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1
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PEDRO AUGUSTO ALVES PRADO
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Use of Remote Sensing for Zoning Areas Susceptible to the Occurrence of Land Subsidence and Landslides
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Líder : SYLVANA MELO DOS SANTOS
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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ANDERSON LUIZ RIBEIRO DE PAIVA
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DIEGO CEZAR DOS SANTOS ARAÚJO
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JAIME JOAQUIM DA SILVA PEREIRA CABRAL
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Data: 30-ene-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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The increase in population and urbanization in a disorderly way result in several problems in the urban environment and in the environment, which causes the occurrence of phenomena such as land subsidence and landslides, which can cause serious damage to property and lives. The use of effective tools to determine the areas most susceptible to the occurrence of such phenomena makes it easier for the government to allocate resources more assertively. The methodology employed in this research seeks, through the use of open access databases, geoprocessing and remote sensing tools, the simplified and quick elaboration of maps that point out the areas most susceptible to the phenomena. The research was carried out considering the area of the city of Recife - PE, considering that in the planning areas the susceptibility to the occurrence of the land subsidence phenomenon was pointed out and in the hill areas, the susceptibility to landslides. For the plain areas, three parameters were checked: land use and occupation, concentration of wells in each neighborhood and tendency towards lowering or recovery of aquifer levels. In the hill areas, three parameters were also analyzed, the use and occupation of the land, the slope of the land and the number of residences that dispose of wastewater without using pipes in each of the neighborhoods. To obtain such data, information from the BDE, HIDROREC III, and images from the Sentinel-2A satellite and the Topodata project were used. Maps were generated determining the susceptibility of the areas for each of the criteria and later, to obtainthe patch maps, the map algebra method was used, which consists of assigning weights to each of the analyzed criteria and superimposing the different themes. As a result, two patch maps were obtained, one that determines the areas most susceptible to the phenomenon of land subsidence (map 1) and another for landslides (map 2). To validate maps 1 and 2, scientific productions and information recorded in the local media were used. For the plain areas, the neighborhoods of Casa Forte, Parnamirim, Tamarineira, Aflitos, Graças, Espinheiro, Derby, Paissandu and Soledade were the ones with the highest concentration of susceptibility indicators for the phenomenon, with a weight of 6 in the map classification. In the hill areas, the neighborhoods with the highest degree of susceptibility were: Brejo da Guabiraba, Córrego do Jenipapo, Nova Descoberta, Vasco da Gama, Alto José Bonifácio, Morro da Conceição, Alto José do Pinho, Alto Santa Terezinha, Linha do Tiro, Beberibe and Jordan. The low number of scientific productions and the absence of journalistic articles referring to the occurrence of subsidence in the city of Recife made it difficult to validate the patch map for subsidence. Hence, it was only possible to certify the occurrence of soil subsidence in the neighborhoods of Arruda and Campo Grande, identified as weight 4 on map 1. For map 2 (landslide) it was possible to find journalistic articles in the period between 2017 and 2022 for all neighborhoods classified with a weight of 6. In academia, it was also possible to identify great similarity when compared to more recent scientific productions. In view of the low cost of elaboration and the ease of obtaining data, the use of SR and GIS techniques, aligned with the use of open access databases, indicated that it is a good technology for the elaboration of susceptibility maps.
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2
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IGOR VASCONCELOS DE LACERDA
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Numerical Simulation of Compositional Flow in Petroleum Reservoirs Using a Fully Implicit Formulation
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Líder : PAULO ROBERTO MACIEL LYRA
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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FERNANDO RAUL LICAPA CONTRERAS
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MÁRCIO RODRIGO DE ARAÚJO SOUZA
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RAMIRO BRITO WILLMERSDORF
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Data: 30-ene-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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In the oil industry, the numerical simulation of reservoirs is a widely used tool to investigate the effect of different injection or production strategies, optimization of field production and evaluation of uncertainties, since the equations that govern the mathematical model of a reservoir cannot be solved by analytical methods for general problems. Of the most adopted fluid models, Black-Oil and compositional stand out. The Black-Oil model is widely used in the reservoir simulation due to its relative ease of implementation and relatively low computation-al cost. However, for the simulation of more complex problems, such as the application of Enhanced Oil Recovery techniques, volatile oil reservoirs (example of the Brazilian pre-salt) or condensate gas, it is necessary to apply the compositional model to achieve results more accurate and physically adequate. The solution of the compositional model involves a complex system of equations whose solution represents, until today, a great challenge from the computational point of view. Several solution algorithms arise from the combination of different primary variable selections and decoupling techniques. In this work, we present a Fully Implicit (FI) formulation using Cartesian meshes for the compositional simulation with the use of Equations of State (EOS) for modeling the phases behavior. We adopt the following assumptions: isothermal flow; there are up to three phases in the reservoir (water, oil and gas); there is no mass exchange between the water and hydrocarbon phases; capillary pressure and physical dispersion are neglected. For the diffusive terms of the equations describing the mathematical model, we discretize using the Finite Volume Method with the Two-Point Flux Approxima-tion (TPFA), while for the advective terms we apply the first-order upstream weighting. This simulator was created in an integrated environment together with other projects developed by members of the PADMEC group at UFPE. The Python language was used in the implementation, resorting to the vectorization of operations in the search for better computational performance. In this environment, two sequential formulations have already been elaborated (one IMPEC and one IMPSAT), and as a contribution to this work, a Totally Implicit formulation was added. Our formulation is evaluated by solving 1-D and 2-D problems found in literature and the results are promising, providing a basis for future implementation of more complex models, such as an expansion to non-isothermal formulation and suitability for implementation using unstructured meshes.
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3
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MARILIA MARQUES VELLOSO DA SILVEIRA
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Study of Co-digestion of Glycerol, vinasse, and Microalgae Applying Simplex Ccentroid Design
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Líder : MARIO TAKAYUKI KATO
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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CAMILA APARECIDA DE MENEZES
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LUCIANO MATOS QUEIROZ
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MAURICIO ALVES DA MOTTA SOBRINHO
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Data: 31-ene-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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In recent decades, waste production from biofuel industries and sewage treatment plants has increased significantly with the world's energy demand and population increase in many countries. In this scenario, the sustainable management of large amounts of waste also becomes increasingly challenging. In the present study, experiments were carried out with 300-mL anaerobic reactors for the co-digestion of glycerol (G), sugarcane vinasse (V), and microalgae biomass (M) in a single batch. The objective was to evaluate its potential for use in the production of products with added value, treating organic waste, and avoiding environmental pollution if disposed off improperly. The conditions for the mixtures were chosen through the centroid simplex experimental design, and all mixtures' metabolite concentrations were determined by liquid chromatography. Analysis of the concentration data resulted in two response surface models that describe the effect of substrate mix ratio on overall yield and concentration, respectively, of 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PDO) and acetic acid. The models obtained revealed that the yield of 1,3-PDO (mol 1,3-PDO.mol-1 gly) was influenced in different ways by varying the mixing proportions: test 4 (50%G; 50%V) (0.63); test 5 (50%G; 50%M) (0.47), and test 7 (33%G; 33%V; 33%M) (0.60). Practically, all tests had yields superior to test 1 (100%G) (0.42). An important occurrence was the elongation of the chain for valeric and caproic acids in tests 1, 2 (100%V), and 4. Although the binary and ternary mixtures were not synergistic, the concentration of acetic acid was higher mainly in the mixtures with the presence of glycerol and vinasse, tests 8 (66%G; 17%V; 17%M); 9 (17%G; 66%V; 17%M) and 5. This indicates that G, V, and M can be co-digested without compromising the overall yield of 1,3-PDO, making the application of co-digestion more flexible. Genera such as Actinobaculum, Clostridium, Parabacteroides, and Sporanaerobacter were predominant in the tests. Overall results suggest that anaerobic co-digestion is a viable means for the simultaneous treatment and recovery of mixtures of G, V, and M, which are important organic wastes.
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4
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ANDERSON MATHEUS DE SOUSA LIMA
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Safety Assessment and Computational Modeling in Pernambuco Dams
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Líder : ARTUR PAIVA COUTINHO
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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ALFREDO RIBEIRO NETO
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MARIA ISABELA MARQUES DA CUNHA VIEIRA BELLO
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SAULO DE TARSO MARQUES BEZERRA
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Data: 01-feb-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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Dams are infrastructures that, in general, serve the multiple uses of water resources, in which their implementation requires appropriate planning, compliance with legal requirements and a specially designed safety limit plan. In this sense, the objectives of this research were based on verifying the effect of different resolutions of digital terrain models (SRTM, PE3D 5m and PE3D 30m) in the flood spots of the hypothetical rupture of the Serra dos Cavalos and Guilherme Azevedo dams. In addition, analyze the security level in these and in other 36 (thirty-six) buses. In this context, a methodological path was followed that consisted in determining the rupture hydrographs of the Serra dos Cavalos dam and Guilherme Azevedo dam, whose entrepreneur is the Departamento Nacional de Obras Contra a Seca – DNOCS, observing the propagation of the flood wave that occurred after of the ruptures of these dams, mapping the potentially floodable places and, thus, comparing the flood spots produced through the digital models of the terrain. Modeling was performed using the HEC-RAS software. The second analysis regarding dam safety was focused on the application of the Dam Safety Index - ISB, proposed by Zuffo's methodology (2005), in dams under the jurisdiction of DNOCS in the state of Pernambuco, made possible through documents of the Agreement between this body and the Federal University of Pernambuco – UFPE, in 2021. In this way, the research found that because the Serra dos Cavalos dam is made of earth, the rupture of the breach takes time to happen, in relation to the Guilherme Azevedo Dam, in which the rupture of the breach occurs more quickly, since the final structure is made of concrete. (existence of another dam downstream). One can see the dimension of the impact on life that the floodplain can help to prevent, the most refined coming from the digital land model PE3D 5m, which indicates the smaller number of homes affected, possibly because it is more accurate in its resolution. Finally, with the application of the ISB, it was verified that more than half of the evaluated dams exhibited “unsatisfactory condition” in relation to safety, while the rest presented “deficient condition”. This work, then, verified that in the case of study of dam rupture for the elaboration of the PAE, a spatial resolution of 5 m is suggested for MDT's acquired through aerial surveys with LiDAR laser. Also, there is a warning about the dams analyzed, since the evaluation placed them between unsatisfactory and deficient conditions.
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5
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PEDRO VICTOR PAIXÃO ALBUQUERQUE
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Finite Volume Method with Muiltipoint Flux and Stress Approximations Using Harmonic Points for Solving Poroelasticity Problems
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Líder : DARLAN KARLO ELISIARIO DE CARVALHO
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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ALESSANDRO ROMARIO ECHEVARRIA ANTUNES
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IGOR FERNANDES GOMES
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LEONARDO JOSE DO NASCIMENTO GUIMARAES
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Data: 03-feb-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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Modeling physical phenomena and how they interact with each another is at the core of Science and Engineering. In the present work, the phenomenon of interest is the so called Poroelasticy, which is a field of science that studies the relationship between fluid flow and solid deformation within a porous media. This theory have several applications such as in Geotechnical and Petroleum Engineering, Hydrogeology and even in Medicine and Biology, to name a few. In the context of Petroleum Reservoir Engineering, until recently, the reservoir rocks mechanical response was neglected, to reduce simulations costs, since the main phenomena of interest was how the fluid flows inside the reservoir. The presence of a freely moving fluid in a porous rock modifies its mechanical response and, in return, this mechanical response influences the fluid flow inside the pore. The mathematical modeling of the aforementioned physical phenomena results in a set of partial differential equations which only have proper analytical solutions in simple, non-realistic cases. However, with the development of numerical and computational tools, approximate solutions can be obtained, thus allowing the understanding and prediction of the behavior of such physical phenomena. The mathematical model used in the present work is based on Biot's theory of poroelasticity with the following assumptions for the solid phase: Quasi-static loading; Plane Strain; Infinitesimal Strain; Isotropic Linear Elasticity; Compressible Solid Matrix and; Isothermal Deformation; and the following assumptions for the fluid phase: Single Phase Fluid; Slightly Compressible Fluid; Newtonian Fluid; Isothermal flow and; No gravitational effects. The set of Differential Equations were approximated via a unified finite volume framework, using a Multipoint Flux Approximation using Harmonic Points for both the fluid and solid equations, with a co-located variable arrangement and the Rhie-Chow interpolation, along with a Backwards Euler Scheme for temporal integration. The coupling between pressure and displacement was done via the fixed-strain split. The numerical modeling described in the present work is verified using benchmark problems found in the Poroelasticiy Literature. The results presented shows the numerical model is capable of producing robust and accurate approximated solutions, with both structured and unstructured meshes.
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6
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DANIELA DOS SANTOS SANTANA
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The Simplex Method for Substrate-Inoculum Design for Optimizing Biomethane Production fron Fruit and Vegetable Waste
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Líder : MARIA ODETE HOLANDA MARIANO
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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MARIA ODETE HOLANDA MARIANO
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ALESSANDRA LEE BARBOSA FIRMO
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LAIS ROBERTA GALDINO DE OLIVEIRA
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LILIANA ANDRÉA DOS SANTOS
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Data: 09-feb-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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Anaerobic digestion (AD) is one of the most widely used bioconversion technologies for the production of renewable energy from organic waste due to its ability to convert organic carbon into CH4 and CO2. Therefore, the aim of the present work was to quantitatively investigate the influence of inocula mixing on the digestion of fruit and vegetable waste (FVW) for enhanced biomethane production. The inocula mixture consisted of digestate from an anaerobic digester inoculated with anaerobic sludge from an AD plant, liquid biofertilizer, cattle rumen content and anaerobic sludge. The results show that digestion of FVW with an inoculum ratio of 25 %:75 % liquid biofertilizer and rumen fluid respectively, is an optimum for enhancement of biomethane production (453.12 Nml/gSV), while digestion with a ratio of 25 %:75 % liquid biofertilizer and digestate from a AD plant resulted in the lowest biomethane production (256.7 Nml/gSV). The overall results indicate that the presence of rumen fluid in the inocula mixture had a significant effect, a synergy between biofertilizer and rumen, on increasing biomethane production and anaerobic biodegradability of FVW and thus may contribute to higher efficiency in AD. While the presence of digestate in the inocula mixture had a negative effect, an antagonism between biofertilizer and digestate.
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7
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MARCO ANTONIO FIGUEIROA DA SILVA CABRAL
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A methodology for Assessing the Integrity of Corroded Pipelines Based on a Database
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Líder : RAMIRO BRITO WILLMERSDORF
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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RENATO DE SIQUEIRA MOTTA
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JOSE MARIA ANDRADE BARBOSA
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JOSE ANGELO PEIXOTO DA COSTA
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Data: 13-feb-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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Pipelines are one of the safest and cheapest means of transporting large amounts of oil and gas, making pipelines important to the industry. Corrosion is among the main causes of leaks in pipelines. This makes the structural integrity analysis of pipelines with corrosion defects of great importance for the industry. Among the forms of integrity evaluation are the semi-empirical methods, which have a low computational cost but have conservative results, and the numerical methods, which provide results close to the experimental ones but have a high computational and skilled labor cost. As an option to these methods, there are metamodels, which offer a low cost of evaluation and results close to those obtained experimentally. One problem in creating metamodels is the scarcity of quality data, such as finite element analysis results and experimental tests. In this context, the objective of this research is the development of a failure pressure prediction technology for corroded pipelines based on the results of numerical simulations stored in a database. A set of models was defined, with an idealized, simple, dimensions, and material curve. Finite element analysis was used to evaluate the models and the analysis results, along with model data, were stored in a database. Such a database can be accessed remotely through an API. These data can be used to estimate the failure pressure of new models that dimensionsare within the range of design variables. The finite element models were validated with experimental results found in the literature. The data present in the system were used to generate metamodels and the failure pressure prediction results were compared with results obtained through finite element analysis and semi-empirical methods. Furthermore, reliability analyzes were carried out, the results were compared against results obtained through standards and a study was realized to determine the influence of design variables in the computation of failure pressure. The results obtained through metamodels are more precise than those derived from semi-empirical methods and less expensive than those using finite elements.
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8
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ANNY VIRGÍNIA SOUZA DE LIMA
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Application of Machine Learning Techniques and Sensitivity Analysis of Injection Pressure in Reactivation of Geological Fault Zones Scenar
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Líder : LEONARDO JOSE DO NASCIMENTO GUIMARAES
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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BERNARDO HOROWITZ
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JONATHAN DA CUNHA TEIXEIRA
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MANOEL PORFIRIO CORDAO NETO
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Data: 15-feb-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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Geological faults are common structures in oil reservoirs that can act as channels facilitating flow or as sealing barriers. During hydrocarbon exploration, the pressure within the reservoir varies, causing a mechanical response in the medium that can lead to the phenomenon of fault reactivation. This occurs when rock deformations re-open the fault, increasing its permeability and allowing fluid flow. In this work, a sensitivity analysis was carried out to study the influence of different injection scenarios on deformation, shear stress, permeability, liquid pressure and fluid flow in geological fault zones. To do this, the CODE_BRIGHT software was used, a simulator based on the finite element method, where the hydromechanical coupling is done in an implicit way and the elastoplastic model used to represent the mechanical behavior of the fault was the Drucker Prager model. In addition, it was possible to implement machine learning algorithms such as Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) using the Mohr Coulomb analytical model to classify scenarios of reactivation of geological faults. These models were implemented in Python programming language with libraries already established in the literature for the mentioned methods. The results of the sensitivity analysis showed that increases in injection pressure are responsible for fault reactivation, associated with increasing plastic deformations and the development of pore pressure and fluid flow in the length of the fault. A limit was found for this injection pressure, which would not reactivate the fault. Higher injection pressures can turn the fault into a conduit that can lead to fluid loss and reservoir depressurization, among other problems related to fault reactivation. The fault reactivation classification models had excellent performance for both LDA and ANN and can be a preliminary approach to evaluate reactivation scenarios. They can also incorporate numerical solutions and laboratory data on geomechanical characterization to increase the complexity and generality of these techniques.
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9
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DANIELA MARIA FERNANDES TAVARES
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Performance Analysis of a Hydrological Model to Land Use Input Data Obtained through Vegetation Index for the Pajeú River Hydrographic Basin
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Líder : SUZANA MARIA GICO LIMA MONTENEGRO
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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ALFREDO RIBEIRO NETO
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JOSICLEDA DOMICIANO GALVINCIO
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RICHARDE MARQUES DA SILVA
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Data: 15-feb-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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The understanding and creation of land use data are fundamental for the integrated analysis and proposition of improvements of water management tools in a hydrographic basin. Distinguishing different land use patterns and how sensitive this factor is in hydrological models is extremely important to understand water dynamics, guarantee security and access to water. Thus, this work aimed to analyze land use products in the performance of simulations of surface flows in the area of the watershed of the Pajeú river, in the State of Pernambuco. To obtain land use maps for the years 2002 and 2015, a remote sensing technique was used, the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). For hydrological modeling of the basin, the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model was used for two stages: (i) simulation without parameter adjustment and (ii) simulation with adjusted parameters. For the first stage, two simulations were carried out, one for each land use map, and then it was analyzed which map had the best performance in simulating flow when compared to the observed data set (in situ). In the second stage, the parameter adjustment procedure was carried out in the SWAT-CUP, where the land use map that previously obtained the best performance was used, and finally the flow values were compared to the observed data set and the flow values obtained by the simulation of the SUPer. The results indicated that in relation to changes in land use, there was an increase in the area of exposed soil classes (2.83%) and undergrowth (12.96%) and a decrease in areas of shrubby vegetation (12.43%) and arboreal (3.12%) when comparing the 2002 and 2015 maps. The analysis of the model performance without parameter adjustment showed that the simulation with the input of land use from 2002 provided positive results for the five fluviometric stations (NS, PBIAS and R2). As for the 2015 land use map, the performance was not satisfactory, obtaining negative values for the fluviometric stations. The comparison between the SUPer simulation, the simulation for the 2002 land use map and the observed data (in situ) showed that for the five fluviometric stations the values obtained followed the same graphic behavior, however with statistical parameters varying downwards. The parameter adjustments step demonstrated that the model without calibration obtained positive responses for flow even with the variation of the land use input data. In general, the changes resulting from land use in the Pajeú river basin indicated an increase in areas with less dense vegetation, which may be an indication of biome degradation in the Pajeú river basin. In this context, it can be said that the use of vegetation indices as input for land use in the SWAT model showed a favorable behavior when compared to the observed data.
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10
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AGNES ADAM DUARTE PINHEIRO
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Anaerobic Codigestion of Algae Biomass and Vinasse for Methane Production
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Líder : WANDERLI ROGERIO MOREIRA LEITE
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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JORGE MANUEL RODRIGUES TAVARES
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FABRICIO MOTTERAN
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MARIA DO CARMO MARTINS SOBRAL
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Data: 23-feb-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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Microalgae are a promising substrate for energy recovery through methane production via anaerobic digestion. However, the resistance to hydrolysis due to the composition of the cell wall, and consequently the low carbon ratio (C/N) is considered one of the main limiting factors of its biodegradability. In this sense, to improve the C/N ratio and the biodegradability of algal biomass (BA), sugarcane vinasse (V) as a cosubstrate for anaerobic codigestion, aiming at an increase in methane (CH4) yield. Thus, tests of the biochemical methane potential (BMP) were carried out, designed to verify whether the mixture provided better stability and yield conditions. The co-digestion of the substrates provided a 120% increase in the CH4 yield and a 12% increase in the synergistic effect in relation to that obtained in the anaerobic digestion of algal biomass. From the BMP tests, the scaling of the co-digestion process was tested in a two-stage reactor system, an acidogenic reactor (RA) that had HRT and OLR of 4 days and 5.26 kg. m-3. d-1, and a methanogenic reactor with HRT and OLR of 22 days and 0.26 kg. m-3. d-1, respectively. In the two-stage reactors, three distinct phases were analyzed in an operational period of 270 days, anaerobic digestion of vinasse (Phase I), anaerobic co-digestion of V and BA (Phase II) and anaerobic co-digestion of V and pre-treated BA (Phase III). The addition of algal biomass, Phase II, provided an average VFA production of 4858.38 mg. L-1, higher concentrations achieved between the three phases. Biomass pre-treatment resulted in higher methane production in the RM during Phase III, with maximum values of 342 NmL CH4.gCOD-1ad, and average yield of 178 ± 66 NmL CH4.gCOD-1ad. Co-digestion with vinasse provided greater nutritional balance, and phase separation favored the formation of VFA and its conversion to methane. The pre-treatment of the biomass boosted the methanogenic reactions since the highest methane productions were obtained in this situation.
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11
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JAILSON SILVA ALVES
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Analysis of SAR Interferometry in Geotechnical Monitoring: Potentialities and Limitations
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Líder : ROBERTO QUENTAL COUTINHO
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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IGOR FERNANDES GOMES
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SAUL BARBOSA GUEDES
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WENDSON DE OLIVEIRA SOUZA
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Data: 23-feb-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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Interferometry is a SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar) radar image processing technique that allows obtaining Digital Elevation Models, surface displacement measurements and assistance for monitoring large areas and/or engineering constructions. In this sense, this paper aims to present and discuss the contributions of SAR interferometry (InSAR) for monitoring and geotechnical follow-up, highlighting its potentialities and limitations through the technical literature. In order to do that, literary research was carried out in a hybrid format, with a systematic review on the proposed theme, choosing concepts, formulations and aspects related to the operation of the technique and a bibliometric survey through the SCOPUS platform on InSAR applications with emphasis on monitoring geotechnical, choosing case studies from the literature in the areas of subsidence, slopes and dams. As a result, theoretical aspects of the operation of SAR radars are addressed, including their characteristics, orbital and terrestrial systems, types of imaging geometry and principles of image processing using interferometry. The analysis through the bibliometric review presents an overview of the publications in the last five years, showing the number of publications, the list of the most cited authors, as well as a technical approach to the current state of dissemination of the InSAR theme in geotechnics. Case studies in the literature with an emphasis on geotechnical applications allowed exploring the potential of InSAR, evidencing its capabilities for observing large areas, time series of long-term displacement, aptitude for composing monitoring programs, directing the implementation of instruments in situ and association of interferometric data with other types of data, such as weather. In addition to InSAR's capabilities, this paper also addresses some precautions when using the technology, highlighting its advantages, limitations and the tool's evolution prospects for geotechnics and other areas. From the study approach, it was possible to highlight technical aspects, as well as explore the field of possibilities of InSAR technology for traditional areas of study of geotechnics. In this way, the paper contributes to the understanding and dissemination of this knowledge, aiming to highlight InSAR characteristics for geotechnical monitoring systems.
