts. An analysis about the relationship that Metropolitan Region of Recife's citizens have with the Capibaribe River was also conducted. With this in mind, an online questionnaire was applied asking about activities already carried out in the water body, events attended, relationship with cultural and personal elements of respondents. The activities studied were: “Floco – A ver o rio”, “Bloco Galinha d’Água”, visit to Capibar and Catamaran ride. The resulting graphs showed a common tendency among the responses when comparing the events, however, the engagement for cleaning efforts was more expressive in Floco, while for Galinha d'Água, the number of responses “called friends to help". The vast majority of the interviewed would at least sign an online petition for “a cleaner river” and “a river more used for leisure”. Questions were also asked about people's opinions regarding the influence of poetry and music in the revitalization of urban rivers. The results showed that the vast majority of respondents believe that culture can positively influence this theme. Finally, the results were related to a systemic understanding of solutions aimed at revitalizing the Capibaribe River.

13
  • VINÍCIUS BELARMINO ALMEIDA
  • SHEAR-TORSION-BENDING INTERACTION IN RC BEAMS ACCORDING TO NBR 6118 AND AASHTO LRFD 2014

  • Líder : BERNARDO HOROWITZ
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • BERNARDO HOROWITZ
  • FERNANDO ARTUR NOGUEIRA SILVA
  • TIAGO ANCELMO DE CARVALHO PIRES DE OLIVEIRA
  • Data: 08-nov-2021


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Reinforced concrete beams are subjected to bending, torsion and shear simultaneously. The interaction of combined loading is complex and demands a unified model for analysis and design. Therefore, it’s common to use approximate procedures from technical standards or literature, that may lead to conservative or inconsistent results. This dissertation has created an automatic procedure to obtain a beam’s strength, according to the models taken from NBR 6118/2014 (variable angle truss model with parallel chords) and AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications 2014 (Modified Compression Field Theory). This algorithm has used an analogy that converts the resistance problem into a constrained optimization problem, generating an interaction surface that also displays the active constraints for each degree of interaction. Interaction surfaces were produced for three beams with experimental results available in the literature, plotting the tests data against the surface obtained by the standards. This document concluded that the proposed procedure was efficient and effective in predicting the beams’ resistance. The comparison between the interaction surfaces here generated and empirical data and other surfaces from the existing literature showed the procedure is consistent and its application simple and practical. The optimization approach guaranteed economical and safe results. The standards analysis demonstrated reasonably safe results in comparison with experimental data.

14
  • MIKHAEL FERREIRA DA SILVA SANTOS
  • SOIL-STRUCTURE INTERACTION: ANALYSIS OF A CASE OF WORK IN RECIFE, PERNAMBUCO

  • Líder : ROBERTO QUENTAL COUTINHO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ALEXANDRE DUARTE GUSMAO
  • BERNADETE RAGONI DANZIGER
  • BERNARDO HOROWITZ
  • ROBERTO QUENTAL COUTINHO
  • Data: 29-nov-2021


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • This dissertation presents a case of work contemplating an analysis of soil-structure interaction (ISE) in a building located in the city of Recife, state of Permanbuco. The study included an analysis of the behavior of the structure in two hypotheses, basically: non-displaceable supports (original design hypothesis) and considering a soil-structure interaction (ISE) through elastic supports. The building analyzed was the production engineering building located on the Recife campus of the Federal University of Pernambuco - UFPE, consisting of four floors, containing a teacher's room, computer labs, administrative rooms, meeting rooms and bathrooms, having an area built approximately 2,570 m². Initially, a linear elastic three-dimensional modeling in finite elements of the structure was performed, considering a hypothesis of non-displaceable supports, seeking to represent the loads of the original design, according to the load plan of the foundations. From this, the settlement estimate was performed using the method of Aoki-Lopes (1975) without considering the rigidity of the structure, based on the Substructure Method methodology. The methodology used by Aoki (1989; 1997) was used with the use of the Winkler spring model to consider a soil-structure interaction. Distorted settlements delivered with and without a soil-structure interaction are compared and accordingly in accordance with the state of the building, as inspected. It was evaluated how changes in the efforts of the parts follow in both analyzed hypotheses, as well as the influence of the ISE on the global stability parameters of the building, in particular, the Gamma-Z parameter. It was found that, even with the simplifications adopted and justified in the stages of the study, the results of the numerical analysis were able to explain the structural behavior of the building, where as a result of the analyzes they point to the importance of the soil-structure interaction for the geotechnical behavior and structural of the building.