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12
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ÁTALA REBECA DA SILVA ÁVILA
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Use of the Nutrients Contained in Treated Wastewater and Sludge for the Production of Essential Oils
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Líder : MARIO TAKAYUKI KATO
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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BRUNA SCANDOLARA MAGNUS
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KENIA KELLY BARROS DA SILVA
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RONALDO STEFANUTTI
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Data: 23-feb-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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Prolonged drought events and the need to reduce the use of mineral fertilizers have led farmers to seek more sustainable alternative cultivation techniques, among which is the use of treated wastewater and sanitized sludge in fertigation and organic fertilization, respectively, of crops. Aromatic herbs produce essential oils that are widely used in the industrial sector, in food, and in therapeutic treatments. Basil (Ocimum basilicum) is a world-renowned herb belonging to the Lamiaceae family. Basil leaves are employed in folk medicine as a remedy for various ailments, such as diarrhea, nausea, pain, and bronchitis. In addition, the essential oil extracted from basil contains active constituents with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties. Brazil is the leader in the exportation ranking of essential oil in volume. The objective of this research was to analyze the influence of the cultivation of basil limoncino in poorly fertile soil irrigated with treated wastewater and fertilized with sanitized sludge, in relation to the production and chemical composition of its essential oil. The experimental design was in randomized blocks and the planting took place in a greenhouse. A nutrient-poor soil was used and traditional chemical fertilization was performed for a control treatment and fertilization with sanitized sludge (biosolids). Irrigation management was done by checking soil moisture by matricial potential, using puncture tensiometers, using treated sewage and water supply. The plants were harvested 91 days after sowing, and the essential oil was extracted from the basil leaves by hydrodistillation using a Clevenger apparatus. From the analysis of the results of nutritional composition, morphology, health, yield and composition of the essential oil of basil leaves, it can be said that the use of treated wastewater and biosolids are a way to reduce spending on chemical fertilizers and contribute to sustainable agricultural management, since part of the parameters studied remained linear while others improved compared to traditional basil cultivation.
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13
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HANNA BARRETO DE ARAÚJO FALCÃO MOREIRA
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GNSS Positioning in Geotechnical Monitoring: Applications, Advantages, Limitations and Trends
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Líder : ROBERTO QUENTAL COUTINHO
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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IGOR FERNANDES GOMES
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SAUL BARBOSA GUEDES
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WENDSON DE OLIVEIRA SOUZA
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Data: 24-feb-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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The positioning method with GNSS is shown to be a viable alternative for monitoring displacements on the Earth's surface. Therefore, the objective of this work was to present the functioning and operation of this monitoring technique, as well as its applicability in the geotechnical monitoring program, to be used on slopes, subsidence areas and dams. The research was developed through the analysis of technical publications, in a hybrid way, that is, a literature consultation to establish important concepts, highlighting the functioning and operation of the positioning method with GNSS, as well as a bibliometric review in the database of the Scopus, with scientific articles on its application for monitoring slopes, subsidence and dams. Initially, theoretical concepts about GNSS are presented, in particular about the types of existing constellations, the associated errors, the positioning methods, in order to establish a foundation for the applications. The bibliometric review presented, in a quantitative way, the articles that were published in the last five years, the institutions involved, and the related journals, among others. From then on, there is an analysis of the publications, and it is possible to highlight that the positioning method with GNSS allows the measurement of surface displacements in a remote, automated and real-time way, providing readings for the three directions in short time intervals and with high precision, being able to be integrated with other instruments (rain gauge) and with a control and warning system. This work also presents some contributions with regard to care for the use of the technique, advantages and limitations, and trends in advance to improve positioning and accuracy methods. Therefore, this work seeks to add knowledge of the GNSS positioning technique, also demonstrating the applications in the geotechnical environment.
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14
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HITALO JOSÉ TAVARES DE ARAÚJO
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Influence of the Use of Tire Fibers on Hydromechanical Behavior and Mitigation of Crack Propagation in Expansive Soil
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Líder : SILVIO ROMERO DE MELO FERREIRA
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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JOAQUIM TEODORO ROMAO DE OLIVEIRA
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MARIA ISABELA MARQUES DA CUNHA VIEIRA BELLO
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MARIA ODETE HOLANDA MARIANO
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Data: 24-feb-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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Expansive soils stand out as some of the most problematic soils due to the great possibility of causing pathologies in constructions due to their nature of volumetric change with the variation of their humidity. The use of soil stabilization techniques to change their unwanted geotechnical characteristics is necessary. The incorporation of tire fiber in the soil has proved to be an interesting option as it makes it possible to reuse tires improperly discarded in nature. The aim, therefore, in this work, is to analyze the mitigation capacity of the volumetric changes and deleterious cracks that can appear in an expansive soil of Paulista-PE with the insertion of tire fibers with mixtures of 0.25%, 0.5%, 1% and 2% in relation to the dry soil weight. The research program included the preparation, physical characterization and investigation of the hydromechanical behavior of natural soil samples and mixtures with tire fibers, verifying changes in soil properties. Comparing with natural soil, all tire fiber contents maintained the same order of magnitude of 10-8 cm/s for hydraulic conductivity. In the squeeze-flow test, at the liquid limit humidity, the yield stress and initial stiffening stress, with the 2% content, obtained the highest values: 7.75 and 3.67 times above. At the plasticity limit humidity, the highest value of the initial stiffening stress occurred with 1%: 2.37 times greater. The “free” expansion had the lowest value in the 2% content samples: a reduction of 23.56%. The expansion stress had the lowest value with a content of 1%: 19.53% lower. The unconfined compressive strength had a higher value with 1%: an increase of 19.46%. For tensile strength, the 2% content had the highest value: 31.32% above. The 2% content obtained the highest shear strengths for all normal stresses. For 200 kPa, it increased by 7.23%. Mixtures with fibers, in general, retained more water than the natural soil for the same suction value. In the drying cracking tests, the 1% sample resulted in a greater reduction in the cracking intensity factor (CIF): 21.16% lower. Therefore, the inclusion of tire fibers promoted improvements in important geotechnical characteristics of the expansive soil, as well as a significant reduction in soil cracking.
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15
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SILVÂNIO DA SILVA SOUSA SEGUNDO
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Evaluation of Contamination in the Maceió River (Pitimbu/PB)
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Líder : MAURICIO ALVES DA MOTTA SOBRINHO
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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JAIME JOAQUIM DA SILVA PEREIRA CABRAL
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CLAUDIA DE OLIVEIRA CUNHA
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MARISETE DANTAS DE AQUINO
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Data: 24-feb-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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In this work, the analysis of the conditions of the physical-chemical parameters of the waters of the Maceió River, Pitimbu/PB, an important watercourse that crosses the city and its main points, will be carried out, as well as the presence of microplastics will be analyzed, with their due characterization, in the sands of the beach of the municipality, adjacent to the mentioned river. The indices of color, turbidity, oxygen demand (BOD), pH, conductivity, among others, will be analyzed. The municipality lacks basic sanitation services, in addition to disposing of its solid waste in an old dump, its waters are constantly polluted by the local population, which discards all kinds of material in the watercourse, from organic materials to appliances and furniture. The strong population and urban growth, linked to the increase in seasonal tourism, especially in the summer months, registered in the region, call attention to the need to characterize and treat this body of water and to control pollution by micropollutants on the city's beaches.
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16
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BARBARA VIANA BEZERRA NOBRE
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Hydrological Modeling Applied to the Evaluation of Water Synergy in Castanhão Reservoir
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Líder : JOSE ALMIR CIRILO
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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ANDERSON LUIZ RIBEIRO DE PAIVA
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ARTUR PAIVA COUTINHO
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SAULO DE TARSO MARQUES BEZERRA
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Data: 24-feb-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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This research applies the CAWM IV hydrological model to forecast the input of flows in key reservoirs in the state of Ceará, Brazil, inserted almost entirely in the Polygon of Droughts, as defined by SUDENE. Based on its proven performance for arid and semi-arid regions, and already used in several researches and projects developed for the Brazilian Northeast, this model was considered prominent for the purposes of this study. The aim is to determine the volume of natural flows that rush into reservoirs, such as Atalho, Orós and Castanhão reservoir system, to, in sequence, apply the model of reservoirs operation CAROS, in order to calculate the water synergy resulting from the volumetric contribution of exogenous waters from the watershed basin of São Francisco River. For this purpose, eight hydrographic sub-basins of the state of Ceará were modeled, covering the transposition of the waters of the São Francisco up to the Metropolitan Region of Fortaleza (RMF). The results obtained with the CAWM IV were satisfactory, with emphasis on medium and high flows. Although the calculation of water synergy corresponds only up to Castanhão reservoir, it can be extended to the system of reservoirs that supply the RMF in an integrated manner. The simulations showed a synergistic gain between 700 and 850 hm³ per year, as well as an increase in the regularized average flow, corresponding to results previously found by other authors. The evaluation of the modeling results took place through statistical coefficients that related the observed and calculated flows, such as the determination coefficient (R²), Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient (NSE), trend percentage (Pbias) and error indexes (RMSE , MAE and RSR). Through the analysis of the Castanhão reservoir, this research aims to demonstrate the synergistic gain of the transfer of the waters of the São Francisco in the regularized flows, resulting from the reduction of the spilled and evaporated volumes.
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17
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JÉSSICA CAMILA DO NASCIMENTO ROCHA
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Disinfection of Aanaerobic Ssanitary Wastewater with Chlorine: Trihalomethane Formation and Microbial Inactivation
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Líder : MARIA DE LOURDES FLORENCIO DOS SANTOS
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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BRUNA SCANDOLARA MAGNUS
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JOSE ROBERTO SANTO DE CARVALHO
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MIGUEL MANSUR AISSE
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Data: 27-feb-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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Chlorine is one of the most used chemical agents during the disinfection process. However, the disinfection ofsewage is not yet a Brazilian reality. Low investments in basic sanitation combined with centralized treatment systemscontribute to the non-universalization of sewage services in Brazil. Therefore, the search for innovative andcompetitive technologies with conventional methods constitutes an important step to spread disinfection in WWTPs.In this sense, electroactivated water (EAW), produced by electrolysis of a brine, has emerged as a suitable alternativefor this purpose. This oxidizing solution is composed of sodium hypochlorite, hydrogen peroxide and ozone. Inaddition to the high efficiency in microbial inactivation, EAW does not have additional costs with transport and storageof chemical products, as it is produced at the place of use and the only necessary inputs are water, salt and energy. However, chlorination triggers the formation of DBPs, compounds formed from the interaction of halogens (chlorine,iodine or bromine) with organic matter. These compounds have carcinogenic, genotoxic and mutagenic potential.Thus, this work aimed to study the feasibility of applying this sanitizer in domestic sewage. For this, ideal operatingconditions were optimized in jar tests to determine the effects of sanitizer type and dosage and contact time. Theformation of DBPs, microbial inactivation and physical-chemical characteristics were monitored during the disinfectionprocess. The redox potential increased in almost all assays. Conductivity increased after chlorination, except whenusing EAW. The turbidity reduced significantly. TS raised specifically for EAW. As for the TSS, the values suffered asignificant drop compared to the initial state. For COD, it is possible to perceive differences between twoquantification methodologies used: in one, there was an increase in COD, while in the other it remained stable ordecreased. For ammoniacal nitrogen, it was possible to notice that there was consumption of the same by chlorine,forming chloramines. As for chlorides, there was a great discrepancy in the use of EAW compared to other oxidants.As for THM, it was possible to observe that all disinfectant agents presented the formation of the main THMs reportedin the literature. TCM was the by-product generated in greater quantity. As for microbial inactivation, all three oxidantsshowed satisfactory results. In short, EAW proved to be a very competitive chemical oxidant with commerciallyavailable chemical agents.
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18
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KLEYTON MICHELL NUNES DE SOUZA
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Evaluation Model of BIM Maturity in Public Education Institutions
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Líder : RACHEL PEREZ PALHA
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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ANALICE FRANCA LIMA AMORIM
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CRISTIANA MARIA SOBRAL GRIZ
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REGINA COELI RUSCHEL
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Data: 28-feb-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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Building information modeling (BIM) strengthens the competitivity and efficiency of users. Owing to it benefits and following international tendencies, the Brazilian government has regulated the implementation of BIM in the federal public administration, including federal education institutions. Therefore, an evaluation of the level of BIM use in institutions is necessary to optimize the distribution of implementation efforts; in this regard, BIM maturity models are a viable solution to elaborate an institutional planning on BIM implementation. However, the models found in the literature do not holistically evaluate teaching institutions, which are responsible for the academic formation as well as development of internal projects; such activities are often similar to those of companies that focus on projects, monitoring, and building maintenance. The present study was conducted based on a design thinking approach, and aimed to develop a tool to measure BIM maturity in teaching institutions, contributing to BIM implementation and improvement of BIM maturity evaluation. The model was applied in two teaching institutions for validation and the results indicated it is a practical and advantageous tool for the strategic development of BIM implementation.
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19
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MARIA EDUARDA BEZERRA LEITE DE QUEIROZ
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Autogenous and Drying Shrinkage in High Strength Mortars with Activated Slag and Polypropylene Microfibers
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Líder : ANTONIO ACACIO DE MELO NETO
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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ROMILDE ALMEIDA DE OLIVEIRA
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ROMILDO MORANT DE HOLANDA
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YÊDA VIEIRA PÓVOAS
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Data: 17-mar-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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Alkali-activated binders have been increasingly studied because they have similar mechanical performance and emit less carbon dioxide compared to Portland cement. However, there are still some barriers to enable the use of activated slag on a large scale, such as its intense shrinkage. In this context, the present work was based on the analysis of the mechanical behavior of slag mortars activated by sodium silicate, using addition of polypropylene fiber (PP). Different contents of polypropylene fiber (0.1%, 0.2% and 0.3%) were tested for each water/binder ratio (0.40, 0.48 and 0.56). The study of drying and autogenous shrinkage for 56 days stands out, the latter with little exploration in the literature. In addition, tensile and compressive strength tests were carried out at 1 day, 3 days, 7 days and 28 days with specimens in submerged cure, and scanning electron microscopy tests on samples tested at 28 days of cure. The results showed that the insertion of polypropylene microfibers caused a decrease in autogenous and drying shrinkage in mortars. Regarding the water/binder ratio, it was also observed that the higher this ratio, the greater the autogenous and drying shrinkage. On the other hand, conflicting results were observed in tensile strength, where the influence of the fibers was not clear. In compressive strength, no improvement was observed as the fiber content increased. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the fibers ruptured without detaching the alkali-activated matrix and that they may have been slightly degraded by the high alkalinity of the mortar. Finally, it could be concluded that the use of polypropylene microfibers in mortars with activated slag led to a mitigation of autogenous and drying shrinkage for water/binder ratio 0.40 and 0.48, showing low performance for water/binder ratio 0.56. Even so, the use of microfibers to combat shrinkage proved to be a viable way to make alkali-activated mixtures viable for large-scale applications.
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20
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IGOR VIEIRA FERNANDES
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Evaluation of the Pozolanicity of the Sludge Coming From the Textile Industry Effluent Treatment Station for Use as a Supplementary Cementitious Material
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Líder : ANTONIO ACACIO DE MELO NETO
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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MAURO MITSUUCHI TASHIMA
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ANA MARIA GONÇALVES DUARTE MENDONÇA
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ALINE FIGUEIREDO DA NÓBREGA
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ANTONIO ACACIO DE MELO NETO
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Data: 21-mar-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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The environmental impact caused by the Local Productive Arrangement (APL) of the Confection of the State of Pernambuco in the generation of solid waste is the main problem that motivated this study. Most laundries located in the APL do not correctly dispose of the waste generated, with textile sludge (LOTex) commonly dumped in landfills without any kind of treatment. This research aims to evaluate the pozzolanicity of LOTex for its use in the partial replacement of cement. This possible solution could contribute to reducing the storage of this waste and, consequently, reducing carbon dioxide emissions resulting from the manufacturing process of Portland cement. The sludge was collected at the APL in Pernambuco and submitted to processing through grinding and calcination. A part of the collected ma- terial was not submitted to calcination, being denominated as in nature , and another part was calcined at temperatures of 600, 700, and 800oC. For analysis of the specific area, the in nature and calcined samples were subjected to milling and classified according to the fineness range: unmilled, 600, 900, and 1200 m2/kg. According to the results of the pozzolanic activity index with hydrated lime (NBR 5751), only the samples calcined at 600oC with Blaine finenesses of 900 m2/kg and 1200 m2/kg obtained com- pressive strength above 6 MPa, which can be considered as a material with pozzolanic potential. In the pozzolanic activity index test with Portland cement (NBR 5752), all calcined samples with Blaine fine- nesses of 900 m2/kg and 1200 m2/kg demonstrated pozzolanic potential by obtaining indices above 90% of the reference strength obtained only with Portland cement. In both pozzolanicity indexes, it was observed that this property was favored with the calcination and with the increase of the specific surface of the samples. Corroborating the results obtained in the indices, the X-ray diffraction (DRX) and ther- mogravimetry (TG) tests confirm the increase in calcium hydroxide (CH) consumption, which charac- terizes a pozzolanic reaction. In the analysis of the intensity of its characteristic peaks (18° and 24°2Ɵ) in the XRD test, the results demonstrate the increase in calcium hydroxide (CH) consumption through the decrease in the intensity of its characteristic peaks and the formation of compounds hydrated. In the TG, analogous to the results of the XRD, the consumption of CH was observed through the reduc- tion of the peak in the range of 400 to 600oC. According to XRD and TG results, the best performance was obtained in samples calcined at 600oC. The correlation between the direct methods (NBR 5751 and NBR 5752) was less evident than the direct methods, possibly due to the filler effect observed in NBR 5752. The correlation between the direct methods (XRD and TG) was evident since both are direct measures of calcium hydroxide consumption. Within the limitations of this research, it demonstrates the viability of LOTex as an alternative material to be used as an addition to Portland cement with proper heat treatment and adequate grinding.
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21
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BARBARA CONCEICAO DA ROCHA ANDRADE
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"Análise da Aceitação Pública sobre as Principais Barreiras à Implantação de Pedágio Urbano para Melhoria da Mobilidade no Brasil"
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Líder : LEONARDO HERSZON MEIRA
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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MAURICIO OLIVEIRA DE ANDRADE
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ANISIO BRASILEIRO DE FREITAS DOURADO
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DANNUBIA RIBEIRO PIRES
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Data: 31-mar-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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O congestionamento do tráfego em decorrência do alto índice de motorização tem causado prejuízos ambientais,econômicos e sociais em grandes cidades. Conforme a população urbana cresce, torna-se mais urgente encontrarsoluções sustentáveis para esse problema. Uma vez que o espaço físico é limitado, a expansão da infraestruturaviária não consegue mais suprir a demanda de viagens. São necessárias medidas de gerenciamento de tráfego que ao mesmo tempo desencoraje o uso do transporte individual motorizado e incentive a utilização dos modos detransporte ativos e públicos. O pedágio urbano é uma alternativa econômica para o gerenciamento do tráfego eredução de congestionamentos. Essa medida consiste no pagamento para acessar uma área ou passar por umtrecho da cidade congestionado. No entanto, mesmo com os exemplos bem-sucedidos em Singapura, Londres eEstocolmo, o pedágio urbano ainda é uma medida difícil de ser implementada pela rejeição pública e políticaimposta. Por isso, o objetivo desta dissertação é avaliar a opinião pública sobre a implementação do pedágio urbanono Brasil e analisar quais fatores podem ser considerados barreiras à implementação dessa política no país. Paraalcançar o objetivo, foi elaborado um questionário online destinado a moradores de cidades grandes, acima de 500 mil habitantes, ou regiões metropolitanas brasileiras. Após a coleta dos dados, foram realizadas umaanálise descritiva e uma análise de regressão logística binária no Software R. A amostra analisada pode sercaracterizada majoritariamente como usuária de carro. Mesmo assim, a maioria dos respondentes, cerca de 79%,afirmou que deixaria sim de utilizar o carro para enfrentar menos congestionamentos. E, mais ainda, 89%declararam que utilizaria com maior frequência o transporte público, caso o serviço melhorasse. Sendo assim, investimentos emelhorias nos serviços de transporte público podem ser considerados um primeiro passo para iniciar o debatepúblico sobre a implementação do pedágio urbano no Brasil. Quanto à disposição ou não em pagar para enfrentarmenos congestionamentos, por meio do modelo de regressão logística binária, foram identificados duas variáveisestatisticamente significativas. A percepção positiva do pedágio urbano e a consciência de responsabilidade pelapoluição que produzimos foram os dois fatores mais influentes. Ou seja, a probabilidade de alguém estar disposto apagar para enfrentar menos congestionamentos é maior quando a pessoa percebe a medida como eficaz e acreditaque é justo nos responsabilizar financeiramente pela poluição que produzimos diariamente. Com isso, destacou-se acomunicação e a transparência como pontos fundamentais para um processo de implementação bem-sucedido depedágio urbano no Brasil.
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22
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PLINIO CAMPOS DE ASSIS NETO
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Use of Vermiculite in the composition of the inert fraction of Mortars: Study of the anhydrous, fresh,hardened and thermal properties of Mortars
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Líder : ARNALDO MANOEL PEREIRA CARNEIRO
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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ARNALDO MANOEL PEREIRA CARNEIRO
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ERIKA PINTO MARINHO
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KAROLINE ALVES DE MELO MORAES
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JOSE GETULIO GOMES DE SOUSA
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Data: 27-abr-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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The climate changes caused by industrial activities have been generating thermal discomfort in the world population, thus the search for air conditioners is increasing steadily. However, the use of these devices leads to higher energy consumption in buildings. Therefore, public policies have been created to establish minimum parameters to improve the thermal performance of buildings, such as Law No. 10.295 and NBR 15.575/2013. The construction industry constantly seeks solutions to meet the requirements of these laws, one of the possibilities is the use of cementitious composites with low specific weight, such as thermal mortars, which reduce the heat flow of a sealing element between two environments, this allows reducing the use of cooling equipment. Studies on thermal mortars suggest the use of vermiculite in mortars as a solution to reduce heat flow in walls, however vermiculite is a lightweight aggregate with high water absorption, the use of it in coating mortars causes a loss of workability compared to traditional mortars. Given this, this study sought to analyze the particle size composition of the inert fraction of mortars produced with vermiculite and the influence of this parameter on the anhydrous, fresh, hardened and thermal properties. Through the state of the art study, the basic trait of this research and the percentages of vermiculite used were determined, thus the mortars produced in this study presented a trait 1:1:6 (cement: lime: aggregate) in volume and the sand was partially replaced by vermiculite in the proportions of 20%, 40% and 60%, and the influence of particle size and hydration state of the lightweight aggregate was evaluated, for this purpose vermiculites with fine and super fine particle size grading were used, and in the dry and wet state. Based on the properties of the materials used, the consumption in mass for each component of the mortars was found, and the amount of water was determined from the spread obtained on the consistency table. In the fresh state the water consumption required to obtain a 260 ± 5 mm spread, incorporated air content, density in the fresh state, and water retention were studied. In the hardened state, mechanical resistance, water absorption by capillarity, bulk density, void index, thermal conductivity, heat transfer rate and thermal transmittance were evaluated. Based on the results collected, the mortar with 60% super fine dry vermiculite stands out as having the most satisfactory thermomechanical performance.
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23
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SOFIA XIMENES LOPES
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Evaluation of Alkali-activated Mortars with Incorporation of Expanded Vermiculite
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Líder : ANTONIO ACACIO DE MELO NETO
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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ANTONIO ACACIO DE MELO NETO
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JOAO MANOEL DE FREITAS MOTA
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ROMILDO MORANT DE HOLANDA
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YÊDA VIEIRA PÓVOAS
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Data: 28-abr-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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The considerable increase in CO2 emissions and the high consumption of natural resources have motivated the search for sustainable processes and materials. In particular, the construction industry has been focus of several studies because of its high energy consumption and significant CO2 emissions. Several materials have been evaluated to totally or partially replace cement, such as blast-furnace slag, an industrial byproduct. The use of slag in cement can be a sustainable alternative to the disposal of this material, and lead to reductions in clinker demand and CO2 emissions. The use of alternative aggregates is another approach frequently adopted to reduce the consumption of natural and energy resources. In this regard, vermiculite is an option owing to its availability and excellent acoustic and thermal insulation properties. Despite the advantages of using slag, systems containing this material exhibit high shrinkage, which may favor the ingress of aggressive agents. Therefore, this phenomenon must be studied to enable the widespread use of slag as a binder. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of vermiculite partially replacing fine aggregate in alkali-activated slag mortars, particularly focusing on shrinkage. Tests in fresh and hardened states were performed to quantify the influence of vermiculite in different mixtures. The results indicated that the use of vermiculite for the same water/binder ratio of 0.48 resulted in a reduction of the consistency index of mixtures, reduction of density in fresh state of up to 2.86%, increase of the incorporated air content (up to 91%), increase of the capillary absorption of 40.88%, and reduction of the compressive strength of up to 34.73%. Considering shrinkage results, a considerable reduction of autogenous shrinkage was observed; as for the drying shrinkage, an increase was obtained for mixtures in which dry vermiculite was used, directly proportional to the percentage adopted, whereas a decrease was observed for mixtures in which vermiculite in saturated condition was used. From the results obtained, the viability of using vermiculite as a reducing agent of the shrinkage phenomenon in alkali-activated slag mortars was confirmed.