15
  • HAYLLA REBEKA DE ALBUQUERQUE LINS LEONARDO
  • Performance of Ecological Roofs in Urban Area

  • Líder : SYLVANA MELO DOS SANTOS
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • CRISTIANE GUISELINI
  • JAIME JOAQUIM DA SILVA PEREIRA CABRAL
  • SYLVANA MELO DOS SANTOS
  • Data: 27-dic-2021


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The accelerated urbanization process in metropolises without adequate urban planning causes changes in the environment in urbanized areas, generating an increase in impermeable surfaces by the application of asphalt and synthetic materials, causing environmental phenomena in heat islands, in addition to an increase in the risk of flooding and the degradation of the water quality of water bodies present in urban areas. Green and ecological roofs stand out as a mitigation measure and a reduction in the increase in surface temperature in large urban centers, and in flooding problems in cities. The application of this technology associated with the principles of sustainability from the reuse and application of non-biodegradable materials, such as plastic materials from urban solid waste, maximizes the environmental benefits generated. So, this study aimed to analyze the thermal performance of the implementation of three prototypes, being an ecological roof, composed of reused materials, a green roof, and a conventional roof. The experimental unit is located in the city of Recife, in the University City, the data collected under each coverage in the period from April 2021 to June 2021 were analyzed. Data analysis technique was applied through electronic programming, using the Python language with the application of frameworks, and descriptive statistical analysis using the “Jupiter Notebook” and “Excel” software and platforms. The results highlighted that in the scope of the reduction of the internal ambient temperature, the green roof presented better performances than the ecological roof (Arrangements 1, 2 and 3), since the ecological one had the greatest potential for thermal conservation. The ecological roof (arrangement 1) stood out for reducing the temperature inside the environment by up to 4.49% when compared to the maximum outside temperature. The application of the ecological roof demonstrated conservation of the internal temperature of the environment under the roof, showing benefits in reducing the relative humidity of the air, especially on days when extreme rainfall events occurred.

Tesis
1
  • LYNEKER SOUZA DE MOURA
  • Use of Textile Treatment Sludge in Asphalt Coatings: A Mechanical, Microscopic and Environmental Analysis

  • Líder : ARNALDO MANOEL PEREIRA CARNEIRO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ARNALDO MANOEL PEREIRA CARNEIRO
  • ERIKA PINTO MARINHO
  • JORGE BARBOSA SOARES
  • LAURA MARIA GORETTI DA MOTTA
  • MAURICIO OLIVEIRA DE ANDRADE
  • Data: 21-jun-2021


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Textile sludge is an industrial waste that is difficult to treat and has a high cost of final disposal. However, when dry and ground, it acquires granulometric properties compatible with the filler additions used in road paving. Its incorporation to asphalt concrete was evaluated in mechanical, microscopic and environmental scopes. For this purpose, Marshall type dosages containing 2.0 to 5.0% of sludge and 4.5 to 6.5% of binder were carried out, aiming at a formulation with the maximum inclusion of the residue within acceptable parameters. Through the analyzes carried out, it is evident the potential efficiency of adding 2.0 to 3.0% of textile sludge in asphalt mixtures type “C” as a constituent material of the pavement, either with aggregates, or previously mixed with the binder. As for the viscosity of the binder modified by textile sludge, there was an increase in the viscosity of CAP 50/70 by up to 37% at 135 ºC and up to 28% at 177 ºC, which makes the binder less susceptible to thermal changes. There were no harmful effects on the tensile strength, permanent deformation and stiffness of the mixtures, remaining statistically equivalent to the reference sample, without sludge. The inclusion of textile sludge did not cause any damage to the durability of the asphalt concrete, verified through the cantabrotest and damage by induced humidity, in addition to demonstrating satisfactory adhesion, proven by microscopic analysis. As for fatigue resistance, the textile sludge did not present a deleterious effect on the asphalt coating in the 2.0% mixtures, with an increase of up to 38% in the number of cycles for mixtures with 3.0% textile sludge, being observed the direct addition to the binder. The results of permanent deformation indicate that the asphalt mixtures presented here are recommended for medium flow routes (N, between 3 × 106 and 1 × 107). Environmental analyzes of leaching, solubilization and microscopy indicate an effective trapping of textile sludge within the asphalt matrix. A simplified analysis of operational viability showed that it is possible to use up to 20t of textile sludge per km of paved road. Finally, it can be said that the results of this research ratify the applicability of the asphalt coating as a matrix for immobilizing waste, ensuring its effective apprehension, in addition to bringing mechanical benefits to the pavement, and environmental benefits to society

     

2
  • GABRIEL ARAUJO DE OLIVEIRA
  • Collaborative Spatial Information as Alternative Source of Observed Data in Hydrodynamic Models Calibration

  • Líder : JOSE ALMIR CIRILO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • IANA ALEXANDRA ALVES RUFINO
  • ADRIANO ROLIM DA PAZ
  • ALFREDO RIBEIRO NETO
  • JOSE ALMIR CIRILO
  • SUZANA MARIA GICO LIMA MONTENEGRO
  • Data: 25-jun-2021


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The research aims to explore the use of collaborative spatial data as an alternative source of observed data for the calibration of hydrodynamic models, specifically in the mapping of hydrological risk areas. The work is motivated by the multiple sources of uncertainties present in the hydrodynamic modeling, which highlights the relevance of the calibration and validation stages of the simulations. At the same time, the scarcity of observed data has been pointed out as one of the main limitations of the theme, so that information shared collaboratively can be considered a potential alternative source of information. For this, the following aspects are addressed in the work: development of a collaborative platform (mobile application) for the collection of flood marks; strategies that can be adopted to motivate and engage potential employees to carry out data collections; development of mechanisms for data consistency analysis; and, finally, the potentialities and limitations identified in the application of collaborative information as an alternative source of data observed for the calibration of hydrodynamic models. The results obtained validate the hypothesis that collaborative spatial data can be considered an alternative source of observed data for the calibration of hydrodynamic models. The simulations calibrated from collaborative data showed errors (RMSE) below 10 centimeters when compared to a reference simulation, in which the development of mechanisms for analyzing data consistency was fundamental for the performance of the results. Likewise, the developed application demonstrated good performance since it enabled the collection of collaborative data (flood marks), with users reporting its ease of use and absence of malfunctions. Finally, in relation to the motivation and engagement of employees, elementary school students showed greater performance in conducting data collection, while also observing the importance of carrying out direct mobilization actions, such as in-person workshops. Thus, the research hopes to contribute to the reduction of uncertainties in the mapping of hydrological risk areas, specifically with regard to the scarcity of data observed for the calibration and validation of hydrodynamic models.


3
  • LUIZ GUIMARAES RIBEIRO NETO
  • Quality of Service Index for Intermodal Urban Passenger Transport Systems 

  • Líder : MARIA LEONOR ALVES MAIA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • MARIA LEONOR ALVES MAIA
  • MAURICIO OLIVEIRA DE ANDRADE
  • LEONARDO HERSZON MEIRA
  • ILCE MARILIA DANTAS PINTO
  • BRUNO VIEIRA BERTONCINI
  • Data: 30-jun-2021


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • This research has as main objective to propose an index that allows to evaluate the quality of the service in intermodal systems of passenger transport in urban environment. Currently, the assessment standards formulated are based on specific transport modals and do not incorporate all the attributes necessary to complement an intermodal journey. The continuous analysis of the proposed index enables the selection of priorities and the consequent planning, implementation and evaluation of public policies that promote a more diversified passenger transport matrix, in which active modes, as well as collective forms of locomotion, are protagonists in the displacement of the population. Principal component analysis (PCA) was the method used to evaluate, weigh and aggregate the indicators constituting the standard presented. The attributes related to safety, availability and accessibility are pointed out by the researched public as the most relevant dimensions to evaluate the quality of the service provided. The application of the index in the region surrounding the Drowned Integration Terminal, in the city of Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil, reveals the difficulties faced by cyclists, pedestrians and people with reduced mobility to complement an intermodal journey in the area under analysis, which can result in longer and less comfortable journeys, which stimulate the reduction in the number of users of the public passenger transport system.

4
  • FERNANDHA BATISTA LAFAYETTE
  • PROPOSAL AND EVALUATION OF A MANAGEMENT MODEL FOR A RURAL WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM IN THE STATE OF PERNAMBUCO.