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24
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MARTHA MARIA BEZERRA SANTOS
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Influence of the Insertion of the Cocoa Almond Hull in the Hydraulic, Mechanical Behavior and in the Fissuration Process of an Expansive Soil
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Líder : SILVIO ROMERO DE MELO FERREIRA
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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JOAQUIM TEODORO ROMAO DE OLIVEIRA
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MARIA ISABELA MARQUES DA CUNHA VIEIRA BELLO
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SILVIO ROMERO DE MELO FERREIRA
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SÉRGIO CARVALHO DE PAIVA
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Data: 07-jun-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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The main residues generated by the cocoa agro-industry consist mainly of the fruit husk (six tons for each ton of almonds) and the almond husk (between 8,000 and 12,000 tons per year). Bahia is a major producer of cocoa and the volume of this residue tends to increase. Furthermore, the state presents the occurrence of expansive soils, such as massapê. Thus, we seek to analyze the possibility of stabilizing an expansive soil that, for the purposes of the study, was used in the soil of Paulista-PE, with the shell of the cocoa bean. Laboratory tests were performed on compacted samples of natural soil, and mixtures of soil with bark, in weight proportions of 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, 10% and 12.5%. Tests of: particle size, grain density, consistency limits, compaction, hydraulic conductivity, free expansion, expansion stress, squeeze flow, simple and diametral compression, direct shear, formation and propagation of cracks and suction by drying were carried out. The hydraulic conductivity reduces from the order of 10-9 cm/s to the order of 10-11 cm/s with the mixtures of 7.5%, 10% and 12.5%. The mixture of soil + 10% bark presents the best result, reducing the “free” expansion of the natural soil from 12.50% to 8.90% and reducing the expansion stress by 71.36%. The cocoa bean shell in the soil does not improve the resistance to simple compression and tensile by diametral compression. Cohesion decreases and the friction angle of mixtures also decreases. The addition of bark to the soil causes the cracking process to occur faster, decreases the final cracked area (80.55% for the soil mixture + 12.5%) and increases the suction of air and moisture intake of saturation. The inclusion of cocoa bean husk in the high expansion compacted soil of Paulista-PE reduces “free” expansion (29%) and expansion stress (80%). As the addition reduces the permeability coefficient by about 100 times, increases the humidity of the air inlet, reduces the cracked area, a viable application is covering a sanitary landfill.
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25
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RAFAELLA DE MOURA MEDEIROS
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Influence of the Use of Organic Compound on Geotechnical Properties for Application in Coverage Layers of Final Disposal of Solid Waste
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Líder : JOSE FERNANDO THOME JUCA
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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MAURICIO ALVES DA MOTTA SOBRINHO
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FERNANDO ANTONIO MEDEIROS MARINHO
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MARIA DO SOCORRO COSTA SÃO MATEUS
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Data: 14-jun-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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Brazil is among the countries that emit the most GHG, and part of these come from MSW; thus, the final disposal sites contribute to these emissions due to the decomposition of the biodegradable fraction of the waste. In general, emissions occur through the cover layer and the drains, and, to mitigate these emissions, the oxidative layers (mixture of soil and organic compost) present themselves as an attractive proposal. Thus, the study of such layers is important, mainly for developing regions that need sustainable and effective technologies. To evaluate the characteristics that the incorporation of organic compounds confers on the cover system, three organic compounds and two types of soil were used (Camaragibe and CTR-PE), which resulted in 11 materials; it should be noted that the mixtures between soil and organic compost were carried out in a 1:1 ratio. Geotechnical and physical-chemical characterization tests were carried out, and through these, it was observed that changes occurred in soil textures, where there was an increase in the coarse fraction; the reduction of the values of the maximum apparent dry specific mass of the order of 16.48% and 20.83% for the mixtures of soils from Camaragibe and CTR-PE, respectively; and the increase in optimum moisture, ranging up to 28.89% and 73.77% for the soil mixtures from Camaragibe and CTR-PE, respectively. And, as organic compost is a granular material, higher void rates were generated through the mixtures with variations between 35.37 and 132.62% and 15.92 and 99.98%, when comparing pure soils and mixtures with the soil of Camaragibe and CTR-PE, respectively. It was also verified that such mixtures promoted the addition of organic matter to the system, reaching a neutral pH, between 7.40 and 7.80; in addition to the favorable C/N ratio for the development of microorganisms, and the increase in CEC. With the performance of permeability tests to water and air, it was observed that the incorporation of the compost to the soil of Camaragibe provided, in the respective optimal humidities, higher values of water flux (reduction of 10-1 m.s-1) and airflow (reduction of 10-2 m.s-1) when compared to pure soil; as well as provided greater moisture retention.
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26
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ANA IACY DOMINGOS PONTES
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Rainwater Harvesting System And Sensor Validation for Real-Time Water Quality Monitoring
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Líder : SAVIA GAVAZZA DOS SANTOS
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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NELIA HENRIQUES CALLADO
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SHYRLANE TORRES SOARES VERAS
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SYLVANA MELO DOS SANTOS
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Data: 21-jun-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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Urban problems related to flooding, flash floods, landslides and the intermittent water supply are increasingly frequent factors. The use of rainwater collection and utilization systems is an alternative used to mitigate surface runoff and assist with water scarcity. These systems also help to reduce the water demand on the utility company and lower water costs. Therefore, the objective of the work was to develop a rainwater harvesting system, evaluating different storage methods (Rippl, Brazilian empirical or Azevedo Neto's method, British empirical, Australian practical), with the intention of using it for potable purposes. A treatment system was proposed and installed to collect, divert the first millimeter and make rainwater potable in an enterprise in the urban area of Recife, a city in the state of Pernambuco, providing a total saving of R$ 15,177.73 per year with a payback time of 3.39 years. The water quality of the enterprise was monitored to guarantee the effectiveness of the system, which showed good quality in the samples collected after treatment at all collection spots, as required by the Brazilian legislation. Sensors of pH, temperature and total dissolved solids were developed and validated using statistical tests to monitor the quality of rainwater, in order to provide the consumer water security for the use of rainwater as a supply source. These sensors have demonstrated good functioning within the designated range for rainwater.
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27
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DHIEGO HENRIQUE FERREIRA REVOREDO
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Alcali-Silica Reaction in Concrete: A Systematic Review od the Evolution of Predictive Mathematical Models of the Reaction
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Líder : ARNALDO MANOEL PEREIRA CARNEIRO
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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ADOLPHO GUIDO DE ARAÚJO
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ALINE FIGUEIREDO DA NÓBREGA
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ARNALDO MANOEL PEREIRA CARNEIRO
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MARCOS ALYSSANDRO SOARES DOS ANJOS
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Data: 28-jun-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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Alkali-silica reaction (ASR) is a degradation mechanism that has a complex chemistry, which causes the deterioration of concrete structure over the years. One of the factors that contribute to the concrete degradation process is the late identification and the lack of technological control in the dosage, due to the use of reactive materials. Due to the need for more durable and better performing structural elements, the best way to avoid this reaction is being sought. Global evaluations comprise the potential reactivity between aggregates and cement alkalis, as well as the identification of the reaction installed in a concrete structure with its current damage, cracks and fissures. Thus, predictive mathematical models have been proposed for ASR. The prediction of concrete degradation and its effects on mechanical properties allows reducing costs and maintenance, ensuring greater durability of the structure. This paper presents a critical analysis of predictive models, interrelating them with the state of the art matured through a systematic literature review. From the systematic review proposed in this research and an overview of the mathematical models, it was possible to analyze the gaps that still exist due to the complexity of the reaction and the possible future trends in the modeling of ASR. The research also highlights: a) the importance of the methodological approach of the literature review to provide a comprehensive and chronological overview of the evolution of ASR; b) the experimental programs, which provide the necessary input data for future models; and c) the need for greater interaction in the modeling process between the areas of materials and structures.
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28
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MARIA CECÍLIA PAIVA NÓBREGA
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Water Characteristics of Shallow Wells Along the Banks of the Capibaribe River in the Recife Lowlands
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Líder : JAIME JOAQUIM DA SILVA PEREIRA CABRAL
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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ANDERSON LUIZ RIBEIRO DE PAIVA
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ANDREA SHIRLEY XAVIER DA SILVA
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RICARDO DE ARAGAO
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Data: 11-jul-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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The increase in consumption of chemical products, motivated by population growth and processes such as industrialization and urbanization, has generated great concern regarding the pollution of water bodies, as it causes a generation of effluents rich in various types of contaminants, some of which are difficult to remove. Such contaminants are present in water bodies due to improper disposal of solid waste and the low efficiency of conventional processes carried out by Water Treatment Plants, which may compromise the quality of the population's water supply and damage aquatic ecosystems. In this sense, it becomes increasingly necessary to use alternative treatment processes that are effective in removing different types of contaminants. Thus, Riverbank Filtration (RBF) appears as a natural, low- cost, and easy-to-use treatment technique. Based on this problem, the present study aimed to monitor the water quality of shallow wells and analyze the river-aquifer interaction in a stretch along the banks of the Capibaribe River, Metropolitan Region of Recife-PE, Brazil. Three sampling campaigns were carried out during December 2022, January 2023, and February 2023 at five different points along the Capibaribe River. To verify the quality of the shallow wells with the quality of the river water, physical, chemical, and bacteriological data were carried out on samples of surface water from the Capibaribe River and the shallow wells located along its margin. After analyzing the data, satisfactory results were obtained, as the samples from the shallow wells showed a significant improvement in comparison to the waters of the Capibaribe River for the vast majority of parameters. In addition, in samples from shallow wells, the parameters pH, nitrite, nitrate, chlorides, and total dissolved solids showed values within the range allowed by the Brazilian Potability Standard. Concerning chlorophyll a, there was a significant reduction in the samples from the wells, with total removal in 30% of the samples and presenting a reduction rate above 94.3% for all points analyzed. Dissolved oxygen levels increased between the river and well samples, which was not expected according to other research on the subject. Regarding the bacteriological analyses, there was a significant removal between the values found in the river and the shallow wells, showing a reduction of 96.6% and 99.9%. The influence of the distance between the wells and the river on the results obtained was not verified, requiring a deeper investigation and a longer period on this variable. Therefore, it is possible to conclude that the use of the RBF technique as a preliminary treatment of water along the banks of the Capibaribe River is possible, requiring only some care and additional processes, considering the high level of pollution found in the river.
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29
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SILVANDRO FERREIRA DE SIQUEIRA JÚNIOR
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Exploratory Study of the Properties of Lime Pastes with Metakaolin and Construction and Demolition Waste
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Líder : ARNALDO MANOEL PEREIRA CARNEIRO
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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WESLEI MONTEIRO AMBROS
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ANA CECILIA VIEIRA DA NOBREGA
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ARNALDO MANOEL PEREIRA CARNEIRO
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MARYLINDA SANTOS DE FRANCA
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Data: 20-jul-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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In view of the current need to reduce CO2 emissions during the production process of construction materials, in addition to the reuse of construction and demolition waste (CDW) in these materials in order to reduce the environmental impact generated by their improper disposal in nature, it’s necessary to create new alternatives for sustainable materials that gradually replace those that cause greater damage to the environment, which must meet performance, durability and compatibility criteria. In order to contribute to this demand, the present research aimed to explore the properties of pastes composed of lime with metakaolin and construction and demolition waste in order to enable a future application of this new product in the production of mortars for the restoration of historical constructions and other applications, contributing to the reduction of CO2 emissions on the planet and the inappropriate disposal of construction and demolition waste in the environment. Bearing in mind that compatibility isone of the most relevant criteria when carrying out the conservation and restoration of historic constructions, four mixtures were compared throughout the research, one being a reference (50% lime and 50% metakaolin) and three containing mass replacements of lime with metakaolin (MK) by 10, 20 and 30% of CDW. All pastes were produced with W/B = 0,8 and comparative analysis between mixtures containing CDW and the reference occurred in anhydrous, fresh and hardened states. In the anhydrous state, the materials and mixtures were characterized in terms of their physical, chemical and mineralogical properties. In the fresh state, the mini-slump and rheology tests were performed. In the hardened state, the following tests were performed at 14, 28, 56 and 90 days: x-ray diffraction (XRD); differential thermal analysis (DTA) combined with thermogravimetry (TG); infrared spectroscopy (IR); compressive strength; and mass variation over the 90 days. The results indicate a slight physical chemical and mineralogical modification between the pastes containing 10% CDW and the reference one, which may be an indication of compatibility and enable the use of conservation and restoration materials containing proportions of CDW in historic constructions carried out with lime and pozzolans. Furthermore, according to a mechanical performance criterion, specifically compressive strength, all mixes containing CDW meet compatibility requirements for use as mortar for restoring historic constructions. Consequently, some mixtures obtained suitable results with those recommended for use in historic heritage conservation and restoration works. Thus, they may be the subject of further research that evaluates other compatibility parameters not analyzed in this study, enabling a better comparison between original historic mortars and the mortars containing the addition of construction and demolition waste.
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30
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FILIPE ANTÔNIO CUMARU SILVA ALVES
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A Multiscale Control Volume Framework Using 3D Unstructured Grids for the Simulation of Single Phase Flow in Anisotropic and Heterogeneous Porous Media
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Líder : PAULO ROBERTO MACIEL LYRA
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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RAMIRO BRITO WILLMERSDORF
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HERMÍNIO TASINAFO HONÓRIO
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MARCIO ARAB MURAD
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Data: 24-jul-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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The level of detail on modern geological models requires higher resolution grids that may render the simulation of multiphase flow in porous media intractable. Moreover, these models may comprise highly heterogeneous media with phenomena taking place in different scales. The Multiscale Finite Volume (MsFV) method can tackle such issues by constructing a set of numerical operators that map quantities from the fine-scale domain to a coarser one where the initial problem can be solved at a lower computational cost and the solution mapped back to the original scale. However, the MsFV formulation is limited to k-orthogonal grids since it uses a Two-point Flux Approximation (TPFA) method and employs an algorithm to generate the coarse meshes that is not capable of handling general geometries. The Multiscale Restriction Smoothed-Basis method (MsRSB) improves on the MsFV by introducing a new iterative procedure to find the multiscale operators and modifying the algorithm for the generation of the multiscale geometric entities to accommodate unstructured coarse grids, but is still limited to structured fine grids due to the TPFA discretization. Meanwhile, the Multiscale Control Volume method (MsCV) replaces the TPFA by the Multipoint Flux Approximation with a Diamond stencil (MPFA-D) scheme on the fine-scale while further enhancing the generation of the geometric entities to allow truly unstructured grids on the fine and coarse scales for two-dimensional simulation. In this work we propose an extension to three-dimensional geometries of both the MsCV and the algorithm to obtain the multiscale geometric entities based on the concept of background grid. We also modify the MPFA-D to use the very robust Generalised Least Squares (GLS) interpolation technique to obtain the required auxiliary nodal unknowns and incorporate to the MsCV the enhanced MsRSB to enforce M-matrix properties and guarantee convergence. We show that the 3-D MsCV method produces good results employing true unstructured grids on both scales to handle the simulation of the single-phase flow in anisotropic and heterogeneous porous media.
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31
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DÉBORA RODRIGUES SOARES
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Space-Temporal Dynamics of Water and Plant Coverage by Remote Sensing in Brígida River Basin
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Líder : LEIDJANE MARIA MACIEL DE OLIVEIRA
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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ANDERSON LUIZ RIBEIRO DE PAIVA
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ROCHELE SHEILA VASCONCELOS
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DIEGO CEZAR DOS SANTOS ARAÚJO
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Data: 24-jul-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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The study and analysis of the space-time dynamics of a region provides data on the level of changes that occur in a specific location over time. This information on changes benefits the decision-making and supports local management on how to deal with difficulties that may arise, and the method that helps to generate this data is the remote sensing. The present work involves the use of remote sensors on board of the Landsat 5 – TM and Landsat 8 – OLI satellites, which provide spectral bands that will be processed to generate the spectral indices: Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI), Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) and Modified Normalized Difference Water Index (MNDWI). The indices will provide information on the space-time dynamics of the vegetation and water areas of three reservoirs in the Brígida River Basin, located in Pernambuco, as well as the Chapada do Araripe region insert in the basin, in eight satellite images on different dates, which are from June 16, 1990, November 1994, September 23, 1997, July 6, 2003, November 27, 2009, September 9, 2013, July 15, 2018 and October 30, 2022. The results of this dissertation observed a decrease in the amount of vegetation vigor in the basin and wetland in the studied reservoirs, over the dates, highlighting the image of the date of September 9, 2013, which showed the lowest values in the vegetation and water indices.
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32
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JOÃO VICTOR BEZERRA CHAVES
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Hydrological and Hydrodynamic Modeling with Generation of Flood Hazard Maps in the Tapacurá Basin
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Líder : LEIDJANE MARIA MACIEL DE OLIVEIRA
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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ANDERSON LUIZ RIBEIRO DE PAIVA
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DIEGO CEZAR DOS SANTOS ARAÚJO
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LARISSA FERREIRA DAVID ROMAO BATISTA
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Data: 26-jul-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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Uncontrolled and unplanned urbanization, combined with projections of climate change, point to a scenario of increased vulnerability of people and infrastructure to urban flooding. In this context, the city of Vitória de Santo Antão, in the Zona da Mata region of the state of Pernambuco, stands out. It has grown around the Tapacurá River, occupying its floodplain. This city has already suffered from catastrophic flood events in the past, with notable events occurring in 2005, 2010, and 2011, affecting an estimated 3.26 million people, resulting in 162 deaths, and causing costs in the order of R$13.52 million. The aim of this study was to conduct 2D hydrological and hydrodynamic modeling using Remote Sensing techniques and a high-resolution digital terrain model to geospatially analyze the occurrence of floods and obtain maps with indicators and danger indexes for the urban center of Vitória de Santo Antão. The digital terrain model was obtained through laser profiling and made available by the Pernambuco Tridimensional project. The hydrological and hydrodynamic models were implemented using the freely accessible software HEC-HMS and HEC-RAS, respectively. The calibration and validation of the hydrological model were performed using available flow data, and a real event that occurred in May 2011 was simulated. The calibration achieved a Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient of 0.940. The simulations successfully reproduced the flood extent throughout the municipality, covering an area of 2,993 km² and reaching water depths of up to 5.65 m. With the simulation results, it was possible to create maps with hazard indicators and indices. It is expected that the information produced here can contribute to the decision-making process of the managing authorities, enabling the adoption of structural and/or non-structural measures to prevent or mitigate the monetary and life losses associated with flooding.
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33
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GABRIEL VICTOR DE LIMA
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Taxonomic Evaluation of Different Microbial Cultures Adapted to Anaerobic Degradation of Aniline
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Líder : SAVIA GAVAZZA DOS SANTOS
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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JOSE ROBERTO SANTO DE CARVALHO
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MARCIA HELENA RISSATO ZAMARIOLLI DAMIANOVIC
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WANDERLI ROGERIO MOREIRA LEITE
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Data: 31-jul-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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Aniline is a molecule composed of a benzoic group linked to an amino group. Although aniline is an important raw material to produce pharmaceuticals, dyes, pigments, and other economically valuable products, its toxicity and carcinogenic activity to animals and plants make it a potential environmental contaminant. Aniline can act both as a precursor molecule and as a byproduct released during the aerobic or anaerobic degradation of various chemical compounds. The disposal of waste containing this substance can pose a risk to the environment and public health. While anaerobic degradation of aniline is possible, and some possible steps in the degradation pathway have been elucidated, there are still gaps that require investigation, especially regarding the use of mixed cultures. This study evaluated the taxonomic composition of three distinct mixed cultures adapted to anaerobic degradation of aniline using 16S rRNA sequencing. The degradation kinetics of aniline and the formation of byproducts were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography. The degradation kinetics of aniline increased with successive feedings, reaching 0.99 μM/day of aniline. Different concentrations of the byproducts benzoic acid and 4-aminobenzoic acid were recorded. It was possible to observe that despite the different origins of the microbiotas, the microbial core of the microcosms with sediment from a river, a textile reactor, and a petrochemical source were selected in a similar manner. The common groups that stood out the most were Methanosaeta, Aminicenantes, and Geobacter.
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34
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MARCOS ARAÚJO DE SOUZA CELESTINO
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Business Models Analysis Applicable to Regional Airports in Pernambuco
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Líder : VIVIANE ADRIANO FALCAO
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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MAURICIO OLIVEIRA DE ANDRADE
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FRANCISCO GILDEMIR FERREIRA DA SILVA
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MARIA DO ROSÁRIO MAURICIO RIBEIRO MACÁRIO
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Data: 08-ago-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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The change in the airport's perspective from being merely a social infrastructure to becoming a financial tool has brought about significant changes in the aviation sector. The sector's growth and market liberalization have strengthened the view of airports as businesses. Therefore, the use of a business model becomes essential to understand and enhance airport operations, making them more financially sustainable and attractive.However, within the industry, regional airports have faced challenges due to the lack of interest from airlines, which have shifted operations to larger urban centers. This has led to financial difficulties for these airports, directly affecting the connectivity of the population living away from major urban hubs. To mitigate this financial and social impact, initiatives like the Programa de Desenvolvimento da Aviação Regional (PDAR) in Brazil have been introduced to ensure regular operations at regional airports.Given this context, studying the business model of airports, specifically those in Pernambuco, is crucial for understanding the situation and establishing future guidelines. Based on business models found in the literature, certain variables that characterize the model were identified. A sample of 185 regional airports was chosen following the classification of the Plano Aeroviário Nacional (PAN).To narrow down the analysis and compare airports with similar characteristics, the K-means clustering method was employed, resulting in three groups. Additionally, the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) was used to find the most efficient airports to serve as references for the business model of Pernambuco's airports.The cluster analysis allowed for a reduced scope of analysis and comparison of Pernambuco's regional airports with other groups. Overall, Pernambuco's airports showed significant economic and social potential, and measures for their development were recommended. These measures include the operation of new airlines, the addition of new routes, and the establishment of official websites and social media presence for the airports. Considering the prevailing trends in larger airports and recent rounds of airport concessions in Brazil, these regional airports can be grouped together for future concession rounds.
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35
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MAYARA SILVA DE OLIVEIRA
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Evaluation of Changes in Terrestrial Water Stocks in Northeast Brazil using GLDAS 2.2 Products
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Líder : ALFREDO RIBEIRO NETO
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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ANDERSON LUIZ RIBEIRO DE PAIVA
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LUIZ ANTÔNIO CÂNDIDO
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DIEGO CEZAR DOS SANTOS ARAÚJO
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Data: 10-ago-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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Terrestrial Water Storage (TWS), consisting of water stored in the soil, groundwater, surface reservoirs, in the canopy, and water equivalent of ice and snow, is an important state of the Earth system. Its components influence water and energy flows and represent important renewable freshwater reserves. In semi-arid lands, understanding the dynamics of variations in these water stocks and planning for long-term sustainable use is essential for local populations. Therefore, this work aims to evaluate the behavior of the TWS and its components for the Northeast Region of Brazil and the north of the state of Minas Gerais, during the period from February 2003 to March 2021, using data from the GLDAS 2.2. Soil moisture anomaly (SMA) series from the ESA CCI SM were validated against in situ stations. Then series of SMA, anomalies of groundwater (GWSA) and terrestrial water storage (TWSA) from GLDAS 2.2 were validated using ESA CCI SM data, in situ monitoring wells and products from GRACE mission, respectively. Validations were performed by analyzing Pearson’s correlation and Willmott’s d index. After validation, the GLDAS 2.2 series were used to calculate the drought indices of soil moisture, groundwater and continental water storage: SMI, GWI and WSDI, respectively. The SMI and GWI indices were compared with the SPI index for different time scales, and their periodic structures were analyzed using the continuous wavelet transform. Soil moisture and TWS validations showed that the studied sources have well correlated data. As for groundwater, the GWSA of the GLDAS and the wells had a very weak to strong correlation, with the main divergences occurring when the GLDAS simulated wetter trends than those demonstrated by the wells. Drought indices showed that, for most hydrographic regions, the second decade of the 21st century was drier than the first. The greater correlation of SMI and GWI with SPI 3 and SPI 12, respectively, in addition to the periodic structures revealed by wavelet analysis suggest reliability of the GWSA and SMA obtained from the GLDAS 2.2 data.
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36
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GUSTAVO FERREIRA COSTA
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Attributes that Influence E-commerce Consumers in Choosing Sustainable Last-mile Deliveries
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Líder : MARIA LEONOR ALVES MAIA
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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CINTIA MACHADO DE OLIVEIRA
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LEISE KELLI DE OLIVEIRA
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LEONARDO HERSZON MEIRA
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Data: 16-ago-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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Recently, the e-commerce sector has experienced significant growth, leading to an increased demand for last-mile delivery services. This results in considerable environmental impacts, such as congestion, greenhouse gas emissions, and increased traffic. In this context, this dissertation aims to analyze the delivery attributes that influence Brazilian e-commerce consumers in choosing sustainable last-mile delivery options, and how these choices can impact the environmental sustainability of freight transportation. The methodology employed involved questionnaire surveys and statistical analysis of the collected data using a multinomial logistic regression model. The results revealed that financial attributes, such as freight cost and product price, are considered the most relevant by consumers. On the other hand, attributes related to environmental sustainability are deemed less important and decisive in the choice of delivery options. Regarding the use of lockers, consumers value the convenience of this option. Additionally, they have shown a willingness to be flexible with delivery timelines in exchange for environmental benefits. The importance attributed to attributes such as delivery options and product integrity also plays a crucial role in the adoption of non-domiciliary delivery modes. Consequently, it can be concluded that strategies aimed at implementing more sustainable delivery modes should take into account the preferences and social characteristics of consumers, considering the significance given to financial and convenience aspects.
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37
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JOÃO LUCAS AUSTREGÉSILO NEPOMUCENO
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Computational Investigation of the Nepo Factor for Failure Pressure Prediction of Curved Pipelines with Internal Corrosion Defects
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Líder : RENATO DE SIQUEIRA MOTTA
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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JOSE MARIA ANDRADE BARBOSA
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JULIO TENORIO PIMENTEL
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TIAGO ANCELMO DE CARVALHO PIRES DE OLIVEIRA
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Data: 23-ago-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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In this research, the variation of failure pressures of curved and straight pipelines with corrosion defects was investigated, considering their geometric parameters. The application of curved pipes is extensive, mainly in logistic solutions when facing physical obstacles. Some studies have already been conducted comparing failure pressure results obtained through the Finite Element Method (FEM) with those obtained by the Lorenz Coefficient (LC), and the findings indicated potential improvements to the factor. Modeling and analysis were performed using FEM through the PIPEFLAW software, developed by the PadMec group at UFPE, which was modified to automate the pipe bending process, and the modeling and analysis of multiple cases in sequence. Parametric studies were conducted, considering the external diameter of the cross-section, length, depth and width of the defect, aiming to find an interrelation with the Target Factor (TF), which indicates the ratio between failure pressures of curved and straight pipes. Initially, 40 discretized cases were modeled, 10 for each evaluated variable, providing initial indications of relevant parameters. Additional 120 random cases were generated for linear and logarithmic regressions, which indicated that the defect depth (d) was the most relevant parameter for predicting the TF for Intrados cases. Subsequently, 100 discretized cases were generated, varying the defect depth and pipe relative radius, and 5 new proposals, called Nepo Factor (NF), were made to improve the prediction of TF. The last proposal showed a Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of 34.5e-3 and Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) of 1.0%, contrasting with the results of the LC, which presented an RMSE of 1.8 and MAPE of 20%. These results reinforce the possibility of a correlation between the defect depth parameter and the prediction of TF.
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38
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ROSANE KELEN RODRIGUES DELFINO
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Stability Study of the Slope of Boleiro in the Northern Zone of the Municipality of Recife-PE
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Líder : ROBERTO QUENTAL COUTINHO
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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BERNADETE RAGONI DANZIGER
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IGOR FERNANDES GOMES
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SAUL BARBOSA GUEDES
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Data: 24-ago-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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The city of Recife coexists with the constant landslides that affect, especially, the most vulnerable population residing on irregularly occupied slopes. In recent years, with the occurrence of unusual weather phenomena, hundreds of people have been left homeless and lost their lives. In this sense, aiming to contribute to the mitigation of these negative impacts, the present study aims to present a geotechnical characterization, discussing a stability analysis of the slope of Boleiro, located in the North Zone of Recife, in addition to performing a retroanalysis of the rupture that occurred on the slope in May 2022. The analyzes were developed using the finite element software Slope/W and Seep/W, both from GeoStudio (2023). For this, a campaign of field and laboratory tests was carried out, which helped in the construction of the geotechnical profiles, obtained from the SPT surveys and physical characterization tests. The resistance, compressibility and suction parameters were determined from the collection of information blocks extracted in each study area, with results consistent with those presented in the technical literature. For the stability analysis, the saturated and unsaturated conditions of the soil were considered, in order to verify the flow conditions and understand the behavior and influence of infiltration on the stability of the slope. For this purpose, two analyzes were carried out under transient regime, one considering the precipitation of the rainiest month (May 2022) and the other simulating the rupture of a pipe. For the retroanalysis, the saturated and unsaturated condition of the soil was also considered, analyzing the flow conditions and the influence of the accumulated precipitation in the month in which the event occurred (May/2022). In the stability analyses, the results showed a significant reduction in the safety factor values for the two flow conditions, considering the influence of precipitation and pipe rupture. Meanwhile, the results of the retroanalysis show that the main triggering agent for the heat was the accumulated rainfall that occurred in May 2022, with a safety factor equal to 1.0. In this way, the work presents the slope stability condition at the points studied, contributes to theunderstanding of the accident that occurred and helps in understanding the causes and triggering factors of these events, in addition to helping in the prevention and mitigation of future accidents.
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39
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RICARDO MACIEL CASTRO HUTTL
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Guidelines for BIM Implementation for Facilities Management with Emphasis on Project Coordination
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Líder : RACHEL PEREZ PALHA
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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BIANCA MARIA VASCONCELOS VALERIO
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MAURICIO OLIVEIRA DE ANDRADE
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NAIARA MEIRELES DE SOUZA
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Data: 29-ago-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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Building operations is the longest stage in its life cycle, in addition to representing the highest costs. The evolution of architecture and engineering allows the construction of increasingly complex buildings, also increasing the amount of data that needs to be managed, especially at this stage, which contributed to the emergence of the facilities manager profession. The publication of “the performance standard” (NBR 15575) has also helped to increase interest in the subject, as this document defines the responsibilities and roles of builders, developers, designers, and users throughout the life cycle. In this scenario, the use of BIM (Building Information Modeling) allows for greater information management, avoiding data loss throughout the stages and facilitating access to the information necessary for maintenance. However, the implementation of BIM in the operational phase, as in the others, requires careful planning, which considers a meaningful change in the company's processes. Thus, the goal of this research is to study the main guidelines for the implementation of BIM in facilities management and, later, to make suggestions on how to conduct this implementation, focusing on the project coordination stage. To this end, a bibliographic review of guides and manuals that address good practices on the subject was carried out, which served as a reference for the elaboration of information requirements tables, which were used in the analysis of architectural and MEP systems designs of real buildings, comparing the information found in these documents is combined with the information needed for operations. The results found reinforce the importance of the existence of documents that aim to define the necessary information and those responsible during design stage. Subsequently, two software were selected, one for BIM construction tracking and other for the management of guarantees and maintenance, which were evaluated for integration and use as a facility management system. A practical application was presented. Finally, flowcharts were established, with input and output data, to assist the project coordinator's activity, considering the implementation of BIM in the management of facilities.
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40
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RUTH MARIA DA SILVA SANTOS
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Analysis of Water Retention Curves with Granulometric Curves in Expansive and Collapsible Soils
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Líder : SILVIO ROMERO DE MELO FERREIRA
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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ANALICE FRANCA LIMA AMORIM
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PEDRO EUGENIO SILVA DE OLIVEIRA
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STELA FUCALE SUKAR
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Data: 26-oct-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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In unsaturated soils, understanding water distribution, retention and release under different conditions is crucial. The soil-water relationship can be described by the retention curve, it is fundamental to understanding the water behavior of the soil and very important in several areas, such as agriculture, geology and geotechnical engineering. There are several proposals for adjustment and prediction equations for the soil retention curve. In this study, the adjustments proposed by Van Genuchten (1980), Gitirana Jr. and Fredlund (2004) and the retention curve prediction method based on particle size distribution developed by Mohammadi and Vanclooster (2012) were used. Retention curves obtained from the literature on collapsible and expansive soils are objects of analysis in this work. The adjustments made were compared with published experimental data to verify which of the adjustments best represents these points. In this research, 60 soils were analyzed, 30 collapsible and 30 expansive. In the search for academic works, keywords were used in both English and Portuguese, as follows: Collapsible soil, Characteristic curve, Retention curve, Expansive soil, Suction, combined by the Boolean operators “AND” and “OR”. With the aim of identifying behavior patterns in collapsible and expansive soils, an analysis of the physical characteristics of the soils obtained in the works consulted and the data extracted from adjustments and predictions of retention curves was conducted. This analysis was carried out using the ORANGE software, which made it possible to identify the influence of the variables studied in the identification of collapsible and expansive soils. Van Genuchten's (1980) fit was accurate in describing the unimodal curves of collapsible and expansive soils, but failed to adequately capture the bimodal shape of the curves in both soils. The method proposed by Gitirana and Fredlund (2004) performed well in both unimodal and bimodal soils, whether collapsible or expansive. The prediction of the retention curve by the method of Mohammadi and Vanclooster (2012) is better adjusted in sandy and silty soils, in other soils the characteristic shape of the retention curves were not well represented, for this method the coefficient of determination R2 was not shown. a representative statistical measure. The adjustment indices of Van Genuchten (1980), Gitirana and Fredlund (2004), the suction capacity and the slope of the granulometric curve presented higher values for collapsible soils than for expansive soils. Collapse potential values were similar for unimodal and bimodal soils, but bimodal soils presented a wider range of values. The void index in collapsible and expansive soils was higher in bimodal soils than in unimodal soils.
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41
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MARILIA PEREIRA CAVALCANTI
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The Potential of Mobility-as-a-Service as an Access Facilitator to Airports
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Líder : MAURICIO OLIVEIRA DE ANDRADE
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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ANISIO BRASILEIRO DE FREITAS DOURADO
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CARLOS FABRICIO ASSUNCAO DA SILVA
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VIVIANE ADRIANO FALCAO
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Data: 30-oct-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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With technological advances, air transport has become increasingly accessible. Air transport on the one hand ensures travel in a short time, on the other hand, many airports are far from the central regions of large cities. Many airports are accessible by a variety of modes, such as: private cars, taxis, trains, subway, buses, dedicated buses, limousines and long-distance buses. However, if these trips are not convenient, practical, dynamic and regular, as well as efficient in costs and travel times, they can cause difficulties for travelers. Mobility in cities is changing, information and communication technologies have generated innovations in business models in mobility with various features. As an evolution of these technological alternatives, the concept of Mobility as a service (Mobility-as-a-Service or Maas) emerged in Finland in 2014. The Maas works as an integrator of the various alternatives of public or private transportation, allowing the user to plan, schedule and pay for their trip through the same application, in a pay-as-you-go system or through monthly registrations. Many companies around the world are focusing on Maas as a way to make it easier for people to move around. In addition, they are offering Maas-like services for airports. Among them, we can mention SHOTL, Lyko and the Japan Airline, ANA. In the academic literature, it is evident a lack of investigations that address the influence of Maas in the context of air transport. This research aims to assess the potential impact of MaaS in the air transport sector, using an approach that combines an analysis of information from companies involved in the provision or use of land transport services to airports, together with the application of a questionnaire to assess the receptivity of passengers to MaaS mobility solutions. The results derived from the research revealed that the acceptance rate of the Maas platform among the participants reached the expressive mark of 76.95%. In parallel, an in-depth analysis was conducted in order to characterize the profile of the user willing to adopt an integration between air and land transport.
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42
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CHEYENNE MARIANA DE OLIVEIRA CARNEIRO
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The Instant Delivery and the Effects of the Covid-19 Pandemic on On-Demand App Consume
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Líder : MARIA LEONOR ALVES MAIA
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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CINTIA MACHADO DE OLIVEIRA
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LIGIA RABAY MANGUEIRA ARAÚJO
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MAURICIO OLIVEIRA DE ANDRADE
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Data: 31-oct-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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This dissertation analyzes the socioeconomic profile and the main motivations of consumers of instant deliveries, with a focus on the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. To this end, the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS - SEM) was applied, using SmartPLS 4 software. Based on the theoretical framework, the model with formative measurement was created for an exploratory analysis of the research. The collinearity analysis showed VIF values of less than 5, indicating that there was no multicollinearity in the calculation of the variables. The results showed that socio-economic profile and perception of the benefits of this type of purchase had positive influences on consumption of on- demand fast delivery apps both before and during the pandemic. In addition, the price of the product had a positive influence before and during the pandemic, while gender and frequency of purchase had a positive influence on the consumer profile during the pandemic. Practicality had a positive influence before and during the pandemic in terms of the perceived benefits of app purchases, while convenience only had a positive influence during the pandemic. Directly related to consumption of fast delivery apps, speed of delivery, diversity of products, diversity of establishments and delivery rate had an influence in both study periods. During the pandemic, social isolation had a positive effect on consumption by instant deliveries, demonstrating more directly that there was an impact on consumption of this type of service because of the pandemic. Finally, the study highlights the need to develop public policies that affect urban freight transport in order to offer a sustainable freight mobility service, considering environmental, economic, social and technological issues.
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43
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NATALIA MILHOMEM BALIEIRO
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Geomechanical Classification of Rock Masses for Dam Implementation: Case Study of the Belém de São Francisco Dam
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Líder : SILVIO ROMERO DE MELO FERREIRA
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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JOAQUIM TEODORO ROMAO DE OLIVEIRA
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LEILA BRUNET DE SA BESERRA
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ROBSON RIBEIRO LIMA
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Data: 31-oct-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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Dam construction has existed since ancient times and plays a significant role in human development, being crucial for semi-arid regions that faces challenges related to frequent droughts. Geological- geotechnical studies are conditioning factors in the design of dams and they are heavily influenced by foundation conditions. In this context, this study aims to evaluate the geological and geotechnical conditions of the rock foundation for a dam to be built in Pernambuco, Brazil. It presents the geomechanical characterization and classification processes of rock masses and analyzes the influence of the foundation on the choice of the most appropriate technological solution for the project. This research also includes an individual classification of lithologies identified during the investigation of the rock mass and the dam's foundation line. This study relies on data from field geological-geotechnical investigations and laboratory tests, evaluating the mass based on its hydraulic conductivity and classifying it using Rock Quality Designation (RQD) values and Bieniawski's Rock Mass Rating (RMR). The results indicate that the rocks comprising the foundation's rock mass are predominantly soft rocks (R4) and very soft rocks (R5), showing significant fracturing and alteration. As per the RMR system, the rock mass is classified as having very poor quality. It lacks the geological-geotechnical and geomechanical characteristics required for a rigid structure dam foundation, making a gravity dam the preferred alternative.
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44
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JEOVANA DA SILVA SOUTO MAIOR
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Improvement of Expansive Soils with the Use of Lime: A Review
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Líder : SILVIO ROMERO DE MELO FERREIRA
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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MARIA ODETE HOLANDA MARIANO
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MARIA ISABELA MARQUES DA CUNHA VIEIRA BELLO
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JOAQUIM TEODORO ROMAO DE OLIVEIRA
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Data: 01-nov-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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Expansive soils are found in large areas worldwide, and their presence is considered one of the most common causes of problems in structures, especially buildings and highways, leading to economic and social losses every year for repairing affected constructions. The use of lime to stabilize these soils allows for material reuse and the prevention of post-construction issues. Eighty studies were analyzed, including 2 theses, 6 dissertations, 71 articles, and 1 undergraduate thesis, published between 1991 and 2022 in 25 countries, on the improvement of expansive soils with lime, serving as a database for physical, chemical, mineralogical, microstructural, and geomechanical characterization. The selection of these studies was carried out on academic and scientific publication websites, such as SciELO, Web of Science, Scopus, ResearchGate, Google Scholar, Oasisbr, CAPES/MEC Journals, the virtual library of ABMS, Zoterobib, and BDTD. Criteria for inclusion required that the research yielded results related to particle size, mineralogy, consistency limits, expansivity, California Bearing Ratio (CBR), compaction, unconfined compressive strength, both before and after the addition of lime to improve expansive soils. Analysis of natural soils showed a predominance of fine texture, with an average liquid limit of 80% and plasticity index of 47%, indicating soils with a "very high" potential for expansion by Chen (1965), Seed et al (1962), and Daksanamurthy and Raman (1973) criteria. For soil treatment, 24% of the cases analyzed used a lime content of 6% to address expansion. 96% of the soils exhibited a decrease in plasticity index, while 75% experienced an increase in optimal moisture content, and 76% showed a reduction in maximum dry density. X-ray diffraction tests, TG, DTG, CBR, expansivity, and unconfined compressive strength tests confirmed that an increase in lime content and time are proportional to the results of expansive soils to be neutralized by pozzolanic reactions, even at low lime content. Among the 32 soils tested for free expansion, 8 of them eliminated the expansion potential, while in 19 cases, the potential was reduced to less than 1.5%. In 97% of the soils, their potential for expansion was reduced to at least 16%.
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45
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JULIANO CASTRO DE ANDRADE
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The Passenger Public Transport System of the Metropolitan Region ff Recife: Passengers' Perceived Quality
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Líder : LEONARDO HERSZON MEIRA
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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MAURICIO OLIVEIRA DE ANDRADE
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LIGIA RABAY MANGUEIRA ARAÚJO
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MARIO ANGELO NUNES DE AZEVEDO FILHO
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Data: 01-nov-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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This dissertation aims to evaluate the service currently offered by the Public Transport System of the Recife Metropolitan Region (STPP/RMR). To this end, a satisfaction questionnaire was drawn up considering the four modes offered in the region: bus, BRT, metro and light rail, as well as the integration within the system. The questionnaire was disseminated via social media through face-to-face collection stage conducted at the busiest locations. Perceptions were compared between frequent and non frequent users and between users who use the transport during peak hours and those who use it outside peak hours The Mann-Whitney test was used to check for statistically significant differences. The results show that passengers have a very poor perception of the quality of the service offered, regardless of the mode used or whether they are frequent users or use the service during peak hours. The exception to this poor evalutation is the perception of travel time, which is considered reasonable by more than half of the passengers when considering the modes with the better right-of-way, namely BRT, light rail and metro. As for the comparison between groups, the differences between frequent and non-frequent users were limited to the attributes “speed” and “number of transfers”, with frequent users having the worst perception, contrary to initial assumptions. When comparing peak and off-peak use, the significant differences were observed only for "speed" and "tariff", with the worst evaluations associated with peak use, as expected. Several suggestions are made to address the numerous deficiencies pointed out. It is highlighted the need to obtain funds beyond the tariff in order to raise the funds needed to improve the quality of the STPP without increasing its fare, which is already considered expensive by the vast majority of the population.
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46
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LETÍCIA AGRA MENDES RAMALHO
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Machine learning applied to evaluation of reservoir connectivity
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Líder : BERNARDO HOROWITZ
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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LEILA BRUNET DE SA BESERRA
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LICIA MOUTA DA COSTA
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SILVANA MARIA BASTOS AFONSO DA SILVA
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Data: 06-nov-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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In mature reservoirs, there are hundreds or thousands of producing and injecting wells operating simultaneously, so it is important to understand the impact of injection wells on producers to maintain pressure and control water production. In the case of reservoirs, this same impact aims to prevent possible reactivations or fault fracturing. In this work, we propose a workflow with two strategies, reduced-physics and data-driven modeling, to determine the communication between producing and injecting wells. Both strategies use historical production data, injection rates (inputs), and liquid production rates (outputs). The reduced-physics modeling strategy is based on the Capacitance Resistance Modeling for Producers (CRMP), which calculates the liquid flowrate of the producing well based on the injection rate, productivity index of produce, time constant and the connectivity between injectors and producers. The connectivities are obtained by minimizing the error between the observed and calculated liquid flowrates. The optimization algorithm used is the Sequential Quadratic Programming (SQP). The data-driven modeling strategy is based on Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs), which only use input and output data. The parameters of the neural network, weights, and viéseses, are adjusted during the training process. Three architectures are studied to connect the inputs and outputs: single-layer perceptron, deep learning with multiple layers, and convolutional neural networks. The backpropagation algorithm is used to adjust the weights of the architectures during training. We propose three alternatives for calculating the connectivities after training. The first one is based on the optimal weights. The second one is based on the average error after shuffling the input data, and the last one is based on the gradient importance. Two synthetic models, Two-phases and Brush Canyon Outcrop, are used to validate the proposed workflow. The results show that the connectivities calculated using gradient importance became closer to the connectivities obtained by the capacitance and resistance model when both are compared. In the case of connectivity error between CRMP and other strategies, Backpropagation, Shuffling, and CNN1D, for injector I-1, they are 25%, 16%, and 11%, respectively. Regarding the connectivity of injector, I-3, the error in comparing CRMP versus Backpropagation, Shuffling, and CNN1D is 12%, 12.5%, and 6%, respectively. Similarly, when analyzing the connectivity of injector, I-5, the errors are 11%, 9%, and 8.5%, respectively. In conclusion, we can say that the CNN1D strategy shows a better approximation in calculating connectivities.
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47
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ALESSANDRO RODRIGUES DE AMORIM
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Using Rainwater as a Tool to Improve Water Supply and Reduce the Risk of Landslides on a Hill in Recife-PE
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Líder : SAVIA GAVAZZA DOS SANTOS
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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BRUNA SCANDOLARA MAGNUS
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LEIDJANE MARIA MACIEL DE OLIVEIRA
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SHYRLANE TORRES SOARES VERAS
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Data: 19-dic-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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Water deficit is a reality in Brazil, even in regions where there is good water availability due to the pollution of water bodies. In this context, the Northeast region presents an additional aggravating factor, as, in addition to the irregular distribution of bodies of water, the region faces challenges such as high temperature and low rainfall, for most of the year. Therefore, the use of alternative sources of water supply becomes increasingly necessary. Of these alternatives, the use of rainwater stands out, which, on a recurring basis, is concentrated in some months of the year. Widely used in semi-arid regions due to low rainfall and the lack of conventional supply systems, rainwater can also be used in urban areas, directly impacting the mitigation of other problems, such as: flooding, landslides and congestion caused by excess rain. combined with the high waterproofing of the soil. To quantify and observe the impacts of the use of rainwater in urban areas, specifically in hill areas, three water supply-consumption water balances were carried out based on scenario simulations in Córrego da Telha, which is located in the neighborhood of little bird in the west of the city of Recife-PE. When carrying out the first water balance, the supply-consumption of water in a single residence was verified, where rainwater supply was considered in two time intervals: (a) annual interval from June 2021 to May 2022; and (b) interval with atypical precipitation in the months of May and June 2022. For the second and third simulation, water balances were calculated considering the entire hill basin and variables of the hydrological cycle: precipitation, surface runoff, evaporation, evapotranspiration and infiltration. What differentiates these simulations was the methodology for calculating surface runoff, for simulation 2 the rational method was used and for simulation 3 the SCS-CN method was used, both were carried out in programming language over a fortnightly period, being considered for the 1st period of study, atypical rains (accumulated value of 759.4 mm) and the 2nd period, typical winter rains (accumulated value of 172.5 mm). These simulations used information derived from mapping using remotely piloted aircraft (drones), which enabled the classification and quantification of the materials that make up the surfaces where precipitated water flows. Finally, the quality of the water supply to three houses located in the study area was monitored over 13 weeks. The simulation results indicated that rainwater supply could meet demand on 48% and 81% of days, respectively for intervals (a) and (b), with a corresponding percentage of water retention in the lot of 48% and 21% when analyzing simulation 1. For simulation 2, it presented the result of a reduction of around 12% in the volume of precipitation for the 1st study period (period of atypical rains) and 45% for the 2nd study period (rains traditional winter season). For simulation 3, the simulations showed results of a 7% reduction in the volume drained from being released into the urban drainage network for the first study period (atypical rains) and around 39% for the 2nd study period (traditional rains). Regarding the quality of water used in the area under study, irregularities were observed in all residences. In a residence at the highest point of the hill, which receives regular supplies from the Pernambuco state company, the color parameter was within the permitted range, in just one collection. In the mid-slope residence, whose supply is mixed, receiving water from the company and other external sources, the presence of Escherichia Coli and/or total coliforms was detected in 2 collections, and while in the residence located in the foothills, which only has water supply from groundwater sources, there was the presence of Escherichia Coli and/or total coliforms in all weeks of the study. In this way, the use of rainwater can favor the region's water supply, alleviating supply inequality and mitigating urban problems.