     
  • Líder : SUZANA MARIA GICO LIMA MONTENEGRO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • SUZANA MARIA GICO LIMA MONTENEGRO
  • MARIA DO CARMO MARTINS SOBRAL
  • JOSE ALMIR CIRILO
  • CARLOS DE OLIVEIRA GALVÃO
  • SONALY CRISTINA REZENDE BORGES DE LIMA
  • Data: 11-ago-2021


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The relentless search for the universalization of water supply services in Brazil is a long-standing challenge. For water resource managers, as well as public policy makers, ensuring a quality water supply in rural areas is a recurring challenge, especially due to the spatial distribution of diffuse communities. Another challenge is to promote the sustainability of these systems. In this scenario, this work aimed to present the water demand of the rural population, to propose hierarchy criteria for investments in the search for universal services, including suggesting the concept of Rural
    Concentration Index (ICR). Also to establish perspectives of the first SISAR in Pernambuco through SWOT analysis and, especially, to evaluate a model of shared management of water supply system in the rural area of the semi-arid region of Brazil, State of Pernambuco. The pilot project was evaluated in the Santo Antônio II community, in the municipality of Afogados da Ingazeira, and 24 parameters were
    evaluated for institutional performance, within the scope of operational, commercial and financial efficiency, of which only 2 were classified as bad, 62.5% had an excellent classification and 29.2% fair. In conclusion, the model presented a good institutional performance, and adequate operational, commercial and financial efficiency. In this way, the shared management model is recommended for replication, as it should also be strengthened in favor of the search for the universalization and sustainability of the water supply service in rural areas in Pernambuco.

5
  • LARISSA FERREIRA DAVID ROMAO BATISTA
  • CONCEPTUAL AND ANALYTICAL FRAMEWORK AS SUBSIDIES FOR FLOOD RISK MAPPING

  • Líder : ALFREDO RIBEIRO NETO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • ROBERTO QUENTAL COUTINHO
  • JOSE ALMIR CIRILO
  • ALFREDO RIBEIRO NETO
  • SIMONE ROSA DA SILVA
  • CARLOS RUBERTO FRAGOSO JUNIOR
  • Data: 27-ago-2021


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Floods are natural phenomena that create risk and possibly a disaster when encountering an exposed and vulnerable population. Understanding it is the first step to avoid it, or at least to mitigate its negative impacts. The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction (2015 – 2030) highlights the need to monitor, assess, understand and communicate risks, their causes, and consequences for management in facing the challenges of today and tomorrow. The structure established in this research navigates through the stages of quantitative risk analysis, based mainly on secondary data, communicating results graphically, and seeking to reduce the high demands for financial and human resources. A database that is easily standardized in a GIS environment, analyzing the performance of a flood control measure in possible damages estimation, and constructing risk curves at a local scale with a replicable methodology for other regional municipalities are some of the proposed issues. The hydrological modeling (HEC-HMS) and 2D hydrodynamics (HEC-RAS) enabled the simulation of 6 synthetic events in scenarios with and without the insertion of the important Serro Azul dam. Regarding the dam's influence, the estimated damage related to residential buildings reached a maximum reduction of 94%, while damage to the inventory reached a peak of 87%, both for more frequent events with return periods of 5 and 10-years. Through the methodology of this research, the annual benefits provided by the Serro Azul dam are estimated at 3.5 million reais a year for the residential sector. The presented maps graphically translate the values obtained with the indicators which were reclassified into easily recognizable categories. Thus, the methodology assembled and executed in this research provided risk analysis and curves for the municipality of Palmares, Pernambuco state.

6
  • ADOLPHO GUIDO DE ARAÚJO
  • METHODOLOGY FOR EVALUATING ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS IN URBAN ALLOTMENT WORKS IN THE PRE-CONSTRUCTION PHASE

  • Líder : RACHEL PEREZ PALHA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • RACHEL PEREZ PALHA
  • BRUNA SOARES FERNANDES
  • VIVIANE ADRIANO FALCAO
  • MARCELE ELISA FONTANA
  • RUSKIN FERNANDES MARINHO DE FREITAS
  • Data: 29-sep-2021


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The evolution of the construction industry was directed towards the economic development of the regions, without including environmental issues. However, urban infrastructure adaptations have become necessary to meet sustainability regulations. This study aimed at developing an objective methodology to apply to urban infrastructure activities to quantify environmental aspects in the pre-construction phase. The methodology of the study was in three phases: Preliminary Study, Model development and Method Validation. In the first phase were investigated: sustainability and construction industry, environmental assessment methods and environmental management standards / regulations. In the second phase, the construction activities of the infrastructure works and the environmental aspects were selected. And in the third phase, a matrix operation was designed with the vectors: gravity and duration. Finally, the predictive model was applied in the real case for the validation the numerical example. The constructive activities are earthworks, rainwater drainage system, water supply system, electrical energy system, paving and curbing. The ten environmental aspects selected were Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Energy Use, Water Pollution, Noise Pollution, Soil Pollution, Water Use, Total Suspended Particles, Resources use, Soil Change and Waste with quantification capacity and with the possibility of occurrence in the real case. The environmental criteria severity and duration were used as vectors of the matrix operation, revealing the Greenhouse Gas Emissions with the highest score (61 points) and the Construction and Demolition Waste (25 points) with the lowest score. In an innovative way, in this research the severity criteria was calculated for ten environmental aspects in six construction activities of urban infrastructure, using formulas applicable specifically to each environmental aspect, thus eliminating the subjectivity of the judgment. Possibly, for the first time, urban projects could be evaluated objectively based on a methodology for quantifying environmental aspects in the pre- construction phase.

7
  • FERNANDA CAVALCANTI FERREIRA
  • CONTRIBUTION TO THE STUDY OF THE BONDING MECHANISM OF GYPSUM PLASTER PASTE APPLIED ON POROUS SUBSTRATES

  • Líder : ARNALDO MANOEL PEREIRA CARNEIRO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • MARIA DO ROSÁRIO DA SILVA VEIGA
  • ARNALDO MANOEL PEREIRA CARNEIRO
  • KAROLINE ALVES DE MELO MORAES
  • VALDECIR ANGELO QUARCIONI
  • YÊDA VIEIRA PÓVOAS
  • Data: 25-nov-2021


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • The gypsum plaster has been gaining in construction. However, the literature on the bond of gypsum plaster paste systems is limited to small experimental investigations and the phenomenon of bond of the substrate-coating interface and its influential factors is not defined. In addition, NBR 13867 (1997), NBR 16618 (2017) and NBR 16689 (2019), aimed at internal plaster coating, present gaps in relation to the procedure for the execution of plaster coatings. Thus, the objective of this research is to contribute to the study of factors involved in bond and to the understanding of the bonding mechanism of coating systems executed in gypsum plaster paste on different porous substrates, evaluating the nature of the bond, through the conciliation of investigations at the microscopic and macroscopic level, with physical, chemical, mechanical and morphological characterization of the substrates, plaster pastes and paste- substrate interface, such as bond strength tests, analysis of coating systems interfaces through a magnifying glass, scanning electron microscope and petrographic analysis. The influence on bond of variables such as water/binder ratio (0.6, 0.8 and 1.0), base treatments (with or without pre-wetting, with and without roughcast) and types of bases (ceramic and concrete blocks, and concrete) was evaluated. With the analysis of the results, it is verified that the water/binder ratio, the type of base and the pre-treatment influence the bond strength.Thus, the objective of this research is to understand the bond mechanism of plaster coating systems and its intervening factors. The bond extension of the coatings is approximately 100%, regardless of the combined factors. As for the microstructure of the interface of the analyzed systems, based on the investigation carried out, the bond is predominantly mechanical, related to roughness.

8
  • MAYSSA ALVES DA SILVA SOUSA
  • Contribution to the Study of Fine-Grained Tropical Soils for Use in Road Paving

  • Líder : ROBERTO QUENTAL COUTINHO
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • LIEDI LÉGI BARIANI BERNUCCI
  • ANTONIO CARLOS RODRIGUES GUIMARAES
  • MAURICIO OLIVEIRA DE ANDRADE
  • ROBERTO QUENTAL COUTINHO
  • VERONICA TEIXEIRA FRANCO CASTELO BRANCO
  • Data: 22-dic-2021