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48
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ANA BEATRIZ ACCIOLY DE MENEZES
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Hypothetical Break Study (Dam Break)for Tailing Dam
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Líder : JOSE ROBERTO GONCALVES DE AZEVEDO
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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ANDERSON LUIZ RIBEIRO DE PAIVA
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LARISSA FERREIRA DAVID ROMAO BATISTA
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SILVANETE SEVERINO DA SILVA
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Data: 21-dic-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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Mining activity is essential for the human’s routine, being able to transform raw materials into necessary day-to-day items, such as equipment, machines, tools, among many other items. This transformation is named of beneficiation process, which are made extraction procedures and treatment of the mineral, resulting in tailings, mineral residue that has no economic value. This tailing is disposed and stored in containment structures, called dams, reservoirs, in general, and, for the construction of these structures, there are laws and norms that recommend and define design criteria, adapting them to safety standards. The non-attendance of this safety standards, as well as lack of operation and maintenance control, result in failures and, in many cases, ruptures, causing environmental, social and economic impacts. In this work, a study of the rupture of a reservoir is presented, based on available input data. The objective of this study is make a comparative analysis between rupture simulation softwares, HEC-RAS 2D and RiverFlow2D, which presented similar results, concluding that both have a good representation on simulation of hypothetical dam failure.
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49
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MANUELA VASCONCELOS NOGUEIRA
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Evaluation of Concession Contracts to Reduce Environmental Impacts of Brazilian Airports from the Perspective of the 2030 Agenda
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Líder : LEONARDO HERSZON MEIRA
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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ANISIO BRASILEIRO DE FREITAS DOURADO
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CINTIA MACHADO DE OLIVEIRA
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CLAUDIA AZEVEDO PEREIRA
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Data: 22-dic-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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Due to the significant importance of air transportation in Brazil, promoting connectivity among people worldwide, generating employment, and facilitating the swift transport of small cargo, this mode of transportation has experienced rapid growth since the 20th century in the country. The accelerated increase in demand has led to the saturation of some Brazilian airports. Therefore, in 2010, the federal government initiated the process of Brazilian airport concessions to promote improvements for users in infrastructure, service quality, and faster, cost-effective service delivery. Associated with the growth in aviation volume is the increase in negative environmental impacts caused by airports on society as a whole, making it challenging for airports to achieve the UN-established Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) from 2015 to 2030. Ten out of the 17 SDGs can be related to airports. Consequently, there has been a growing concern for Brazilian airport environmental sustainability, leading to the creation of national sustainable projects that encourage airports to adopt sustainable measures to reduce the negative impacts they generate. However, it was observed that, despite the significant importance of Brazilian airport concession contracts in monitoring airport operators during the contract period, these contracts do not address airport sustainability. Therefore, this dissertation evaluated essential elements that should be included in the assessment of concession contracts to reduce the environmental impacts of Brazilian airports from the perspective of the 2030 Agenda. This evaluation was based on a qualitative analysis methodology considering sustainable measures used in 13 studies on airport environmental sustainability and the input of 30 experts in the field. The study concluded that 26 out of the 46 analyzed sustainable elements are essential for airports to effectively meet the proposed seven sustainable alternatives: CO2 Emission Reduction, Noise Pollution Reduction, Reuse and Recycling, Water Consumption Reduction, Use of Clean Energy, Environmental Management, and Wildlife Conservation. Consequently, the research achieved its general and specific objectives, answered the research question, and confirmed the hypothesis that new concessions must adopt broader sustainable practices, and their verification should be explicitly stated in the concession contract.
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Tesis |
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1
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EUDES DE ARIMATÉA ROCHA
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Proposition of a Method to Study the Degradation of Portuguese Tiles in Historic Monuments
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Líder : ARNALDO MANOEL PEREIRA CARNEIRO
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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ANA LUÍSA PINHEIRO LOMELINO VELOSA
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ALINE FIGUEIREDO DA NÓBREGA
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MARCOS ALYSSANDRO SOARES DOS ANJOS
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THAIS ALESSANDRA BASTOS CAMINHA SANJAD
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TIAGO ANCELMO DE CARVALHO PIRES DE OLIVEIRA
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Data: 26-ene-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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The research proposes a method for investigating the tendencies of Portuguese ceramic tiles to develop pathological problems. For this purpose, “chacotas” are reproduced with chemical and mineralogical compositions similar to 17th and 18th century tile fragments obtained from churches in Pernambuco. For the evaluation of the tendencies of developing pathologies, the “chacotas” are submitted to XRF and XRD techniques and tests of destructive character (flexural rupture, chemical attacks, and absorption content), in which the compilations of the obtained data bring information about the behavior of the different mixtures studied. The data obtained from the reproduction methodology of the pieces were coherent with the estimated chemical and mineralogical compositions, indicating the possibility of developing studies of ancient tiles from reproductions. The analyses show that the compositions of the mixtures reproduced influence the mechanical and chemical resistance properties of the materials. And also indicates that different percentages of absorption can contribute to a tile with greater or lesser tendency to develop anomalies over the years. The flexural strenght techniques and absortion tests indicated an inverse relation which the more resistant the ceramic bodie is, the lower its porosity and its percentage of absortion. For the relation between the absortion levels and chemical attacks, this work indicated a direct condition where the higher the porosity and absorption of the material, the greater the degradation by chemical attacks. Finally, the study identified that mixtures with higher compositions of silica and iron associated with lower amounts of calcium produce more intact and resistant pieces with less tendency to develop pathological problems.
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2
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KATIA BOTELHO TORRES GALINDO DE SOUZA
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Experimental and Numerical Study of the Influence of the Minerals Dissolution on the Characteristics of Synthetic Carbonate Rocks with Injection of a Reactive Fluid
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Líder : LEONARDO JOSE DO NASCIMENTO GUIMARAES
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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ANALICE FRANCA LIMA AMORIM
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IGOR FERNANDES GOMES
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ALESSANDRA LEE BARBOSA FIRMO
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FLÁVIA DE OLIVEIRA LIMA FALCÃO
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OSVALDO JOSE CORREIA FILHO
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Data: 31-ene-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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The dissolution processes resulting from the injection and extraction of fluids modify the physical and mechanical properties of rocks, which can generate problems that affect various engineering applications that can cause changes in the natural and built environment. The main motivation of this research was to evaluate the change in the stiffness and shear strength of synthetic carbonate rocks submitted to a reactive injection fluid. There for, it is presented laboratorial tests carried out with two types of cemented carbonatic rock artificially produced. The synthetic rocks were subjected to physical characterization tests (mineralogy, computed tomography, porosity, etc.) and mechanical characterization (Uniaxial Compressive Strength test and indirect tensile tests), before and after the dissolution process to check changes in samples. The dissolution test was performed in a modified oedometer cell, which allows measurements of horizontal displacements, where the loading and dissolution phases were performed, using water and an acid solution, to evaluate the influence of pH on their initial characteristics of the samples. From the analysis of X-ray diffraction, it was possible to observe an increase in the values of porosity and permeability in the samples, with the maximum porosity being quantified of 57.8%, due to the dissolution of minerals. During dissolution, it was observed that the horizontal stress increased linearly and the maximum volumetric strain was 12.8%, due to the loss of mass, which also reflected in the mechanical characteristics, since the samples lost about 72% of the strength after the dissolution with the acid solution. In the numerical simulation, the tool used was CODE-BRIGHT (COupled DEformation BRine Gas and Heat Transport), a finite element code developed for THMC coupled problems (term, hydro, mechanical, and chemical). The constitutive model used was the BBM (Basic Barcelona Model), based on the proposal of the chemical-elastoplastic model by Castellanza & Nova (2004), which is a model that present the plastic deformations resulting from the chemical effect, characterizing the chemical degradation. To validate the proposed model, experimental dissolution tests were simulated. The study carried out in this thesis was important to understand how the dissolution of the connections between the grains lead to changes in macro scales, such as the loss of mechanical strength causing irreversible damage to the rock.
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3
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EDUARDO BARCELOS BONTEMPO FILHO
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Temporal Analysis of Oil Contamination Related to Coastal Geodiversity in the Municipality of Cabo de Santo Agostinho – PE
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Líder : ROBERTO QUENTAL COUTINHO
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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JOSE FERNANDO THOME JUCA
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TEREZA CRISTINA MEDEIROS DE ARAUJO
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VAGNER ROBERTO ELIS
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HELENICE VITAL
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HERALDO LUIZ GIACHETI
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Data: 14-feb-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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During the months of August to November 2019, the coastal region of Northeast Brazil was the scene of what is already classified as the biggest environmental disaster on the Brazilian coast, impacting coastal ecosystems in 11 states and a diversity of ecosystems related to different geological configurations such as sandy beaches, rocky shores, estuaries, tidal flats, mangroves and reef systems. In this research, a temporal analysis of the occurrence of remaining contamination was carried out on three beaches (Paiva, Itapuama and Enseada dos Corais) in the Municipality of Cabo de Santo Agostinho, State of Pernambuco. The main objective is to investigate the relationship between the remaining contamination in different geological configurations: sediments and rock surfaces. In this way, a temporal model of the effect of oil contamination in relation to the types of geological substrate existing in the region was constructed. Comparing the results of this unprecedented event in a tropical region will allow for a better prediction of future problems of the same nature. The approach focused on the systematic mapping of residues, collection of sediment samples through trenches, photographic documentation and qualitative microscopic analysis. The analysis of granulometry, calcium carbonate and total organic matter provided a characterization of current deposition systems. Images were also collected by drone of a rocky shore to monitor the contamination. The environments studied comprise sandy beaches, rocky shores, hard surfaces such as corals and beach sandstones (beachrocks). An evaluation of the effect of contamination on surfaces formed by geological formations was also carried out, considering the presence of structures such as natural fractures, joints and dissolution cavities produced in hard substrates. This research also allowed the elaboration of a schematic model of the evolution of the contamination generated by the monitoring work that summarizes the destination of the oil residues in the three beaches studied in different temporal stages. Thus, the research prove that a large part of the contaminant was removed by the immediate action carried out by volunteers and by government agents and by the highly dynamic process that controls erosion and seasonal deposition in the studied sandy beach profiles. It was possible to qualitatively identify the level of persistence of the contaminant in relation to the morphology and composition of the impacted substrates. The observed effects were compared with other disasters and allowed establishing a framework of knowledge that will be important for the mitigation and monitoring of eventual disasters due to contamination of oil or derivatives.
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4
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OTÁVIO JOAQUIM DA SILVA JÚNIOR
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Influence of Physical and Mechanical Properties on Sound Insulation of Gypsum Block
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Líder : TIAGO ANCELMO DE CARVALHO PIRES DE OLIVEIRA
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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ARNALDO MANOEL PEREIRA CARNEIRO
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STELAMARIS ROLLA BERTOLI
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MARCO ANTONIO SILVA PINHEIRO
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YÊDA VIEIRA PÓVOAS
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ÂNGELO JUST DA COSTA E SILVA
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Data: 16-feb-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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The sound insulation of vertical fences against airborne noise is a function of their internal properties, such as density, stiffness and damping, and increasing sound insulation requires knowledge of these properties and their influence on microstructural behavior. This research aims to characterize the physical, mechanical and microstructural properties of the gypsum paste, and the acoustic properties of seals made with precast gypsum blocks, produced with gypsum and additions of natural perlite, expanded perlite, vermiculite and alumina, being correlated the internal properties of the materials with their sound insulation capacity. The analysis of the acoustic properties was extended to two specific conditions, double walls with elastic separation and composite block with stone wool plate. The acoustic characterization of the plaster blocks was carried out by tests of structural reverberation time and sound reduction index (R). The composites directly affected the mechanical properties of the plaster block, reducing its density and, consequently, its mechanical capacity. The granular additions, expanded perlite and vermiculite, suffered the greatest reductions, reaching losses of 50% in compressive strength. The microstructural changes, observed in the scanning electron microscope (SEM), were perceptible when the water/plaster ratio was modified, with the increase in the water/plaster ratio providing a greater spacing between the crystals, making them thinner and elongated. The acoustic analysis showed that the application of viscoelastic material between the walls significantly contributes to reducing the structural reverberation time, directly affecting the critical frequency and contributing to an increase in the sound reduction index. The sound insulation of the composite blocks of vermiculite and alumina showed the highest efficiency in sound insulation capacity, promoting gains of up to 20% with only 5% of addition. This work is expected to contribute to the production of plaster blocks with greater acoustic efficiency, providing the civil construction market with alternatives to guarantee the necessary acoustic insulation.
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5
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RENAN GUSTAVO PACHÊCO SOARES
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Structural Performance of Reinforced Concrete Buildings with Frames Filled with Sealing Masonry
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Líder : ROMILDE ALMEIDA DE OLIVEIRA
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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TIAGO ANCELMO DE CARVALHO PIRES DE OLIVEIRA
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RENATO DE SIQUEIRA MOTTA
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JOSE JEFERSON DO REGO SILVA
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JOAO MANOEL DE FREITAS MOTA
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JOSÉ AFONSO PEREIRA VITÓRIO
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Data: 24-feb-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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As a sealing element, ceramic block masonry panels have been commonly adopted in multi-story buildings. In Brazil, although its use is being considered at the design stage only as a function of filling spaces, it has contributed to the redistribution of stresses and reduction of deformations, due to the increase in the rigidity of the system. Currently, some international standards specify parameters related to design considerations, but with caveats and restrictions, in addition to differences between them that lead to discrepant results. It appears that the scientific community has not yet reached a consensus with regard to the effective widths of the diagonals, discontinuities of the panels and characterization in the design stage of the behavior closer to the actual performance in service. Thus, the present study focused on defining the behavior of structural systems of reinforced concrete buildings, considering the influence of ceramic block masonry panels. This is done through numerical analysis, with the help of Eberick and ANSYS software. For this, a 27-story building was modeled, located in the city of Recife-PE. In the first stage, the method of equivalent diagonals was used to model 16 different structural systems considering the masonry panel of ceramic blocks as filling. The evaluated variables were the critical points related to tensions and deformations. In the second stage, the finite element method was used to evaluate the system locally. The results found in the first analysis showed divergence between the equivalent diagonals, with 25% of the mathematical models not fitting the problem. The insertion of masonry panels in the system contributed to a redistribution of efforts, reduction of lateral displacements, global stability, P-delta effect, global geometric imperfections, dynamic analysis, horizontal accelerations and natural frequency. In the numerical analysis by finite elements, the reduction of lateral deformations was also verified. Some efforts influenced the contact interfaces and panel edges, resulting in sliding and detachment effects. In panels with discontinuities, it was verified that the equivalent diagonal does not present the same behavior as a fully filled panel. The equivalent diagonal was characterized, with an average value of . This value has a good approximation with previous formulations, diverging on average by only 3.46%. It was found that the effect of peeling coatings on buildings is not just a question of the materials involved, but also of the structural behavior of the system.
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6
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MARILIA DANTAS DA SILVA
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Analyses of Piles Partially Embedded in Rock
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Líder : ROBERTO QUENTAL COUTINHO
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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FRANCISCO DE REZENDE LOPES
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FAICAL MASSAD
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PAULO GUSTAVO CAVALCANTE LINS
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ROBERTO QUENTAL COUTINHO
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ROBSON RIBEIRO LIMA
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WILSON CARTAXO SOARES
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Data: 27-feb-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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In the design of piles partially embedded in rock, the main factors that influence the strength and deformability of the rock and the transmission of loads from pile to rock are of utmost relevance to pile behaviour. Although useful, most empirical methods were developed by comparing limited databases from specific regions, presenting differences in geological conditions, drilling methods and other features. The research deals with a case of piles partially embedded in rock located in the West Zone of the Recife Metropolitan Region, in the town of São Lourenço da Mata, Pernambuco, Brazil. The rock mass consists of ancient deposits, formed mainly by granites of different compositions, gneiss and schists. The deposits have been intensely deformed by several superimposed tectonic processes. Rotative and percussive perforations identified what was considered a "rocky top" at depths ranging from the surface to 12.70 meters, and the first meters drilled in rock are always described as being of low quality, presenting low recovery, marked alteration and intense fracturing. The results of compressive strength were quite variable, ranging from 12.3 to 121.4 MPa, indicating that such values should be considered very carefully and should include other main parameters of the rock in the analysis, such as the discontinuities of the rocky massif. Some laboratory tests were carried out with the purpose of characterizing, classifying the rocky mass and estimating the load capacity of the piles, using the results of uniaxial compression resistance of intact rock, the main parameter for design. Results from 99 dynamic loading tests enabled comparison between the mobilized lateral and mobilized pile toe resistance, with the estimated capacity obtained from the design methods known in the literature (Rosemberg & Journeaux (1976), Horvath (1978), Meigh & Wolski ( 1979), Poulos & Davis (1980), Cabral & Antunes (2000), Rowe & Armitage (1987), AASHTO (1996), Zhang & Einstein (1998), España (2011) e Xu et al. (2020)). In the prediction, the lateral (shear) resistancedue to pile penetration in residual soil was also considered. Because failure was not reached in the dynamic tests, the estimated capacity was much higher than the mobilized resistance. The lateral resistance mobilized by the soil was between 28% and 35% of the total mobilized capacity. The design method from España (2011), Cabral & Antunes (2000) and AASHTO (1996) achieved the most consistent results compared to the mobilized capacity obtained from the dynamic loading tests. Five static loading tests indicated conventional failure loads greater than the mobilized resistancein the 99 dynamic tests. The static tests and some of the dynamic tests were also analyzed by the application of Massad's (1992, 1993) interpretation method. The model conceived by Massad was also applied by himself in several other publications. This mathematical model allows the separation of friction mobilized in soil and rock and toe resistance mobilized by the pile in rock, with distributions compatible with those obtained from CAPWAP analyses. As the tests did not reach the pile failure, parameters of deformability of the rock were retro-analyzed. The variability of the values of Young module found was in a wide range, as expected, due to the marked alteration and intense fracturing of the rock. Regarding the resistance mobilized by friction in the rock, as a function of the uniaxial compressive strength of the specimens extracted from the rocky material, no reliable correlations were obtained, which was justified by the high alteration and intense fracturing of the rock mass.
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7
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TÚLIO DE MOURA CAVALCANTE
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Simulation of Immiscible Two-phase Flow in 3-D Naturally Fractured Reservoirs Using a Locally Conservative Method, a Projection-Based Embedded Discrete Fracture Model and Unstructured Tetrahedral Meshes
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Líder : PAULO ROBERTO MACIEL LYRA
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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RAMIRO BRITO WILLMERSDORF
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IGOR FERNANDES GOMES
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MARCIO ARAB MURAD
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MÁRCIO RODRIGO DE ARAÚJO SOUZA
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PHILIPPE REMY BERNARD DEVLOO
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Data: 10-mar-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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Fluid flow in fractured porous media is a truly relevant phenomenon, because most of the remaining oil reserves around the world reside in this type of formations, in addition to the fact that fractures are also present in less deep layers of the crust, which makes them also influential in water extraction and waste dispersion. Two-phase flow can be mathematically described by a set of nonlinear partial differential equations but modeling this type of problem represents a great challenge, due to the complexity of depositional environments, beyond the presence of the fractures. In such cases, it is particularly complex to construct structured meshes capable of adequately modeling the reservoir. In this work, a new strategy was developed to simulate the two-phase flow in three-dimensional fractured porous media whose model is discretized as a mesh of tetrahedrons. Such a strategy is based on a multi-point flux approximation that uses the so-called "diamond stencil" (MPFA-D), considering an Embedded Discrete Fractures Model (EDFM) and a projection-based EDFM (pEDFM) to include the influences of fractures in the reservoir global model. The MPFA-D is a robust and flexible formulation, capable of handling highly heterogeneous and anisotropic domains, achieving second order accuracy on the scalar variable, and at least first order accuracy for fluxes. However, as other linear MPFA methods, it does not formally guarantee monotone solutions and may return spurious oscillations in the pressure field for highly anisotropic permeability tensors or extremely distorted meshes. To handle this problem, it was developed a non-linear defect correction alternative to enforce the Discrete Maximum Principle (DMP). Besides, EDFM and pEDFM avoid the additional complexity of aligning fractures with edges or faces of the computational mesh, turning its construction more flexible. The saturation terms of the mathematical model are discretized according to the forward Euler method, in context of a fully implicit numerical scheme. In short, the present work intends to present a robust, flexible and computationally efficient tool capable of handling fractured reservoirs, using 3-D unstructured tetrahedral meshes, when simulating two-phase flows.
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8
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JOSE ELOIM SILVA DE MACEDO
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Development of Optimization Models Based on Evolutionary Techniques for the Design of Water Distribution Networks
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Líder : JOSE ROBERTO GONCALVES DE AZEVEDO
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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SILVANETE SEVERINO DA SILVA
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ANDERSON LUIZ RIBEIRO DE PAIVA
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ARTUR PAIVA COUTINHO
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LEIDJANE MARIA MACIEL DE OLIVEIRA
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MARCO AURELIO HOLANDA DE CASTRO
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Data: 05-abr-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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High population growth makes new water distribution network (WDN) projects being designed daily. These networks are an essential part of the water supply systems, continuously and uninterruptedly transporting potable water from reservoirs to the end users, guaranteeing quality, quantity and adequate pressure. However, due to the high implementation and operation costs, and the specific complexity of each network, designers and researchers are developing optimization models that seek the best and most solutions for the sizing, with the lowest possible computational cost. Thus, this thesis presents two new optimization methodologies. The first one is a hybrid model, composed by the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Tabu Search (TS) algorithms, called H-PSOTS. PSO is based on the dynamics and social behavior of several animal species, while TS is a method that limits repetitive movements on the search. The inclusion of TS in PSO makes the search more efficient, avoiding unnecessary calculations during the solution updates. Both, PSO and TS are evolutionary algorithms, whose optimization technique is metaheuristic, and stand out for presenting robust and logical search strategies. However, the randomness in the formation of the initial solution set of the problem, characteristic of this type of algorithm, can lead to premature convergence in a local optimum and to a reduction in computational efficiency, making the search more exhaustive. To solve this problem, the second proposed model, called PSO-Reboot Cycles or PSO-RC, objective a greater global exploration of the search space with cycles of the algorithm's own reinitialization, without losing information from previous searches, such as the position of the last local optimum found. The models proposed were evaluated on three benchmark problems and on the Panelas-PE water distribution network, and presented better performances than the conventional PSO, resulting in better “optimal” solutions and shorter processing time. Therefore, the proposed methodologies are promising for efficient sizing of water distribution networks.
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9
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PEDRO EUGENIO SILVA DE OLIVEIRA
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Estimate Of Average Settlement In Foundation: A New Method
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Líder : SILVIO ROMERO DE MELO FERREIRA
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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BERNADETE RAGONI DANZIGER
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LEONARDO JOSE DO NASCIMENTO GUIMARAES
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MAURÍCIO MARTINES SALES
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OLAVO FRANCISCO DOS SANTOS JUNIOR
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PAULO JOSE ROCHA DE ALBUQUERQUE
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Data: 11-abr-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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The concept of deep and superficial foundation undergoes an international process of revisitation. Of the various issues raised, the main question is the behavior of composite foundations, such as the piled raft. Which is composed of the junction of superficial and deep foundations, both working concomitantly. However, recently the paradigm has been inverted, meaning that composite foundations are no longer written as presenting two dimensions (superficial and deep), but superficial and deep foundations would be a particular and extreme case of the piled raft that starts to represent the generalization of the foundation concept from this point of view. Therefore, themes are intertwined to weave the background of knowledge about the behavior of foundations. Topics such as group effect, verification of the service limit state and optimization of the arrangement of the piles in the system, assume centrality in the research and development of the articles. From the world to Brazil, from Brazil to Pernambuco, efforts are being made to answer questions regarding this new paradigm. Research carried out in Recife, such as by Oliveira et al (2018), Amorim (2019) and Almeida et al (2020), is moving towards elucidating pertinent issues and advancing issues of systematized knowledge so far. This work is based on the extended concept of foundations and aligns with regional and international efforts, to propose a new methodology to predict the average settlement of buildings, that works as a staked raft or at its end as agroup of piles. As a result, it is possible to demonstrate and find a parameter that relates the rigidity of the system (λ), reducing the typically non-linear analysis to a linear and easier-to-manipulate analysis of Improvement Factor versus Demand for Piles (N). 159 cases were evaluated (throughout the bibliographic review) for the application of the methodology, of which 6 were used. Soon after, parametric analysis, numerical validation with two finite element softwares and application for 9 research/construction cases are carried out, of which 3 studied internationally, 2 studied nationally and 4 locally. All the results of the methodology adjustments have an R² correlation coefficient greater than 0.89. A fact that confirms its great potential for application for practical purposes in foundation engineering. Finally, the possibility of estimating λ based on the methodology of Mandolini (2012) is analyzed, which considers the geometry of the foundation. A modification to the method is suggested, in order to consider the peculiarities of the foundation system associated with improvement columns. As a conclusion, the hypothesis is confirmed, and it is demonstrated that it is possible to estimate the foundation settlements in rafts from the proposed methodology.
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10
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ANTONIO GUSTAVO DOS SANTOS NETO
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Formation of Microalgae-Bacterial Aggregates in High Rate Algal Ponds Aiming at the Recovery of Resources and Wastewater Treatment
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Líder : MARIA DE LOURDES FLORENCIO DOS SANTOS
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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BRUNA SCANDOLARA MAGNUS
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ELIZABETH AMARAL PASTICH GONCALVES
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GUSTAVO HENRIQUE RIBEIRO DA SILVA
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MARCIO GOMES BARBOZA
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MARIA LÚCIA CALIJURI
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Data: 20-abr-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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High Rate Algal Ponds (HRAP) for sewage treatment and microalgae production are a technology that has been studied since the 1950s. In these systems, the biomass can be used as several value-added products. However algae harvesting is still a challenge, once it is an expensive process, which often uses chemical products or demands a lot of energy. The present work proposes a biological alternative to be applied in HRAP in order to improve the efficiency of biomass harvesting, allowing sewage treatment and resource recovery, which are the microalgae-bacteria aggregates. In the first stage, a strategy was developed for the formation of these structures, which consisted of inoculating 50L HRAPs with activated sludge, and no need for microalgae inoculation. In addition, the systems were operated with biomass recirculation. From this experiment, it was observed that the applied conditions were favorable for the formation of aggregates, which demonstrated SVI30 of 32.0±5.0 mL.g-1, flocculation efficiency of 77.5±6.3%, and COD removal and ammoniacal nitrogen around 80%. Moreover, the formed aggregates contained chlorophytes, cyanobacteria and diatoms, and the protein fraction of EPS was associated with its formation process. The second and third stages of this study evaluated the effect of inoculation with the use of activated sludge, as well as the increase in water depth, on the biomass formation process, sedimentability, sewage treatment and resource recovery. For this, 3 high-rate ponds fed with effluents from a UASB reactor were operated: the first was not inoculated, had a usable volume of 2.4m³ and a usable depth of 0.3m (LAT30SL); the second was inoculated with activated sludge, had a usable volume of 2.4m³ and usable depth of 0.3m (LAT30CL); the third, which was also inoculated with activated sludge, had a usable volume of 4m³ and a useful height of 0.5m (LAT50CL). The operational strategy at all stages consisted in an initial operation for biomass formation, followed by operation in a continuous regime. In this way, both the insertion of activated sludge and the increase in pond depth, contributed to control pH and dissolved oxygen. Filamentous microalgae were associated with the aggregate formation process in LAT30CL and LAT50CL. The sedimentability assessment demonstrated that LAT30CL and LAT50CL obtained higher efficiencies (82% and 92%) than the conventional HRAP – LAT30SL (63%). Besides, it was also observed that the increase in depth contributed to the increase in solids and chlorophyll a productivity. Ponds inoculated with sludge also indicated more efficient in organic matter removal, however they contained nitrate due to nitrification activity. The three systems behaved similarly in nutrient recovery, obtaining higher concentrations of evaluated compounds when compared to the sludge used for inoculum.
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11
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CARLOS VITOR DA SILVA SARMENTO
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Formulation for the Structural Gallop in Three Degrees of Freedom Via the Finite Element Method: Application in Dynamics Analysis of Wind Turbines with a Non-circular Section Tower
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Líder : PAULO MARCELO VIEIRA RIBEIRO
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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JOSÉ LUÍS VITAL DE BRITO
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DOUGLAS MATEUS DE LIMA
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GUSTAVO DE NOVAES PIRES LEITE
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PAULO FERNANDO SILVA SOUSA
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TIAGO ANCELMO DE CARVALHO PIRES DE OLIVEIRA
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Data: 25-abr-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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The wind energy potential provides an alternative for obtaining electricity in a clean way and with low environmental impact. With this, the global wind sector has been undergoing a constant evolution in its scenario regarding the implementation of parks and development of new technologies. With the increase in the dimensions of wind turbines (upscaling), new towers have been implemented with the aim of overcoming transportation and installation limitations. Among these structures, the following stand out: Hexcrete, tetradecagonal and modular. By escaping from the towers with conventional circular sections, new effects must be considered in the dynamic analysis, among them the structural gallop, which is a phenomenon of aerodynamic instability responsible for causing an increase in the amplitude of the tower (Displacements and rotations). Unlike the circular sections, the analyzed towers have variations in aerodynamic coefficients as a function of the angle of attack. This approach allows analyzing regions susceptible to structural gallop considering the three degrees of freedom: two translational (parallel and transversal to the wind direction) and one rotational. To obtain the aerodynamic coefficients, and their derivatives, computer simulations were performed for the sections in question through the ANSYS program in its CFX module. Once the numerical tests were carried out, abacuses were created for application in the structural module. To compute the aerodynamic loads of the rotor, simulations were performed in the FAST program, using the NREL 5-MW model turbine, allowing validations with the literature. In possession of the aerodynamic parameters of the tower and load on the rotor, it was applied in the code in MATLAB. Comparisons with the other formulations found in the literature for structural and aerodynamic damping indicated that the three-degree-of-freedom (MEF) system provides the designer with the ability to indicate regions more vulnerable to structural gallop, and also allows capturing effects not computed by the other analyses. that may impact structural stability. The tower was analyzed for different sections (non-circular) and adopting various load cases and wind incidence angle, evaluating the susceptibility to aerodynamic instability.
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12
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AMANDA RODRIGUES SANTOS COSTA
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Life Cycle Sustainability Analysis of urban waste management systems: the case of the city of Paulista/PE, Brazil
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Líder : JOSE FERNANDO THOME JUCA
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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MAURICIO ALVES DA MOTTA SOBRINHO
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LUCIANA DE FIGUEIRÊDO LOPES LUCENA
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GERALDO ANTONIO REICHERT
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CLAUDIA COUTINHO NOBREGA
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BERTRAND SAMPAIO DE ALENCAR
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Data: 27-abr-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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The management of urban solid waste is a challenge for municipalities due to its complexity and related costs. The National Solid Waste Policy established integrated management as a principle, with a clear and systemic approach, considering the life cycle. The Sustainability Life Cycle Analysis includes, in addition to the environmental analysis, Life Cycle Costing and Social Life Cycle Assessment. Thus, this study aims to use this methodology to analyze the economic, social and environmental performance of urban solid waste management systems as a support for structuring guidelines and public policies. For that, a case study was developed in the city of Paulista, Pernambuco, Brazil. The application of the Life Cycle Sustainability Analysis methodology followed the guidelines of the ABNT NBR ISO 14040 standard. The analysis of the solid household waste management system of the municipality allowed the identification of environmental impacts, verifying that the stage of common collection and landfilling of waste in a landfill without energy recovery are the processes that contribute most to the impact categories analyzed. The life cycle cost demonstrates that there is no financial sustainability, as there is a relevant commitment of the municipal budget and there is no financial self-sufficiency, due to the low collection with the fees charged for the services. The Social Life Cycle Assessment made it possible to verify that the current system of the municipality partially complies with the principles of the legislation, requiring improvements in the communication mechanism with the population and the commitment of the public power with sustainability actions. In view of the analysis of the city's current system, waste management scenarios were proposed based on different recovery percentages of the dry fraction (with selective collection, sorting and recycling) and the wet fraction (through composting) and the final disposal in sanitary landfill with energy recovery. It was observed that the highest material recovery rates resulted in improvement of all impact categories, with the exception of terrestrial acidification, which, due to composting, presented high values. Recycling was the main activity responsible for offsetting negative environmental impacts in all scenarios. The scenario in which there is a recovery target of 20% of the dry fraction and 30% of the organic waste is the scenario with the lowest net cost, showing a reduction of almost 34% in costs. The scenario with the highest waste recovery rates did not present the best net cost, as composting represents a high operation and maintenance value and larger volumes sent to this unit represent higher costs, even with the generation of a by-product that can be sold. However, in no scenario is there financial sustainability, evidencing the adjustment in the collection rate. As for social aspects, the insertion of recyclable material collectors, greater investments in actions to recover materials involving the population, as well as demanding greater participation from the public authorities, represent an improvement. In general, aggregation of the methods into a single index is not indicated, but it is possible to infer that scenarios with higher rates of waste recovery have a tendency to be more sustainable, but the limit at which composting is efficient in reducing impacts and minimizing costs must be observed.
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13
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CARLOS FABRICIO ASSUNCAO DA SILVA
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Spatial Analysis of the Environmental Impacts Generated by Official and Unofficial Roads Whitin Indigenous Land of the Amazon Biome
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Líder : MAURICIO OLIVEIRA DE ANDRADE
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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FABRIZIA GIOPPO NUNES
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ALEX MOTA DOS SANTOS
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ANISIO BRASILEIRO DE FREITAS DOURADO
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SIMONE SAYURI SATO
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VIVIANE ADRIANO FALCAO
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Data: 11-may-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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The thesis document consists of two articles, which analyze the influence of the road network on Indigenous Lands (TIs) located in the Amazon Biome. Thus, the main objective is to carry out a spatial analysis of the environmental impacts generated by the construction and operation of official and unofficial roads within and around (10 km buffer) of the Indigenous Lands. The hypothesis of this research is that, as official and unofficial roads cross or are close to Indigenous Lands, there is a tendency to increase the deforested area and the number of active hot spots. For Article 1, the methodology was implemented in a Geographic Information System and applied the methods: Gaussian Mixture Model, Weighted Least Squares Regression (WLS), and Generalized Linear Models (GLM). In the second article, regression by ordinary least squares and the Kernel Density Estimator was used. The main results of the first article revealed six clusters. Some ILs suffer direct impacts from the roads, while others are better preserved. Regression models revealed that active hot spots, illegal mining, and unofficial roads within ILs are the drivers of deforestation. The overall results indicated that for every 1km of unofficial road, deforestation increases by 0.036 km². However, when analyzing regression models for clusters, we conclude that only 45% of the land is currently affected by road infrastructure. The results for the second article reveal that, in total, 16 to 46% of fires occurred within ILs in most states, while the 10 km buffer was the region most affected by the fire. It was confirmed that in the last three years, there was a significant increase in the number of active fires, representing anomalies in the occurrence of fires over the period studied. The main conclusions of this thesis confirm the hypothesis that the official and unofficial road network, directly and indirectly, influences deforestation and the increase in hot spots inside and outside indigenous lands in the Amazon Biome. This implies the exposure of communities, putting their physical and cultural survival at risk, and the expropriation of natural resources in areas of Indigenous Lands. In this way, the Thesis can support responsible institutions by subsidizing strategies to combat the revealed scenarios and conflicts. Thus, more effective inspection and management actions are suggested to preserve the socio-biodiversity of Indigenous Lands.
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14
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ALEXSON CAETANO DA SILVA
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Hydrological Stress as a Guide in Guaranteeing Water Safety Guarantee
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Líder : JOSE ROBERTO GONCALVES DE AZEVEDO
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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ANDERSON LUIZ RIBEIRO DE PAIVA
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ARTUR PAIVA COUTINHO
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CARLOS DE OLIVEIRA GALVÃO
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LEIDJANE MARIA MACIEL DE OLIVEIRA
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MICAELLA RAISSA FALCAO DE MOURA
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Data: 23-may-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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The management of water resources needs tools to help decision-making in the multipleactivities related to water. The dissemination and application of methods that can increaseefficiency and assertiveness is crucial for successful decisions. The present study brings twotools to assist in this decision-making: the degree of hydrological stress (HS) and automaticcalibration. In this sense, the degree of hydrological stress for the Goiana river basin isdetermined, the indicator defines threshold values for the proportion between the peak value ofthe set of demand flows and a given percentile of the permanence curve according to thecriteria for concession of grant from the State, thus evaluating levels of hydrological stress inthe studied sub-basins. The other tool studied in the work is the sensitivity analysis andautomatic calibration of hydrological parameters, for the Goiana basin. A hydrological modelingstructure of the basin was built in the PCSMMM hydrodynamic model (Personal ComputerStorm Water Management Model) and the analyzes were carried out in 10 sub-basins. Basedon the model developed for the basin, the resources available in the PCSWMM for sensitivityanalysis and automatic calibration, known as SRTC (Sensitivity-based Radio TuningCalibration), were used initially to evaluate the most sensitive parameters and then to performthe adjustment of basin parameters. The results pointed to a situation of “High” hydrologicalstress (HS) in the Nazaré da Mata sub-basin, with approximately 94.76% of conceivable flowutilization. Given these results, this part of the work reinforces the importance of constantmonitoring of data on water use demand in the region and the improvement of granting criteria by management bodies. For the analysis of automatic calibration, the results show a veryadvanced performance of the tools, bringing speed and confidence to the decision making ofwater resources managers.
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15
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REJANE LUCENA
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Integrated Management of Risks and Disasters associated with Mass Movements with an emphasis on Institutional and Community Resiliences: An Analysis of Resilience Indicators in Areas of the Municipality of Jaboatão dos Guararapes - PE
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Líder : ROBERTO QUENTAL COUTINHO
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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ROBERTO QUENTAL COUTINHO
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FABIANO ROCHA DINIZ
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ROBSON RIBEIRO LIMA
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SAUL BARBOSA GUEDES
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RACHEL TRAJBER
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CYNTHIA CARNEIRO DE ALBUQUERQUE SUASSUNA
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Data: 29-may-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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In this thesis, the object of study is the growth of increasingly intense risks and disasters, which have caused human, social, environmental and economic damage, as well as a series of concerns at the national and international levels, in favor of construction of strategies aimed at the resilience of cities due to these phenomena. It discusses global treaties, such as the Sendai Framework (2015-2030), the New Urban Agenda (2030) and legal instruments at the national and international levels, such as the principles and guidelines aimed at analyzing prevention, mitigation, preparation, response and recovery (Law No. 12,608/2012), considering public power interventions and their role with social subjects in the context of risk perception and community resilience. Challenges and obstacles regarding the construction of a resilient city are also discussed, guided by the following research question: To what extent does the Municipality of Jaboatão dos Guararapes, a city in the Metropolitan Region of Recife (RMR), in Pernambuco, have invested in Integrated Risk and Disaster Management? It is assumed that institutional and community resilience are built from subsidies related to risk and disaster governance actions and sustainable territorial management, in addition to the compatibility of structural and non-structural actions aimed at building resilience in the city. The relevance of the study is given by the elaboration in this thesis of a system of indicators to relate the degree of institutional resilience (GrResInst) to the degree of community resilience (GrResCom) and, in this way, establish the degree of resilience of the city (GrResCid) of Jaboatão of Guararapes in relation to risks and disasters. Thus, the general objective is: to analyze to what extent the Municipality of Jaboatão of Guararapes, a city in the Metropolitan Region of Recife (RMR), in Pernambuco, has invested in Integrated Risk and Disaster Management, to establish institutional and community capacity to build city resilience. The results involved data referring to 3 (three) institutional resilience indicators, with 13 (thirteen) sub-indicators and 120 (one hundred and twenty) questions, as well as about 3 (three) community resilience indicators with 6 (six) sub-indicators and 71 (seventy-one) questions, assigning, from the intersection of these data, the degree of resilience of the city. The indicators provide a better assessment of strengths and weaknesses in risk and disaster management, in addition to allowing the construction of instruments for the organization and decision-making processes regarding governance. The study demonstrated that the municipal management of Jaboatão dos Guararapes has developed strategic actions at the institutional and community levels, resulting in an average degree (2.27) in the resilience of the city and, in this sense, has sought solutions to the problems of risks and disasters that need to be addressed in the short, medium and long terms.
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16
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DANISETE PEREIRA DE SOUZA NETO
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Evaluation of the Behavior of Embankments Built on Soft Soil: Geotechnical Monitoring and Two-dimensional and Three-dimensional Numerical Modeling
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Líder : ROBERTO QUENTAL COUTINHO
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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IGOR FERNANDES GOMES
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ROBSON RIBEIRO LIMA
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SAUL BARBOSA GUEDES
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BERNADETE RAGONI DANZIGER
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RICARDO NASCIMENTO FLORES SEVERO
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Data: 30-may-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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Embankments on soft soils represent a significant challenge in geotechnical engineering due to the complexity associated with low shear strength and high compressibility. The general objective of this research is to develop a three-dimensional modeling of a embankment built on soft soil, considering the analysis of pore pressure and vertical and horizontal displacements, aiming to contribute to the understanding of the behavior of the embankment. The analysis and interpretation of geotechnical monitoring seeks to improve the understanding of the three-dimensional model, the embankment stability control and its possible practical applications in geotechnical engineering. The Rocscience RS3 program was used for three-dimensional modeling and, when necessary, two-dimensional analysis was applied with the RS2 program, also from Rocscience. Monitoring was carried out through the interpretation of instruments such as inclinometer, settlement plate, surface mark and pneumatic piezometer. Through the methods of controlling the stability of employees, an imminent rupture in embankment 5 was identified, which was later confirmed. It was also possible to observe that embankment 3 was at risk of rupture and work stoppage, providing a momentary safety condition. The analysis of vertical displacements in different embankment revealed different and variable behaviors depending on the construction methods adopted and the local conditions of the soft soil deposit. The results of the 2D and 3D numerical simulations showed a good prediction of the embankment behavior, considering the Modified Cam-Clay model.
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17
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GILMAR GONÇALVES DE BRITO
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Real Time Monitoring System for Geotechnical Application on Slopes-RTMSGAS
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Líder : ROBERTO QUENTAL COUTINHO
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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IGOR FERNANDES GOMES
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SAUL BARBOSA GUEDES
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ROBSON RIBEIRO LIMA
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RODOLFO MOREDA MENDES
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MEUSE NOGUEIRA DE OLIVEIRA JÚNIOR
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Data: 31-may-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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Understanding the geokinetic behavior of mass movements in landslides is of vital importance as a way of preventing and mitigating human and environmental damage. In this study, the development of a Real Time Hillside Geotechnical Monitoring System (SMGRETR), model was implemented in an urban area susceptible to landslides, within the Metropolitan Region of Recife-PE, Brazil. For this, a set of geotechnical and pluviometric measurement equipment using instruments such as: inclinometer, pluviometer, soil moisture content measurement sensors (magnetometry and electromagnetic wave emission), were integrated with electronic devices and analysis methods, in order to guarantee the functionality and automation of the systems, as described below: 1) software (server) with processing and storage in clouds and hardware based on the concepts of internet of things - IOT; 2) Communication technologies – LoRa, GPRS/GSM and GPS/GNSS; 3) Microelectromechanical system – MEMS; 4) a system for processing and storing data in clouds (SPAN), which receives information (data) from its respective sensors and the Pernambuco Water and Climate Agency – APAC; 5) Energy management system with the respective energy modules (photovoltaic plate). In addition, as a methodological strategy, an automated system for measuring soil moisture content was developed using a microwave oven to allow calibration and measurement of the system's moisture content sensors. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed model can provide accurate information on geotechnical aspects with a greater breadth of analysis, establishing a comprehensive method for the investigation and monitoring of slopes. On the other hand, even due to the reduction of operational costs and materials used in this project, the system can offer an affordable and reliable strategy compared to other system models on the market.
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18
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GEILSON MÁRCIO ALBUQUERQUE DE VASCONCELOS
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Experimental Analysis of Ceramic Block Walls Submitted to Fire
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Líder : TIAGO ANCELMO DE CARVALHO PIRES DE OLIVEIRA
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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ROMILDE ALMEIDA DE OLIVEIRA
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CRISTIANO CORREA
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FERNANDO ARTUR NOGUEIRA SILVA
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JOSÉ AFONSO PEREIRA VITÓRIO
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LEONARDO MEDEIROS DA COSTA
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Data: 01-jun-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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The ceramic blick masonry construction system has been used in civil construction for a long time. It is necessary, in this sense, to understand its performance at room temperature and fire so that such action becomes relevant, since several fires have occurred in recent years in this type of building. Thus, this thesis sought to contribute to the evaluation of masonry walls made of ceramic blicks common non-structural and structural masonry, when simultaneously subjected to mechanical and thermal loads. The study also evaluated the behavior of insulated ceramic blicks and mortars under high temperatures in three test conditions: hot failure, failure after sudden cooling and failure after slow cooling. Therefore, the work developed an experimental series with 19 walls of common and structural ceramic blicks, analyzes at room temperature and under fire. The fire-tested walls had one of their faces heated according to the standard fire curve ISO 834 (2014) until they reached failure due to thermal insulation, tightness or mechanical strength. Walls with structural blicks tested at room temperature showed low values of resistant capacity, still below normative values and close to practical service loads. In a fire situation, the sealing walls, that is, with common ceramic blicks, failed due to thermal insulation, when there were no loads applied; however, when load was applied, the failure became due to mechanical resistance and low fire resistance, not reaching the 30-minute class. The structural walls, on the other hand, presented a much better fire performance, reaching a class of 150 minutes, failing due to thermal insulation; however, higher loads altered the failure criterion, also reducing the TRRF. Therefore, it can be highlighted that there was a variability in the results, characteristic of ceramic blicks, indicating the need for further research in this area of walls submitted simultaneously to mechanical load and fire.
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19
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JOSÉ CÍCERO ARAUJO DOS SANTOS
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Multiscale and Multilevel Methods with Non Uniform Levels and Control of non Physical Terms for the Simulation of Two Phase Flows in Highly Heterogeneous Petroleum Reservoirs
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Líder : PAULO ROBERTO MACIEL LYRA
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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ALESSANDRO ROMARIO ECHEVARRIA ANTUNES
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ALVARO LUIZ GAYOSO DE AZEREDO COUTINHO
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JOSÉ ROBERTO PEREIRA RODRIGUES
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MÁRCIO RODRIGO DE ARAÚJO SOUZA
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RAMIRO BRITO WILLMERSDORF
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Data: 21-jun-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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Currently, geocellular models of petroleum reservoirs can have sizes on the order of up to 10⁹ control volumes and, in general, dynamic simulation of these models at fine scales is limited in function of the associated considerable computational cost. In general, upscaling techniques are used to define less refined models that can be handled with available resources. These techniques consist of a kind of homogenization of the fine-scale parameters, which im-plies a loss of information and leads to low accuracy (compared to direct simulation on the fine scale), especially for media with high heterogeneity. On the latest decades, Multiscale Finite Volumes (MSFV) methods have been developed to minimize these losses. These techniques use auxiliary meshes, primal and dual on the coarse scale, to define the scale transfer operators, restriction and prolongation, and provide more accurate solutions than those obtained with upscaling techniques at low computational cost relative to the fine-scale direct solution. A major challenge for multiscale methods is modeling flow in very heterogeneous oil reservoirs. This is due to the use of reduced boundary conditions (RBCs) to decouple the global problem at the boundaries of the sub regions. i.e. coarse scale. These boundary conditions are at the core of multiscale methods, as they allow the scale transfer operators definition. However, the RBCs induce non-physical terms, negative transmissibilities, at the transmissibility matrix of the coarse scale, which can lead to spurious solutions. In this work, on the context of the AMS (Algebraic Multiscale Solver), we present two strategies to control non-physical terms: The first groups the volumes of the dual mesh and eliminates RBCs in problematic regions with high permeability contrasts that cross the boundary volumes of this mesh. The second uses the definition of non-uniform levels and maintain on fine scale the volumes that would generate large contributions to the non-physical terms in order to control the non-physical terms in the multilevel transmissibility matrix, as well as, well capturing the saturation front, resulting on the method we called Algebraic Dynamic Multilevel with Non Uniform Levels (NU-ADM). The proposed strategies were successfully applied to obtain approximate solutions of benchmarks that are considered challenging among authors in the field of scale transfer methods in porous media. We use two contexts for application: In the first, we apply our strategies with the Implicit Pressure Explicit Saturation (IMPES) method and use our methods to get an approximate pressure solution and solve the saturation field explicitly at the fine scale. In the second, we apply the strategy with non-uniform levels and the Fully Implicit Method (FIM), where both the pressure and saturation are solved monolithically at the non-uniform multilevel scale.
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20
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CAMILA BORBA RODRIGUES
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UTILIZATION OF WATER TREATMENT PLANT SLUDGE AS RAW MATERIAL IN RED CERAMIC PRODUCTION: effects of calcination and grinding
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Líder : ARNALDO MANOEL PEREIRA CARNEIRO
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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ALINE FIGUEIREDO DA NÓBREGA
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ARNALDO MANOEL PEREIRA CARNEIRO
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EUDES DE ARIMATÉA ROCHA
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JANAIDE CAVALCANTE ROCHA
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MARIA ISABEL MORAIS TORRES
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YÊDA VIEIRA PÓVOAS
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Data: 06-jul-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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The construction industry is increasingly looking for sustainable and economically viable alternatives for building materials production. In this context, drinking water treatment sludge (DWTS) has emerged as a potential alternative raw material to clay in the production of red ceramics. However, various authors have contested the use of this residue because the quality of the ceramic material has been compromised due to the characteristics of the sludge, such as particle size and high organic matter content. This study investigates the influence of DWTS calcination and grinding on the quality of ceramic materials produced from binary mixtures of DWTS and clay. Samples of DWTS and clay were collected in the Metropolitan Region of Recife (RMR), and physical, chemical, and mineralogical analyses were carried out. Binary mixtures of WTPS and clay in different proportions and beneficiation conditions were produced, and two types of clay were studied with substitution rates of 0, 5, 10, and 20% of sludge. The test specimens were molded and characterized for their physical, mechanical, chemical, and mineralogical properties. It was found that the properties of ceramics are affected by the incorporation of DWTS, tending to increase their shrinkage and water absorption and reduce their mechanical strength depending on the sludge content for any beneficiation type. The study showed that the form, calcination, and grinding have little influence on the properties of ceramics, with the type of clay and sludge content being more important. Therefore, priority should be given to the use of raw sludge as there is no additional energy expenditure for its beneficiation. Finally, the conclusions suggest that the particle size distribution of substituted clay should be observed seeking balance with respect to clay content and fluxing agents, avoiding significant changes in ceramics produced with DWTS. The incorporation of sludge in ceramic production contributes to the proper disposal of this waste and reduces the environmental impact caused by clay extraction in construction industry.