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • According to data from the National Transport Confederation (CNT), the matrix for the transport of cargo in Brazil shows the country's preference for the road modal, characterizing it as the most representative nationwide. The road network is the most extensive among others in Brazil and due to this great demand for highways, it is common to build new roads or restore old roads and, in both cases, large volumes of materials are used to compose the pavement layers. This fact becomes a bottleneck for projects, since the current traditional soil classification and selection systems for paving (USCS and TRB) basically indicate only granular materials for such use. The road projects carried out in the state of Pernambuco still follow these procedures, which do not fit the reality of Brazilian soils, as they are based on standards developed for temperate soils. Thus, a large part of the soils available in the region are discarded or underutilized. However, over the decades, several researches have indicated the use of fine-grained soils that do not fit within the traditional selection criteria, but that present good mechanical performance. In this research sought to contribute to the evaluation of regional fine-grained tropical soils for use in road paving. For this, an extensive experimental campaign was carried out to analyze the geotechnical behavior of thirteen representative fine-grained soils of the Metropolitan Region of Recife (RMRecife) and a Brazilian Fine Soils Database (BDSF) was set up composed by sixty and seven materials from different regions of Brazil with various geotechnical parameters. The analyzes were conducted under physical, chemical and mineralogical aspects, as well as in the light of pavement mechanics, with the application of specific methodologies, such as MCT (M - miniature; C - compaction; T - tropical) and the Resilient Modulus (MR) and Permanent Deformation (DP) tests, used as a basis for the design of asphalt pavements by the new Brazilian Design Method (MeDiNa). Additionally, basics statistics, correlation, regression and multivariate techniques (Cluster Analysis) were used using Data Science tools to get correlations more completely. The results showed that fine-grained tropical soils (both from RMRecife and BDSF) are materials that present excellent mechanical behavior (high values of MR and low DP), meeting the standards required for a Primary Arterial System. As examples, the soils of RMRecife are mixed materials composed of high percentages of clay and sand, marked by the presence of non-expanding clay minerals, such as kaolinite and illite, with limonite grains in their coarsest fractions, among others characteristics that designate them as lateritic soils, well developed pedologically. In this context, this research contributed to the proposition of several road pavement structures validated by MeDiNa considering different types of materials and traffic levels - proving the technical feasibility of using fine-grained tropical soils, with advantage economic, by reducing costs with transport and acquisition of granular materials. Made application, dissemination and implementation of MeDiNa in the State of Pernambuco and built a database based on criteria of pavement mechanics. Genareted MR prediction equations as a function of the stresses acting on the structure of a pavement subjected to heavy traffic for RMRecife's LA' soils and multiple linear regression models for MR prediction considering specific variables geotechnics.

2020
Disertaciones
1
  • DANILO SILVA DOS SANTOS MARQUES
  • RECALQUE EM FUNDAÇÕES PROFUNDAS: análise da interação entre estacas de um edifício instrumentado do Recife

  • Líder : SILVIO ROMERO DE MELO FERREIRA
  • MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
  • SILVIO ROMERO DE MELO FERREIRA
  • BERNADETE RAGONI DANZIGER
  • ALEXANDRE DUARTE GUSMAO
  • Data: 23-oct-2020


  • Resumen Espectáculo
  • Provas de carga estática são uma das melhores formas de se conhecer o comportamento real do sistema estaca-solo. Frequentemente elas são tomadas como o comportamento real do desempenho final da edificação. No entanto, esse ensaio não contempla uma parcela importante do recalque da estrutura: a interação entre estacas pertencentes a um grupo. Dessa forma, o objetivo deste trabalho é estudar o comportamento das fundações de um edifício construído no bairro da Torre, Recife, para entender e buscar quantificar o fenômeno da interação entre estacas. A interação entre estacas foi calculada a partir da medição dos recalques aliada à quantificação do carregamento proveniente da superestrutura a cada uma de suas etapas. Para sua previsão foram utilizados métodos de retroanálise da prova de carga estáticas para mensurar o módulo de deformabilidade do solo com os métodos de Aoki e Lopes (1975), através de rotina elabora pelo autor, e Randolph e Wroth (1978) através da rotina PIGLET. O recalque do grupo foi ainda calculado pelo método do radier equivalente, sob proposta de Tomlinson (1983). Os valores de recalque absoluto, distorção angular e velocidade de recalque permanecem dentro do recomendado pela literatura técnica. No entanto, os resultados da comparação entre o recalque da estaca isolada e o recalque do grupo, mostraram que o valor dessa delação Rs para o edifício vale em torno de 11, ou seja, o recalque das estacas em grupo é 11 vezes maior do que da estaca isolada. A retroanálise dos parâmetros geotécnicos aliado ao método de Aoki e Lopes (1975) não quantificaram satisfatoriamente o recalque do grupo, enquanto utilizando o método de Randolph e Wroth (1978) se mostrou aceitável.

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