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21
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DEYVISON LUIZ ANDRADE DE SOUZA
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Methodological Proposal for the Distribution of Socio-Environmental ICMS Resources Related to Solid Waste in Pernambuco
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Líder : MARIA DO CARMO MARTINS SOBRAL
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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FABRICIO MOTTERAN
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GILSON LIMA DA SILVA
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EDVANIA TORRES AGUIAR GOMES
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ÉRIKA ALVES TAVARES MARQUES
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ROGÉRIA MENDES DO NASCIMENTO
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Data: 06-jul-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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The ecological Tax of Operations Relating to the Circulation of Goods and on the Provision of Services of Interstate, Intermunicipal and Communication Transport (ICMS) is a political instrument that takes into consideration environmental criteria for the sharing of ICMS revenue destined for Brazilian municipalities. This instrument is capable of promoting improvements in municipalities with regard to social and environmental aspects, consequently improving the quality of life for residents and combating forms of environmental pollution. In Pernambuco, the ecological ICMS is known as the Socio-environmental ICMS, and the environmental criteria are based on conservation units, protection of bodies of water, and proper disposal of solid waste from municipalities. In order for a municipality to be entitled to a share of the resources from the Socio-environmental ICMS related to solid waste in Pernambuco, it is necessary for the State Environmental Agency (CPRH) to evaluate the municipality in terms of criteria related to sanitary landfill and composting unit. The evaluation of both criteria related to the proportion of the population that makes up the municipal population will be responsible for resulting in the financial value that the State Court of Auditors of Pernambuco (TCE/PE) will transfer to the municipality. This research aimed to propose an adapted methodology for the distribution of resources from the Socio-environmental ICMS related to solid waste in the state of Pernambuco through the insertion of a new criterion in the CPRH evaluation system named the Municipal Environmental Management Index (IGAM). The new criterion consists of ten environmental indicators reported by municipalities to the National Sanitation Information System (SNIS) in the year 2020 and concerns municipal environmental management. The acceptance of IGAM was validated by experts in the field of environment through the application of an online questionnaire that used the Delphi methodology to obtain responses. With the inclusion of the new criterion in the CPRH evaluation system, this research simulated the performance of municipalities in Pernambuco in five proposed scenarios, using information on the distribution of resources from the ICMS related to solid waste in 2019. The analysis of the scenarios revealed that the inclusion of a new criterion in the CPRH evaluation system aligns better with the distribution of resources from the Socio-environmental ICMS related to solid waste and contributes to strengthening municipal environmental management, focusing mainly on selective wastecollection and recycling and contributing to the implementation of Sustainable Development Goals (ODS) 11, 12 and 13 of the 2030 Agenda in Pernambuco.
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22
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LEIDY LAURA ÁLVAREZ BERRÍO
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Contributions to the Study of Flow in Deformable Fractured Media: Shape Factor, Pseudo-Coupling and Topological Analysis
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Líder : LEONARDO JOSE DO NASCIMENTO GUIMARAES
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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BERNARDO HOROWITZ
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FLÁVIA DE OLIVEIRA LIMA FALCÃO
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IGOR FERNANDES GOMES
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LICIA MOUTA DA COSTA
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SIDARTA ARAUJO DE LIMA
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Data: 28-jul-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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Naturally fractured reservoirs are present in the various lithostratigraphic units of shales, sandstones, carbonates, among others. Carbonate reservoirs stand out, representing a large part of the world's oil and gas reserves. In Brazil, the reservoirs of the Pre-Salt layer stand out for presenting challenging geological characteristics for Brazilian engineering. The Pre-Salt comprises an area of approximately 149 thousand square kilometers offshore, between the states of Santa Catarina and Espírito Santo, with a total depth of approximately 7 km (Petrobras, 2017). Usually the structure of these reservoirs is composed of two structures, the rock matrix and fractures, where fractures can function as channels or barriers to flow. When fractures develop high flow conductivity they cause premature water breakthrough in producing wells, compromising the efficiency of the reservoir matrix sweep (Bratton & Gillespie, 2006). The development of pre-salt carbonate reservoirs involves several problems such as: the coupling of mechanical deformation processes induced by fluid pressure on the matrix rock and fractures, the fluid flow inside the matrix and fractures, the interaction of fluid flows from the matrix and fractures, the deformations of the matrix rock and fractures, among others (Adachi et al., 2007; T. Chen et al., 2014). However, due to the large number of processes involved, the heterogeneity of the medium and the magnitude and direction of the in situ stresses make the modeling of the coupled hydromechanical problem very complex. The dual porosity approach is one of the computationally efficient and commonly used methods to model the flow in the fracture-matrix system. It was first introduced by (Barenblatt et al., 1960). In this model, the matrix and fracture are divided into two independent systems: the fractures are
conceptualized to serve as main global flow pathways (fractures have high permeability and low storage volume), while the continuous matrix, which acts as sinks or main sources of fluid storage (matrix blocks have high storage volume and low permeability), are locally connected to each other as well as interact directly or indirectly with the globally connecting fractures. Then, the dual porosity concept was extended and applied to the field of petroleum engineering by (Warren & Root, 1963) mainly for pressure test analysis. Within the dual porosity/permeability formulation is involved the fluid transfer term between the matrix and the fracture, related to the shape factor. As will be seen in the next chapters, this subject has been studied by several authors, who have developed constant values of the transfer term proper to the geometry of the model analyzed. However, these shape factor constants cannot fully explain the transient phenomenon of the system, because it is usually associated with the pseudo-stationary state, which would cause large calculation error at the initial stage of the flow. Therefore, the authors focused on the description of the transient pressure by solving the pressure diffusion equation inside the matrix block. In addition to the shape factor there are properties such as topology, equivalent permeability, which allows characterizing the natural fracture system, allowing to know the connectivity of this network and its importance in the flow of fluids. (Sævik & Nixon, 2017; Sanderson & Nixon, 2015a).In this work, a comparison between the DFN, Double porosity / double permeability and simple porosity
models is presented, with the aim of identifying, taking into account the considerations of each model, which one allows to have a real knowledge of the reservoir, for this purpose the concept of geomechanical pseudo-coupling tables is used where the volumetric deformation of the fracture system and matrix is considered.
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23
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SAMARA FERNANDA DA SILVA
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Land Use And Cover of the Soil and Precipitation in the Values of the Rio Grande Basi Basin - BA
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Líder : SUZANA MARIA GICO LIMA MONTENEGRO
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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ANDREA SOUSA FONTES
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ALFREDO RIBEIRO NETO
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CAROLYNE WANESSA LINS DE ANDRADE
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JOSICLEDA DOMICIANO GALVINCIO
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RICHARDE MARQUES DA SILVA
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Data: 03-ago-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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The Rio Grande basin (BHRG) is an important tributary of the São Francisco river, it is part of one of the most active agricultural frontiers in the world and has been undergoing changes in land use and land cover (LUCC). Additionally, the decade from 2010 to 2020 was marked by a reduction in rainfall, which contributed to an almost exponential increase in irrigated agriculture. Such factors culminated in the increase of land and water tenure conflicts. Thus, understanding the hydrological processes becomes crucial for the management of the basin's waters. Thus, this research aimed to evaluate the effects/impacts of changes in land cover use and precipitation on the components of the water balance of the Rio Grande basin, in particular on the flow regime. The two variables – precipitation and the LUCC – were then initially studied separately and, subsequently, hydrological modeling was carried out and, finally, simulations were carried out to evaluate separately and separately the effects of the two variables on surface runoff. Due to the low density of the rainfall network, it chose to use the rainfall estimated by the Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation with Station data (CHIRPS) product, which required validation using the “point-to-pixel” technique. Eleven rainfall stations were used and then compared with those estimated by CHIRPS, on a monthly basis using the period 1981 to 2020. CHIPRS was accurate in detecting rainfall, satisfactory in the probability of detecting these events and exhibited good ability to represent spatial variation. precipitation time. The LUCC analysis was carried out using landscape ecology metrics (from 1990 to 2020) and correlations of areas of use classes with flows near the basin outlet. Significant reductions in the areas of the classes were observed, especially of native vegetation (reductions) and anthropized areas (increase). There was a trend of reductions in average, minimum and maximum flows and strong significant correlations between average and minimum flows with the increase in areas of rainfed agriculture, irrigated agriculture, pasture and urban infrastructure. In the hydrological modeling, the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model was used, which was fed with CHIRPS estimates, calibrated and validated for three different periods (LUCC 1990 and climatological data from 1981 to 1995; LUCC 2010 and climatological data from 1996 to 2010; LUCC 2015 and climatological data from 2011 to 2020) using the multi-site-sequential calibration technique. After this stage, using the 'one factor at a time' technique, experiments were simulated – LUCC combination arrangement and precipitation series estimated by CHIRPS. The results show that the SWAT performed satisfactorily in its analysis in the three periods studied on a monthly scale, especially in the headwaters sub-basins. The model well represented the progressive decline of flows in all fluviometric stations. Precipitation was the most sensitive variable in the generation of runoff, however as precipitation is reduced, the sensitivity of runoff from BHGR to LUCC increases.
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24
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ERICKA PATRICIA LIMA DE BRITO PAIVA
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Study on the Use of Organic Waste from the State of Pernambuco Supply and Logistics Center for the Production of Biogas
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Líder : JOSE FERNANDO THOME JUCA
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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FERNANDO FERNANDES
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FRANCISCO SUETONIO BASTOS MOTA
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MARIA DE LOS ANGELES PEREZ FERNANDEZ
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MAURICIO ALVES DA MOTTA SOBRINHO
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SERGIO PERES RAMOS DA SILVA
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Data: 11-ago-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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The use of biodigesters for the treatment of organic waste aiming at the energetic use of biogas is commonly observed all over the world, especially in Europe and China, presenting nutritional results from the point of view of management, economy and environment. Thus, the importance of this study lies in evaluating the technical viability of applying anaerobic digestion technology in the treatment of fruit and vegetable waste from the Pernambuco Supply and Logistics Center (CEASA/PE) through the use of a biodigestion system in pilot scale. This system is equipped with a selection conveyor, a flute conveyor, a crusher mill, a mixing tank, two hydrolysis/acidification tanks and a methanization tank that can work in series or in parallel, a gas treatment system, a gasometer, a dryer, flaire and motor-generator group, in addition to gear pumps, piping, control panel, valves and instrumentation. As a way to subsidize the start-up and operation of this system, the following studies were carried out: (1) gravimetric composition of the residues in the four main fruit and vegetable reduction sheds of CEASA/PE (2) physical-chemical characterization of the five residues of greater than appearance observed during gravimetric compounding; (3) evaluation, through BMP tests, of the biogas generation potential of the five selected residues using anaerobic sludge and bovine rumen as inoculum; (4) evaluation of the kinetic parameters from the biogas production curves, fitting in the First Order, Modified Logistic, Modified Gompertz, Cone and Fitzhugh models; (5) evaluation of the operational stability of the biodigestion system with digestate recirculation. The initial results of the gravimetric composition showed a high percentage of pepper, tomato, orange, eggplant and leafy/vegetable residues. After the completion of the BMP assays, it was observed that, for all combinations of substrates and inoculum in BMP assays, the maximum rate of biogas generation occurred in the first 24 hours after incubation, following a tendency to stabilize and tending to 0 after the 35th day, this being the necessary duration for the complete degradation of organic substrates. In the field, the behavior of the biogas composition obtained in the system consumption 90% of CH4 throughout the study. It was thus possible to estimate that it would be possible to generate 1135.66 kWh of electricity during the period under study.
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25
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ARMANDO DIAS DUARTE
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Proposal of a Metaheuristic Algorithm to the Pipe Line Routing
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Líder : JOSE ALMIR CIRILO
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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LEIDJANE MARIA MACIEL DE OLIVEIRA
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JOSE ROBERTO GONCALVES DE AZEVEDO
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GILSON LIMA DA SILVA
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ABDELADHIM TAHIMI
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FRANCISCO JÁCOME SARMENTO
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Data: 14-ago-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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In regions where the water deficit is presented as a major challenge, the search for techniques that allow optimizing the water infrastructure is of great importance for managers. The present study aims to obtain the optimal layout of pipelines by adapting the A-Star (A*) algorithm, henceforth referred to as Modified A-Star for Pipeline Routing (MAPR), which operates in a specific search space, consisting of variables considered as most influential in the decision-making process of the ideal route, namely, the length of the pipeline and the power required for its operation. The algorithm calculates the route that minimizes the sum of annual costs associated with each of the considered variables. Real-world applications attest to the feasibility of applying the proposed method to present results of interest to pipeline system designers. For the validation of the algorithm, three systems were adopted, whose computational results indicate significant contributions to help in the search for optimal pipeline layouts.
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26
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VAGNER DE SOUZA FELIX
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Hydrological Modeling of Future Scenarios of Climate Change and Land Use in the Pajeú and Capibaribe River Basin
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Líder : ALFREDO RIBEIRO NETO
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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ARTUR PAIVA COUTINHO
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JOEL SILVA DOS SANTOS
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JOSE ROBERTO GONCALVES DE AZEVEDO
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JOSICLEDA DOMICIANO GALVINCIO
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RICHARDE MARQUES DA SILVA
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Data: 18-ago-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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This research aimed to analyze the influence of future scenarios of climate and LULC (land use and land cover) in the watersheds of the Pajeú river and the Capibaribe river in relation to the flow regime and hydrological processes. For this purpose, the MGB-IPH hydrological model was used. The adopted future climate scenarios were the projections of the Eta/CPTEC regional climate model nested to global circulation models (scenario RCP 4.5). Future LULC scenarios were defined using the Land Change Modeler, based on the classifications of vegetation cover and land use developed by the Mapbiomas project. Thus, two LULC scenarios were developed for the Pajeú river basin, scenario 1 (transition from caatinga and pasture to agriculture) and scenario 2 (caatinga to pasture and agriculture). For the Capibaribe river basin, the future LULC scenarios were scenario 1 (transition from caatinga vegetation to pasture and agriculture) and scenario 2 (transition from caatinga and forest to agriculture). For both watersheds, the LULC map referring to the year 1985 was considered as a reference for comparing the results. The hydrological model was manually calibrated considering a single set of parameters for both watersheds, therefore, considering the HRU for the year 1985. The Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient ranged from 0.70 to 0.79 in the calibration and from 0.81 to 0.89 in the validation of the Pajeú river basin. In the model calibration of the Capibaribe river basin, the Nash-Sutcliffe ranged from 0.58 to 0.88 and the validation from 0.09 to 0.90. Then, the model was run for the period from 1961 to 1990 (baseline period) and for the period from 2041 to 2070 considering climatological data from future scenarios. The results showed that the parameterization of the model can influence the increase or reduction of the flow volumes and hydrological processes in relation to the LULC scenarios. There was a significant decrease in the peak flow (Q10) in the MGB-Eta-MIROC simulation for both basins. The MGB-Eta-BESM simulates a considerable increase in Q10 for both river basins, but with similar volumes. The MGB-Eta CanESM simulates a decrease in the peak flow for the two hydrographic basins, but with greater magnitude for Capibaribe. The MGB-Eta-HadGEM predicts an increase in Q10 and a significant decrease in Q90 for the Pajeú river and a decrease in Q10 and Q90 for the Capibaribe river. In relation to Q90, the MGB Eta-HadGEM simulated the highest flow volumes for the Pajeú. Finally, the magnitude of decrease or increase in flow projected by climate scenarios may be bigger or smaller depending on the associated LULC scenario.
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27
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DEVSON PAULO PALMA GOMES
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Challenges and Opportunities of Using Different Inocula for the Biological Production of Caproic Acid
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Líder : SAVIA GAVAZZA DOS SANTOS
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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FABRICIO MOTTERAN
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BRUNA SOARES FERNANDES
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NORMA CANDIDA DOS SANTOS AMORIM
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RENATO CARRHA LEITAO
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SHYRLANE TORRES SOARES VERAS
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Data: 25-ago-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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The carbon chain elongation process appears as an opportunity for the biological production of products with high added value, such as medium chain carboxylic acids (MCCAs). Among MCCAs, caproic acid has several applications in the market, such as antimicrobials (pharmaceutical industry), additives (animal feed), and chemical products (production of flavorings, biofuels, and bioplastics). The biological production of caproic acid, on larger scales (pilot and industrial), still presents different challenges, such as: the complex structure of microbiomes, the presence of competitive metabolic pathways, the toxicity of the undissociated acids, in addition to the viability of in-line extraction techniques. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the chain elongation process aiming at the production of caproic acid, through the use of different inoculums (ruminal fluid, anaerobic granular sludge, and cassava wastewater), separately or in the consortium, from two experiments with three batches (B-I, B-II, and B-III) each. For that purpose, reactors in different scales (0.610 L reactors – Article 1 and 7 L anaerobic reactor – Article 2) were employed, using acetic acid and ethanol as substrates. The highest concentrations of caproic acid in article 1 were accepted in B-III, according to the following inocula: 10.1 g.L-1 for anaerobic granular sludge, 9.6 g.L-1 for cassava wastewater and 9.1 g.L-1 for ruminal fluid. Microbial analyses revealed a greater dominance of the phylum Firmicutes and the genus Clostridium sensu stricto 12 in the reactors, thus justifying the high generation of caproic acid. In article 2, using an anaerobic reactor with 7 L and mixed inoculum (anaerobic granular sludge and cassava wastewater), the following maximum productions of caproic acid were achieved: 7.0 g.L-1 at the end of B-II and after its pH adjustment, 7.8 g.L-1. Microbial analyses indicated the dominance of MCCA producing microorganisms, such as Caproiciproducens, C. sensu stricto 12, Enterococcus, and Rummeliibacillus along the three batches. The two experiments carried out reached, from the cost benefit analysis, that it is necessary to replace chemical inhibitors (2-BES) and synthetic substrates due to their high costs, to guarantee the economic viability of the gain in the carbon chain.
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28
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RICARDO PEREIRA GUEDES
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Flow Order Reduction Techniques in Transient Porous Medium applied in Aquifer
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Líder : LEONARDO JOSE DO NASCIMENTO GUIMARAES
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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DEBORA CRISTINA ALMEIDA DE ASSIS
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JOSE ANTONIO BARBOSA
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LICIA MOUTA DA COSTA
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PAULO MARCELO VIEIRA RIBEIRO
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RAFAEL FERNANDES VIEIRA CORREIA SANTOS
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Data: 28-ago-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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Order reduction is increasingly being used in solving simulations in various areas of engineering and science. The complexity of mathematical models to portray the reality of the world is increasing, whether in engineering, medicine, climate forecasts, etc. Thus, requiring many more variables and complex algorithms. The solution found is to try to reduce the models as a strategy to make processing cheaper and consequently the computational cost, and still to achieve the accuracy of the modeled results. Modeling and simulation are precious tools in engineering, leading to understanding the functioning of many physical processes in the real world and consequently accurately predicting what may happen under adverse operating conditions. Proving that knowledge of larger domains is increasingly needed and order reduction becomes a critical factor, both for engineering and for science in the various areas. The numerical approximation techniques of the models involve many mathematical tools for the interpretation of the physical process, in addition to experience in numerical computation and software development, in addition to knowledge of the physical system being studied. Thus becoming the methodology of reduction of a very broad order and may even be multidisciplinary in some cases. With the great increase in the processing power of computers and the evolution of numerical algorithms in the solutions of linear systems, techniques such as the order reduction, are allowing to solve problems that a few decades ago it was not dreamed of solving. That is, the combined acceleration of processors and the algorithms of current computers are contributing to the solution of many systems today. This work will present two order reduction techniques, which are used for transient porous flow, comparing with conventional techniques to show the effectiveness of the order reduction method in the proposed physical system. In addition to the proposed techniques, studies of changes were incorporated to provide greater reductions in the systems that would guarantee the accuracy of the solution. The methods used were partitioning, using the Guyan static partitioning method, and the modal superposition method. Both methods had to be adapted to the proposed system, with mathematical developments to arrive at the algorithm. And the results obtained contribute to a better understanding of the process.
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29
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JONATHAS BARBOSA DE ARAÚJO FREITAS
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Potential of Bank Filtration in Tropical Environments: Biogeochemical Analysis of Tropical Hyporheic Zone and Simulation of Algae Passage in Porous Media
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Líder : JAIME JOAQUIM DA SILVA PEREIRA CABRAL
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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ANDERSON LUIZ RIBEIRO DE PAIVA
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ARTUR PAIVA COUTINHO
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GUILLAUME FRANCIS BERTRAND
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MAURICIO LUIZ SENS
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ROBERTO LIMA BARCELLOS
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Data: 29-ago-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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Bank Filtration (BF) is an efficient and cost-effective technology for water treatment. During the BF process, there is interaction between a surface water source and its underlying aquifer. Therefore, understanding the processes occurring in the hyporheic zone is crucial for the application of this technology. Biogeochemical markers, such as environmental isotopes, elemental markers and hyporheic meiofauna are important for studying this zone, especially in tropical regions where little research has been conducted on this topic. Furthermore, a global challenge is the eutrophication of water sources, leading to algal blooms and impairing water treatment through conventional methods. In this context, this thesis analyzed the physicochemical and biological characteristics of the hyporheic zone in the Beberibe River (Northeast of Brazil) through sedimentological analysis (grain size and organic matter and calcium carbonate contents), isotopic markers (δ15N and δ13C), elemental markers (total organic carbon, total nitrogen, and C/N ratio), and biological marker (meiofauna). It also investigated the influence of different temperatures (10°C, 20°C, and 30°C) on algal retention through laboratory column tests with different flow rates. These experiments were conducted using laboratory-cultivated samples (Microcystis Aeruginosa) and enriched samples from the Elbe River (Germany). The results revealed that domestic wastewater discharge had the greatest impact on the characteristics of the hyporheic zone, including higher meiofauna abundance, fine sediments, organic matter and calcium carbonate. These factors contribute to the formation of a colmation layer that aids in the retention and biodegradation of pollutants. In the algal column tests, temperature and flow rate showed a significant impact on retention, with lower flow rates and temperatures between 20°C and 30°C favoring algal retention and biodegradation. In conclusion, it was found that the combination of eutrophication and tropical conditions creates favorable conditions for the formation of a colmation layer and the attenuation of pollutants during the BF process. These results are relevant for the application of BF in tropical regions, particularly in developing countries in Latin America, Africa and South Asia.
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30
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SHEILA AZEVEDO FREIRE
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ACCESSIBILITY AND MOBILITY OF THE LOW-INCOME POPULATION: An Assessment of Equity Through the Lens of the Capabilities Approach
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Líder : MARIA LEONOR ALVES MAIA
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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ILCE MARILIA DANTAS PINTO
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ISABELLE YRUSKA DE LUCENA GOMES BRAGA
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LEISE KELLI DE OLIVEIRA
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LIGIA RABAY MANGUEIRA ARAÚJO
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LÍLIAN DOS SANTOS FONTES PEREIRA BRACARENSE
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Data: 30-ago-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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There is a consensus, both in transport planning practice and in the academic literature, that improving people’s access to important and daily destinations should be among the main objectives of equitable transport policies. These policies are even more relevant in contexts with large socioeconomic disparities. Although the influence of transport on this issue has been discussed in the literature, there is a wide field of research to be explored. This thesis tries to analyze to what extent the low level of mobility and accessibility facilitates or deprives the ability of people in poverty situation to access the city’s territories and its opportunities. To this end, Amartya Sen and Martha Nussbaun's Capabilities Approach theory was applied as a theoretical basis to assess what individuals can access (capabilities) versus their actual journeys (functionings). The ability to access opportunities and participate in worthwhile everyday activities is the focus of this study, in which capacity limitation may be associated with a risk of social exclusion related to transport. The hypothesis tested is that mobility and accessibility inequalities are related not only to income inequality issues but also to characteristics (individual and social), the availability of transport services, and the diversity of urban functions within the local space where this population lives and, in its surroundings, which in turn, impacts their capacity. To test the hypothesis, an empirical study was carried out in two low-income communities in the city of João Pessoa, Brazil. The proposed study has a quantitative and qualitative approach concerning the processing of information collected through household surveys with the population residing in the studied areas. For the quantitative analysis, econometric and spatial techniques were used. The results showed that there was significant variation in mobility resources among residents of the areas under study, producing differences both in mobility capacity and in the elements of mobility functioning, particularly about reach ranges, accessibility, and carrying out valuable everyday activities. It is expected that the results obtained provide subsidies for a more detailed approach to transport equity analysis, thus providing the development of public policies for accessibility and urban mobility integrated with other public policies.
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31
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JOSÉ ADSON ANDRADE DE CARVALHO FILHO
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Physicochemical and Biological Characterization of the Hyporheic Zone and its Perspective in the Revitalization of Streets Urban
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Líder : JAIME JOAQUIM DA SILVA PEREIRA CABRAL
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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ELIZABETH AMARAL PASTICH GONCALVES
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GUILLAUME FRANCIS BERTRAND
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LEIDJANE MARIA MACIEL DE OLIVEIRA
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RICARDO DE ARAGAO
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ROBERTO LIMA BARCELLOS
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Data: 31-ago-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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The concept of morphological change in watercourses brought with it impacts such as water pollution, erosion on the banks and silting of the bed, interruption of the connection between the river-aquifer and floods. The process of ecosystem degradation leads to numerous losses of organisms present in the environment. However, the resilience of some species is essential for the recovery of ecosystem balance. The revitalization of rivers is considered the main alternative for protecting water resources, as well as protecting the health of this environment. Among the environments that are fundamental for the revitalization of streams, there is the Hyporheic Zone (HZ). The HZ works as a flow regulator in the river-aquifer interaction, as a bioreactor where several biogeochemical processes occur, helping in the purification of water and is considered a rich environment that serves as a habitat for numerous organisms with important ecological functions that help in the attenuation of pollutants. Among the organisms that inhabit the HZ is the meiofauna. In this context, the present study aimed to carry out a study of the hyporheic zone of three urban streams in Recife; the stream Sítio dos Pintos, Cavouco and Parnamirim. Analyzing the water quality of the streams and carrying out the physical, chemical and biological characterization of the HZ, seeking attributes that may have an influence on the revitalization of the studied streams. The water quality analyzes showed the direct input of material of organic and fecal origin in the aquatic matrices, proving the high degree of degradation of the streams. The Framework Compliance Index (ICE) classified the waters of the three streams as poor and non-compliant with the resolution; the water quality index (IQA) classified it as bad and terrible; and the trophic state index (IET) classified all three streams as hypereutrophic. From the characterization of the HZ sediments, the most representative material was classified as sand, varying between coarse, medium and fine. The release of untreated wastewater into streams was an influential factor for the physical and chemical characteristics of the HZ, which presented fine sediments and high levels of organic matter. A total of 1201 meiofauna individuals were counted, distributed in five most representative taxa, nematoda (35%), rotifera (32%), annelida (21%), Acari (6%) and copepoda (5%). The PERMANOVA analysis indicated significant differences for the Period (p = 0.016), Area (p = 0.0007) and Stratum (p = 0.0001) factors. There was no significant relationship between the structure of the meiofauna community and the variables of the hyporheic environment, indicating that the main factors that determine the structure of the meiofauna were seasonality, a determining factor for the hydrodynamics of the streams and the oxygen limit that varies according to the stratum. Despite the environmental disturbances present in the streams, an abundance of hyporheic meiofauna individuals was found, showing the resilience of these organisms. The confirmation of ecological resilience provides a scientific basis for the development of stream revitalization strategies, as well as for guiding public policies aimed at improving the environmental quality of urban areas, taking HZ into account.
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32
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ANDRÉ LUIZ SANTOS PATRIOTA
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Alkaline Equivalent Method as a Viable Strategy for Using Waste Glass as a Supplementary Cementitious Material
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Líder : ARNALDO MANOEL PEREIRA CARNEIRO
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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ARNALDO MANOEL PEREIRA CARNEIRO
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NATHALIA BEZERRA DE LIMA
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JANAIDE CAVALCANTE ROCHA
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MARYLINDA SANTOS DE FRANCA
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WESLEI MONTEIRO AMBROS
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ÂNGELO JUST DA COSTA E SILVA
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Data: 01-sep-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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Portland cement (PC) manufacturing is among the industrial activities that emit the most harmful gasses into the atmosphere. Its replacement by alternative supplementary cementitious materials (SCM) is a timely research issue to address climate change-related constraints. There is a consensus in the literature on the possibility of using soda lime glass powder (PV) as SCM. However, studies with this bias, whether unitary or binary additions, do not consider the harmful potential of excess alkalis present in PV. In addition, little consideration is given to grind operations and more detailed contributions on the influence of glass particle size. This study proposes a formulation method for unit and binary substitutions containing PV, active silica (AS), metakaolin (MC) that takes into account the maximum amount of alkali in the mixtures. In this context, the unitary and binary additions were analyzed in isolation and employed in the production of pastes that were characterized in anhydrous, fresh and hardened state. For this study, approximately 2 kg of PV in the ranges (45x75, 25x45, < 45 and < 25 μm) were prepared in a porcelain ball mill. With X-ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopy, the same hydration products found in the reference sample were observed in the pastes with unit and binary substitutions. The amount of portlandite was evaluated by thermogravimetric analysis. Portlandite consumption after 7 and 56 days was affected by both the particle size of PV and the nature of the substitution. Pastes produced with PV < 45 μm and < 25 μm the two finest PV particle sizes showed the same level of compressive strength as the reference pastes, and those with unit replacement (SA and MC). It was observed that the compressive strength depends simultaneously on the void ratio and portlandite consumption. Scanning electron microscopy in conjunction with energy dispersive spectroscopy was useful to show the effect of particle size on the pozzolanic reactivity of PV. It was possible to conclude that formulation of binary additions was a satisfactory method for dosages where alkali control is required. It was verified that small concentrations of PV were sufficient to contribute to the binary additions. This study provides new directions to boost the use of ultrafine waste glass as SCM.
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33
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IVANA GOMES MAIA
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Evaluation of Asphalt Binders and Mixtures Prepared with Asphalt-Rubber Pellets
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Líder : ROBERTO QUENTAL COUTINHO
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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ROBERTO QUENTAL COUTINHO
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LENI MATHIAS FIGUEIREDO LEITE
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MARCOS ANTÔNIO FRITZEN
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ANTONIO CARLOS RODRIGUES GUIMARAES
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KAMILLA VASCONCELOS SAVASINI
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VERONICA TEIXEIRA FRANCO CASTELO BRANCO
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Data: 06-sep-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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Among materials used as asphalt binder modifiers, granulated rubber from scrap tires has shown good results in terms of improving resistance to permanent deformation, fatigue cracking and ageing. In addition, it contributes to the improper disposal of waste tires, making effective use of the rubber already used. There are two methods of incorporating crushed tire rubber into asphalt mixtures: dry process and wet process. In the dry way, the rubber grains are introduced into the plant as part of the aggregates. In the wet route, the rubber is previously added to the conventional asphalt binder. Rubber asphalt pellets, the name given to their commercialization in processed form as small pellets, are recent products in the paving market. This configuration facilitates the process of mixing the pellets with binder and mineral aggregates, making the purchase of rubber-asphalt faster, with low emission of pollutants. Therefore, it can be considered a sustainable technology, with the application of recycled rubber, and lower fuel consumption in transport and machining. The objective of this work was to evaluate the behavior of asphalt-rubber binders in the laboratory, using the criteria and tests required by the ASTM 8239/21 specification, in addition to fatigue resistance (LAS), storage stability and gas emission tests (polycyclic hydrocarbons aromatics - HPA). A comparison was made between the rheological properties of a sample of commercial asphalt-rubber AB-08 and the properties of two modifiers (PelletPAVE-Plus and PelletPAV) with CAP 50/70 in the proportions of 20% and 30%, in relation to mass. linker total. The results showed that the properties of binders with pellets are superior to those of CAP , but inferior to those of conventional rubber-asphalt AB-08. Additionally, the analysis of the binders and their fumes generated in the laboratory allowed us to conclude that the binders 50/70+30%PelletPav and 50/70+30% PelletPave-Plus had lower emission levels when compared to the commercial asphalt-rubber AB -08. The product was also tested by composing an asphalt mixture with a Gap-Graded type granulometric curve. In this way, Resilience Modulus (MR) and Tensile Strength (RT) were obtained, but it was not possible to obtain fatigue curves due to product (pellets) deficiency.
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34
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JEAN BAPTISTE JOSEPH
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Acceleration Strategies for Coupled Three-Dimensional Hydromechanical Problems, Based on GPU and CPU Programming: Application to Reservoir Geomechanics
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Líder : LEONARDO JOSE DO NASCIMENTO GUIMARAES
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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MICHAEL ANDRADE MAEDO
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IGOR FERNANDES GOMES
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LICIA MOUTA DA COSTA
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MANOEL PORFIRIO CORDAO NETO
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OSVALDO LUIS MANZOLI
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Data: 25-sep-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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Large-scale fluid flow in porous media demands intense computations and occurs in the most diverse applications, including groundwater flow and oil recovery. This article presents novel computational strategies applied to reservoir geomechanics. Advances are proposed for the efficient assembly of finite element matrices and the solution of linear systems using highly vectorized code in MATLAB. In the CPU version, element matrix assembly is performed using conventional vectorization procedures, based on two strategies: the explicit matrices, and the multidimensional products. Further assembly of the global sparse matrix is achieved using the native sparse function. For the GPU version, computation of the complete set of element matrices is performed with the same strategies as the CPU approach, using gpuArray structures and the native CUDA support provided by MATLAB Parallel Computing Toolbox. Solution of the resulting linear system in CPU and GPU versions is obtained with two strategies using a one-way approach: the native conjugate gradient solver (pcg), and the one provided by the Eigen library. A broad discussion is presented in a dedicated benchmark, where the different strategies using CPU and GPU are compared in processing time and memory requirements. These analyses present significant speedups over serial codes. Finally, recommendations are provided.
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35
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PABLO BORBA DE BARROS GÓES
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Study of Cement Pastes Using Fines from Recycled Aggregates
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Líder : ARNALDO MANOEL PEREIRA CARNEIRO
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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ARNALDO MANOEL PEREIRA CARNEIRO
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EUDES DE ARIMATÉA ROCHA
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KAROLINE ALVES DE MELO MORAES
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MARCIO SANTOS BARATA
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MARYLINDA SANTOS DE FRANCA
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NATHALIA BEZERRA DE LIMA
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Data: 29-sep-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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The construction industry is one of the largest generators of solid waste in the country. One way to recycle this material is through the production of recycled aggregates. However, this process generates a significant amount of fine particles, and the utilization of these particles is the focus of this study. The physical, chemical, and microstructural characteristics of these materials were analyzed at various degrees of fineness, as well as their use as fines in pastes with different replacement percentages. The predominant chemical element is SiO2, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis indicates that the material is highly crystalline and devoid of amorphous halos. These particles possess irregular shapes and sharp edges that form cracks and notches resembling a V shape. The analyses of the fresh state of the pastes revealed that the partial substitution of cement with these fine particles influenced the cohesion of the mixtures. Mixtures with finer particles exhibited greater cohesion. Their hydration and setting time showed results similar to reference pastes containing only cement. In the hardened state, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses unveiled the presence of crystalline phases like alite, calcite, ettringite, portlandite, and quartz in the pastes. Thermogravimetry (TG) indicated a mass loss similar to that of cement. Compressive strength decreased with the substitution of these fine particles, while dynamic modulus of elasticity and porosity generally increased at substitution rates of 10%, possibly due to the microfiller effect. The pastes with RHP showed lower CO2 emissions than the reference paste. Based on the results, it can be concluded that a 10% substitution of cement with these fine particles may be a viable option, considering sustainability and strength.
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36
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CÂNDIDA NATHALY CORDEIRO SOUTO
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Influence of Operating Conditions in Anaerobic Reactors with Attached Biomass to Obtain 1,3-Propanediol from Glycerol
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Líder : MARIA DE LOURDES FLORENCIO DOS SANTOS
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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GIOVANA TOMMASO
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JOSE LUIS SANZ MARTIN
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JULIANA CALABRIA DE ARAÚJO
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OSMAR LUIZ MOREIRA PEREIRA FONSECA DE MENEZES
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RENATO CARRHA LEITAO
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SAVIA GAVAZZA DOS SANTOS
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Data: 06-oct-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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In this work, the fermentation of glycerol by a bacterial consortium attached to silicone supports was studied in upflow anaerobic reactors in two configurations: R_T (anaerobic filter) and R_S (plug flow), operated continuously at different conditions of pH, HRT, and glycerol loads (pure and crude). Optimal conditions were established to obtain 1,3-PDO as the main product. In the R_T reactor, in addition to 1,3-PDO (maximum 0.47 mol.mol-gly -1), ethanol was produced, especially at pH above 8 and glycerol load (gly-LR) lower than 10 g.L-1.d-1 (maximum 0.20 mol.mol-gly-1). 1,3-PDO and ethanol productions were related to the bacteria adapted to the variations of gly-LR and pH during the operational period. The biofilm attached to the silicone (inoculum) had low diversity, with Pseudomonas, Lactobacillus, and Raoultella dominance. After 1 year of glycerol feeding, Pseudomonas were replaced by anaerobic bacteria, including 1,3-PDO producing genera: Lacrimispora and Clostridium (40% of the sequences). In the R_S reactor, operated with a progressive increase of gly-LR, the highest yields (on average) of 1,3-PDO were 0.43 mol.mol-gly-1 and 0.62 mol.mol-gly-1 , achieved with gly-LR of 18 and 46 g.L-1.d-1, when fed with pure and crude glycerol, respectively. The maximum productivity of 1,3-PDO (14.7 g.L-1.d-1) was obtained with crude glycerol. The biofilm attached to the silicone (inoculum) had low diversity, with dominance of Lactobacillus (70.6%) and Klebsiella/Raoultella (23.3%). After 293 days of feeding with pure glycerol, the abundance of Klebsiella/Raoultella decreased in the attached biomass and the suspension (9.7% and 7.4%, respectively). In addition, the genus Clostridium and members of the Ruminococcaceae family were the majority. After crude glycerol feeding, Clostridium was partially replaced by Eubacterium in the suspension. It remained the majority in the attached biomass, indicating that the attached-to-silicone bacteria converted glycerol into 1,3-PDO. In both reactors, non-degrading glycerol genera have also emerged, such as: Actinomyces and Eubacterium (in R_T), Anaerobacter, and Acetomaculum (sedimented biomass in R_S). These bacteria survived at the expense of cellular decay material. The results were very promising for scale-up application, even with high loads of crude glycerol. In addition to the studies in continuous reactors, batch experiments were carried out, and the trends observed in the production of 1,3-PDO and ethanol as a by-product in continuous mode were confirmed.
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37
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MARCOS ADRIANO MARQUES PESSÔA SALES
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Application of Aerobic Granular Sludge and Algal-Bacterial Consortium in Domestic Sewage Treatment: Formation, Nutrient Removal Mechanism and Oxygen Balance.
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Líder : MARIA DE LOURDES FLORENCIO DOS SANTOS
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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ANDRE BEZERRA DOS SANTOS
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SAVIA GAVAZZA DOS SANTOS
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SHYRLANE TORRES SOARES VERAS
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SIMONE MACHADO SANTOS
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TIAGO ROGERIO VITOR AKABOCI
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Data: 16-nov-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) and microalgal-bacteria granular consortia (MBGC) are wastewater treatment technologies, based on self-aggregation, capable to treat organic matter and nutrients simultaneously in a single reactor. The granulation conditions, biomass composition and granular stability differ from one region to another due to differences found in the composition of sanitary sewage and climatic conditions. In the MBGC, symbiosis occurs, where bacteria produce CO2 assimilated by the algae, which makes O2 available to the bacteria. However, information about the effect of algae on granulation and granular stability is still limited, as well as microalgae-bacteria interactions in granular reactors. In this context, the present work studied: (I) the effect of different operational conditions on the development of AGS and MBGC, and the role of microalgae in the formation of MBGC; (II) nitrogen balance to differ the consumption of this nutrient by microalgae and bacteria; (III) oxygen balance in LGAB to evaluate the contribution of each microbial group in the O2 balance during effluent treatment. In the first study (I) different influent carbon/nitrogen ratios (C/N, 4/1 and 8/1), and feeding modes (40 min and 60 min non-aerated feeding) were applied in 4 reactors in sequential batches with 4-hour cycles. The LGA was formed 15 days before the LGAB. However, the consortium biomass generally showed better stability and diameter. Under C/N=4 ratio, LGA showed a higher abundance of microorganisms producing extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), such as Xanthomonadacea and Rhodocyclaceae. The formed biomasses were unable to completely remove the high concentration of NH4+-N (100mg/L). Under C/N=8, NH4+-N removals greater than 90% it was observed, and the 60 min non-aerated feed cycle resulted in higher total nitrogen removal. In the second study (II), it was observed that in systems with microalgal-bacterial consortium, microalgae perform greater nitrogen uptake (205 mg N-NH4+/d) compared to nitrifying bacteria (24.14 mgNH4+-N /d), being the main responsible for the removal of nitrogen in the consortium. In the third study (III), it was observed that the amount of O2 produced by microalgae (37 mgO2/gVSS/h) was higher than that required by bacteria (23.87 mgO2/gVSS/h), demonstrating that the system is sustainable if applied to effluents with a C/N ratio = 10/1, similar to sewage in a tropical climate region such as those found in Brazil.
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38
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JOSE FRANCISCO DE OLIVEIRA NETO
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Recycling Potential of Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment in Brazil
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Líder : MARIA DE LOURDES FLORENCIO DOS SANTOS
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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MARIA DO CARMO MARTINS SOBRAL
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MAISA MENDONCA SILVA
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VALDIR SCHALCH
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MARCOS PAULO GOMES MOL
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WERONICA MEIRA DE SOUZA
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Data: 07-dic-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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Waste of electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) includes everything from large and small household appliances, computer and information and telecommunication (IT) equipment to automatic distributors when they reach the end of their useful life. The management of WEEE is significantly more complex due to its unusual chemical composition and fast and increasing evolution and premature disposal. In the last few years, both developed and developing countries have been looking for solutions to deal with the problems caused by the growing flow of electronic waste (both in quantity and toxicity). In general, these solutions are based on reducing resource exploitation through the reuse, repair, or recycling of this waste. Given this, the circular economy emerges as a viable solution to mitigate the negative impacts caused by the growing production of WEEE, mainly due to the heterogeneous and complex composition of these wastes. Thus, it is necessary to enhance the current WEEE management system through the implementation of material circularity practices (such as minimization, product design planning, reuse, recycling). To establish legal and operational mechanisms and instruments that favor material circularity in the WEEE stream, it is crucial to present an overview of the generation and disposal profile of this solid waste stream. In this way, it is possible to estimate the potential for material recovery and the potential environmental, economic, and social benefits. However, for this to be possible, critical factors are needed that can lead to the success or failure of a system focused on extracting materials from WEEE. Among these factors, one can mention available technologies and appropriate infrastructure, specialized technical knowledge in recovery processes, the implementation of stricter laws, operational costs of the recovery system, and active consumer participation. Therefore, overcoming challenges related to WEEE requires a comprehensive approach involving the government, private sector, and civil society.
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39
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ANNA ELIS PAZ SOARES
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The Potential for Wastewater Reuse and its Connection with Water Resources Management in Ipojuca Rivebasin - Pernambuco
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Líder : SUZANA MARIA GICO LIMA MONTENEGRO
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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MARIA DO CARMO MARTINS SOBRAL
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JOSE ALMIR CIRILO
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ELIZABETH AMARAL PASTICH GONCALVES
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ANA SILVIA PEREIRA SANTOS
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YVONILDE DANTAS PINTO MEDEIROS
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Data: 07-dic-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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In regions facing a water deficit, such as the Brazilian northeast, the reuse of effluents from domestic Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTP) presents itself as an alternative to alleviate pressures and reduce contamination of water sources. The practice is directly related to the 2030 Agenda for sustainable development, more specifically within Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 6 – drinking water and sanitation, being one of the tools for achieving the proposed goals. In this context, this thesis' main objective is to evaluate the potential for wastewater reuse from domestic sewage treatment from public sanitation systems as a strategy for improving water security in Pernambuco, through a case study of the Ipojuca river basin . The methodology adopted has a qualitative and quantitative approach, consisting of the evaluation of water resources management instruments being implemented in the basin; quantitative and qualitative analysis of the supply of reused water; characterization and mapping of demands (industry and irrigation), identification of opportunities and challenges to the practice of reuse in the basin. As a result, 12 WWTPs were identified in 10 municipalities with the potential to produce 76,188 m³/day of reused water. In terms of water quality, for the analyzed parameters, the stations demonstrated good performance, where the effluent could be used for restricted uses without the need for additional treatment. However, except in Ipojuca and Gravatá, the demands for irrigation and industry identified up to 20 km away from the WWTPs are lower than the effluent production. The low level of implementation of water management instruments such as system of classification and water charges is also highlighted, and it is recommended that a water permit be created for producers of reclaimed water in the basin. Finally, it is concluded that the Ipojuca river basin has a reuse potential to be explored as an alternative to improving water availability and reducing the release of effluents into the Ipojuca River. The results obtained through unprecedented analysis in the basin serve as a reference for those formulating and executing water resource management policies, as well as providing incentives for potential producers and consumers of reclaimed water.
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ADJANE DAMASCENO DE OLIVEIRA
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Refuse Derived Fuel - Feasibility And Potential
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Líder : JOSE FERNANDO THOME JUCA
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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MAURICIO ALVES DA MOTTA SOBRINHO
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MARIA DE LOS ANGELES PEREZ FERNANDEZ
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EDUARDO CÉSAR DE MIRANDA LOUREIRO
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LISETE CELINA LANGE
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RONALDO STEFANUTTI
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Data: 14-dic-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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The energetic use of municipal solid waste (MSW) as a source of energy and heat is a reality in many countries. Discussions around the mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions and adherence to commitments towards fossil carbon neutrality highlight the need for alternative sources in the energy sector. On the other hand, in the solid waste sector there is the challenge of implementing and maintaining efficient management, reducing the amount sent for final disposal. This establishes a point of convergence between the two sectors in order to address issues of significant environmental, economic and social impact. Waste-to-energy technologies have been consolidating on the global scenario, but heterogeneity is one of the weak points. In this regard, it is necessary to obtain a material with more homogeneous characteristics and produced with quality control: refuse derived fuels (RDF). This research therefore analyzed the feasibility of producing and using RDF. To this end, legal and regulatory aspects and the national production and consumption scenario were assessed. The potential for RDF production in the Metropolitan Region of Recife (RMR) was estimated based on scenarios derived from the targets set out in the National Solid Waste Plan (Planares) and the potential for use in cement plants, based on the targets set out in the Roadmap for the Cement Industry in Brazil. It is also important to know the characteristics of RDF produced in the country and, to this end, the physical, chemical and thermal characterization of RDF was carried out. In addition, the impacts of RDF production and use on achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) were assessed. With regard to legal and regulatory aspects, there is still a need for a more robust structure so that the stakeholders involved in the development of the sector can act with greater certainty. It was found that there is a cement industrial park in Brazil that demands the production of alternative fuels, and there are still other technologies capable of adapting to the use of this fuel. In terms of production, projections indicate that by 2040 there will be an average recovery of up to 45.1% of MSW in the form of RDF compared to the amount of MSW collected. In terms of using RDF to replace petroleum coke, it can be seen that there is economic and environmental viability due to the savings of US$ 98.6 million and 595,000 tons of CO2e emissions per year avoided by replacing 17% of the fossil fuel with RDF. In terms of characterization, the textile, paper/paperboard and plastic fractions represent the largest percentage of the composition of the 10 RDF samples analysed, with the first two fractions being the main components contributing to their biomass content, which varies from 39% to 57%. The moisture content varies between 18.5% and 36.2%, volatile material between 65.4% and 79.5% and ash between 14.5% and 29%. The elemental composition includes carbon (43.2% to 52.7%), oxygen (27.7 to 32.7%) and chlorine (0.2 to 0.8%). The lower calorific value ranges from 16.9 MJ.kg-1 to 22 MJ.kg-1 and mercury content ranges from 0.02 mg.kg-1 to 0.29 mg.kg-1. The metals with the highest percentages in the samples were Cr, Zi, Ni and Cu. Thermal analysis in oxidizing and inert atmospheres indicated 4 peaks of mass loss, with the process ending at 500oC and 700oC. It was found that the production and use of RDF correlates with SDGs 3, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13, 14 and 15. The results show that RDF is viable for production and has potential for use in Brazil.
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